VAMPIRE

eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems


ECRYPT II
General information:IntroductioneBASHeBASCeBAEADeBATSSUPERCOPXBXComputersArch
How to submit new software:Tipshashstreamaeaddhkemencryptsign
List of primitives measured:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
Measurements:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
List of subroutines:verifydecodeencodesortcorehashblocksxofscalarmult

Measurements of public-key signature systems on one machine: armeabi; ARM1176 (410fb767); 2011 Broadcom BCM2835; 1 x 1000MHz; berry0, supercop-20240107

[Page version: 20240726 23:45:48]

eBATS (ECRYPT Benchmarking of Asymmetric Systems) is a project to measure the performance of public-key systems. This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS for public-key signature systems:

For signature systems that support "message recovery", the space for a signature on a long message is shorter than the space for a signature on a short message.

Each table row lists the first quartile of many speed measurements, the median of many speed measurements, the third quartile of many speed measurements, and the name of the primitive. Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks. The symbol T: (starting with supercop-20200816) means that the SUPERCOP database at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time as a goal for this implementation. The symbol T!!! means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation, but that the implementation failed TIMECOP. (TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues; they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)

There is a separate page with more information about each signature system and each implementation. Designers and implementors interested in submitting new signature systems and new implementations of existing signature systems should read the call for submissions.


Implementation notes

Graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

NISTPQC graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

Measurement failures: mqqsig160, mqqsig192, mqqsig224, mqqsig256, ntrumls401x, ntrumls439x, ntrumls593x, ntrumls743x, qtesla128, qtesla192, qtesla256

Cycles to generate a key pair
25%50%75%system
895407897555903682ed25519
131398013384991362272
T:
ecdonaldp256
146030314712471509610
T:
donald512
449180545216574547364
T:
donald1024
540572054387055490007
T:
ecdonaldp160
671197267661136789230
T:
ecdonaldk163
716228271841147214605
T:
ecdonaldb163
730366173303377368721
T:
ecdonaldp192
965220796922559744199
T:
ecdonaldp224
118848351198278812071800
T:
ecdonaldk233
128168791283866012885632
T:
mqdss48
130080661312661713202188
T:
ecdonaldb233
13885025?14477955?18902675?
T:
qtesla1
156771831571573315740652
T:
sphincsf128sha256simple
162090351623259816277155
T:
donald2048
208765452089405020928882
T:
ecdonaldk283
231565342317647323219029
T:
ecdonaldb283
231919482322230623282993
T:
sphincsf192sha256simple
295790212959195829650508
T:
sphincsf128sha256robust
299390522996956330023561
T:
mqdss64
324269533260223032889540
T:
ecdonaldp384
28082095?41185700?54555199?
T:
qtesla3f
449183434495377145050706
T:
sphincsf192sha256robust
460468034615216146250408
T:
ecdonaldk409
491192664914351849253013
T:
sphincs256
521664705226429052338957
T:
ecdonaldb409
630209386307893363180405
T:
sphincsf256sha256simple
674584866753431367603091
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
58972983?67679934?89605221?
T:
qtesla1p
42018098?68546583?95266469?
T:
qtesla3s
755747797569458875878120
T:
ecdonaldp521
79116331?90271256?105122056?
T:
falcon512tree
917809449188231691988088
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
84054869?93435551?106309356?
T:
falcon512dyn
954267699547478395620679
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
995792619967187399736806
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
105533812105619977105831513
T:
ecdonaldk571
120141867120255250120328142
T:
ecdonaldb571
134217777134299589134444439
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
102401037?135103787?194493769?
T:
rwb0fuz1024
143703402143776352143913259
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
161072452161135209161241199
T:
sphincsf256sha256robust
175807458175910084175989387
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
181328493186463702188961677
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
207048123208966773209203991
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
214346730214564508215206778
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
257348541257415930257547888
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
263017578263133431263261043
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
249908315268019233297798984
T:
falcon1024tree
256784008?274823166?343728507?
T:
falcon1024dyn
360007108360238070360466495
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
386504723386686130386917042
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
315858557?391282648?443165070?
T:
qtesla3p
258614983?450363848?587995357?
T:
ronald512
501792168501888406502113316
T:
sphincss128sha256simple
681816366681969246682247710
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
375360522?696726662?1021058529?
T:
ronald768
744949782745075057745265740
T:
sphincss192sha256simple
940523857940674596940957044
T:
sphincss128sha256robust
100552948910056471161005825825
T:
sphincss256sha256simple
109334245910938685201095913961
T:
sflashv2
607465783?1116829556?2129568055?
T:
ronald1024
244439355024654727202476992706
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
282805959228373547022853710769
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
2152951341?2994007671?4114174860?
T:
ronald1536
340111388734078973893413796454
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
672490648468050160336825147228
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
766792537976888443077716685722
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
5128162953?8521770745?14150280946?
T:
ronald2048
964431233596494784279673897226
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
155574212671556761007515604189953
T:
rainbow1a
228940494542290177514722993376963
T:
rainbow1b
17828623293?24659183329?44763499602?
T:
ronald3072
449650766144498119446045009891487
T:
rainbow1c
Cycles to sign 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
482805492758503940
T:
sflashv2
971639987195992895ed25519
215208521883282232660
T:
ecdonaldp256
218073321985182282975
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
239466024277322511681
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
248962525049562564732
T:
donald512
325501433104803418184
T:
ronald512
462556446739404723094
T:
falcon512tree
3499383?4855099?8298009?
T:
qtesla1
601846561311826231361
T:
ecdonaldp160
612538861547736195283
T:
donald1024
638548064348736474457
T:
falcon512dyn
651656965908036690644
T:
ronald768
715353972035337257165
T:
ecdonaldk163
763929676758267752370
T:
ecdonaldb163
788265779114477934948
T:
rwb0fuz1024
805319881008188195490
T:
ecdonaldp192
3774677?8549622?15425555?
T:
qtesla3f
978699398320589878230
T:
falcon1024tree
106544071072575710903621
T:
ecdonaldp224
113126901133691211416335
T:
rainbow1b
121904101234874912434483
T:
ronald1024
126893381271954312780658
T:
ecdonaldk233
131102591313219513334102
T:
rainbow1a
137500131381337213888562
T:
falcon1024dyn
138172031385946513912151
T:
ecdonaldb233
8761642?14503728?25335968?
T:
qtesla3s
200769302009455820193719
T:
donald2048
12605278?20649876?28168340?
T:
qtesla1p
206888572071209020782137
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
218594242187480521972285
T:
ecdonaldk283
241180112414424024185433
T:
ecdonaldb283
253399832540094025426760
T:
rainbow1c
269751302701656527053470
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
305814983085433431204593
T:
ronald1536
344937613457523334876513
T:
ecdonaldp384
442539234432038344436798
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
442836474433745844442638
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
482214674832414848399283
T:
ecdonaldk409
541920835427371454346224
T:
ecdonaldb409
649931816523235665486241
T:
ronald2048
801347178023925880352958
T:
ecdonaldp521
56675106?87192748?147857847?
T:
qtesla3p
110057641110211299110379107
T:
ecdonaldk571
107635333110447659112197006
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
125129203125210366125405837
T:
ecdonaldb571
189625520189885643190134805
T:
ronald3072
315492386320583167332667036
T:
mqdss48
497575760497903012498305534
T:
sphincsf128sha256simple
659549875659925053660440123
T:
sphincsf192sha256simple
899895451900346813900995973
T:
sphincsf128sha256robust
964360127964838065965174165
T:
sphincs256
113360576111350050111143628567
T:
mqdss64
125187895112526204231254357880
T:
sphincsf192sha256robust
140354351714171016951427512792
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
154952374415499999921550808646
T:
sphincsf256sha256simple
243011196724315683122433212950
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
288067852328820232402883915453
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
289466741528966000852898882733
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
355875526335611493593562847009
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
366578455036685526623670611390
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
378753810237890061183790967043
T:
sphincsf256sha256robust
396589950939757967243979495976
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
431426923443158828484318700842
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
528335287752872221875289939519
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
687481603468794827086884371069
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
703455686470374884387039476176
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
747535155974761797927479321839
T:
sphincss128sha256simple
821774408382212111738223888004
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
106752372601067751688310679502963
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
130525129421305459423713056914054
T:
sphincss128sha256robust
132767727021328006717913281675997
T:
sphincss256sha256simple
150782026491508381481415091047197
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
179215759591792312319917926328128
T:
sphincss192sha256simple
Cycles to verify 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
750457636777843
T:
rwb0fuz1024
271645279307285070
T:
ronald512
298898302834321363
T:
ronald768
381608388502399917
T:
ronald1024
521476539891541205
T:
falcon512tree
543590547902550656
T:
ronald1536
606289627166631720
T:
falcon512dyn
774968787635810759
T:
sflashv2
785777795432827805
T:
ronald2048
98841810123451056394
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
105781510607521068835
T:
falcon1024tree
110668811137871133713
T:
qtesla1
127984512843241290891
T:
falcon1024dyn
144988014603081478008
T:
ronald3072
180176918194071844598
T:
donald512
228647523113792333038ed25519
246439524947522545947
T:
qtesla3s
249489725079102595515
T:
qtesla3f
392119339603634018850
T:
ecdonaldp256
512932051848855240400
T:
donald1024
515765052142955240937
T:
rainbow1a
558179556493705751705
T:
ecdonaldp160
588543559656756037135
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
714201771751307239822
T:
qtesla1p
721759572670257342170
T:
ecdonaldp192
843348086364428786458
T:
sphincss128sha256simple
927829493721419452670
T:
ecdonaldp224
99768421000054510021460
T:
rainbow1b
116306281176433711869453
T:
sphincs256
132662881340488513523325
T:
sphincss192sha256simple
134827251353252513589005
T:
ecdonaldk163
144078451445215214501868
T:
ecdonaldb163
151211411531991315437200
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
159516511598363516001116
T:
rainbow1c
160495091647019516747501
T:
sphincss128sha256robust
175233331784077718244173
T:
sphincss256sha256simple
181650751825188518404398
T:
donald2048
204651952058816520894744
T:
sphincsf128sha256simple
243570082444228824527450
T:
ecdonaldk233
265973872666805026696018
T:
ecdonaldb233
276774752785325527957950
T:
ecdonaldp384
317629203206004332997500
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
336296623384768334150023
T:
sphincsf192sha256simple
348334453528759335658307
T:
sphincsf256sha256simple
364807433662236336758107
T:
qtesla3p
358862853776605641367259
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
394937853994022840531586
T:
sphincsf128sha256robust
424812934250612842622125
T:
ecdonaldk283
470185874707314147144233
T:
ecdonaldb283
606821486110492561416519
T:
ecdonaldp521
671826396808072368756481
T:
sphincsf192sha256robust
941269299432144994462214
T:
ecdonaldk409
940209039545779696366974
T:
sphincsf256sha256robust
9822545899963216101924669
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
106259408106375256106510726
T:
ecdonaldb409
117429873118100371120165630
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
145096069146809592148862776
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
153915344155620757156732282
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
163847159164688198166721550
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
185746852187180474189947135
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
190656942193357135195310782
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
215812076216031325216331103
T:
ecdonaldk571
219280893229008833249565268
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
229132973231656137236342558
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
222577625232123425234460733
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
229906520235480566242001368
T:
mqdss48
236208555237785838240275763
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
245400500245750761245977962
T:
ecdonaldb571
250996000253232058255354435
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
367610350371366272374419282
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
372242915377326602380536472
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
530348884546398302585001477
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
484681189?584170659?606005727?
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
830574113841680026851371690
T:
mqdss64