VAMPIRE

eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems


ECRYPT II
General information:IntroductioneBASHeBASCeBAEADeBATSSUPERCOPXBXComputersArch
How to submit new software:Tipshashstreamaeaddhkemencryptsign
List of primitives measured:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
Measurements:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
List of subroutines:verifydecodeencodesortcorehashblocksxofscalarmult

Measurements of public-key signature systems on one machine: armeabi; Cortex-A8 (413fc082); 2012 TI Sitara XAM3359AZCZ100; 1 x 1000MHz; bblack, supercop-20240716

[Page version: 20241207 23:21:06]

eBATS (ECRYPT Benchmarking of Asymmetric Systems) is a project to measure the performance of public-key systems. This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS for public-key signature systems:

For signature systems that support "message recovery", the space for a signature on a long message is shorter than the space for a signature on a short message.

Each table row lists the first quartile of many speed measurements, the median of many speed measurements, the third quartile of many speed measurements, and the name of the primitive. Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks. The symbol T: (starting with supercop-20200816) means that the SUPERCOP database at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time as a goal for this implementation. The symbol T!!! means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation, but that the implementation failed TIMECOP. (TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues; they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)

There is a separate page with more information about each signature system and each implementation. Designers and implementors interested in submitting new signature systems and new implementations of existing signature systems should read the call for submissions.


Test results

Graphs: old (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

NISTPQC graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

Measurement failures: mqqsig160, mqqsig192, mqqsig224, mqqsig256, ntrumls401x, ntrumls439x, ntrumls593x, ntrumls743x, qtesla128, qtesla192, qtesla256

Cycles to generate a key pair
25%50%75%system
418324208842496picnicl1full
459124628848376picnic3l1
614166166463040picnic3l3
616646212065240picnicl3full
706167083272456picnicl1ur
707047087271416picnicl1fs
772007758478080
T:
picnic2l1fs
109456?110832?139488?picnicl5full
110280?112664?155200?picnic3l5
141248141704144360picnicl3fs
141280141824144872picnicl3ur
227488?245528?297400?picnicl5ur
226192?261208?378232?picnicl5fs
513352514272530184aimer128s
513656514896573768aimer128f
550808554048564264
T:
donald512
656768658224669216ed25519
744632773344873168
T:
ecdonaldp256
124156812452721280072aimer192f
124595212498241285776aimer192s
139911214049041437320
T:
donald1024
307732030834083100448aimer256f
308637630918643124568aimer256s
335452033825603418192
T:
ecdonaldk163
354022435490883600464
T:
ecdonaldp160
353730435699683798464
T:
ecdonaldb163
455150445694644619968
T:
donald2048
492061649697845006744
T:
ecdonaldp192
544917654640565492504
T:
mqdss48
558839256090565639968
T:
ecdonaldk233
3567976?5709040?12090520?haetae2
600294460139526034488
T:
ecdonaldb233
665596066710886753296
T:
ecdonaldp224
946326494798489511096
T:
sphincsf128sha256simple
969883297168729740632
T:
ecdonaldk283
106200401064292810719704
T:
ecdonaldb283
4324448?11275176?24946752?haetae3
8035280?12422256?15472168?
T:
qtesla1
128093201288152812972088
T:
mqdss64
137232481374545613816696
T:
sphincsf192sha256simple
9873864?16369632?24905376?haetae5
176436561766436017747528
T:
sphincsf128sha256robust
193280321945878419936056
T:
ecdonaldk409
215684802161594421704144
T:
ecdonaldb409
16582080?24311984?24568576?
T:
qtesla3f
247847122482468824955136
T:
ecdonaldp384
262232562625184026305464
T:
sphincsf192sha256robust
298558642988712829928488
T:
sphincs256
25329784?34542784?49759752?
T:
qtesla3s
358435443588988035979280
T:
sphincsf256sha256simple
394340803948434439543160
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
34893624?39627496?49001800?
T:
qtesla1p
443363124436775244496416
T:
ecdonaldk571
497839604982600049933256
T:
ecdonaldb571
501021845015155250225064
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
569514725706632057235144
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
578123045783792057987848
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
581328885822500058338616
T:
ecdonaldp521
646738886477972065082488
T:
luov4849242
734622327349678473653768
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
73078616?79584704?92030520?
T:
falcon512tree
794776007964149679883368
T:
luov863256
845937848466315284882616
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
809475608640162498771816
T:
falcon512dyn
938796249391386494081552
T:
sphincsf256sha256robust
956107209567988095942272
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
101734680102032256102221896
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
112262312112386800112612880
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
120265024120443888120723040
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
140435480140540856140726280
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
152785544152929864153287416
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
193730696193829688194054480
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
206115424206491992206992760
T:
luov6468330
185092944?217663416?291429320?
T:
qtesla3p
208622088?223378240?274104888?
T:
falcon1024tree
226419544227002320227827480
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
234926272252328864288791160
T:
falcon1024dyn
297539664297715456298225056
T:
sphincss128sha256simple
162344888?322500904?485257480?
T:
ronald512
327006272327539400328380584
T:
luov890351
369548232369849096370681592
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
393288496394183872400118280
T:
luov8086399
447976608448262496448617680
T:
sphincss192sha256simple
569917832570085176570723352
T:
sphincss128sha256robust
575092800575232296576125088
T:
sphincss256sha256simple
577240480577918824579098320
T:
luov8117404
609930080610332400611933752mqsignlr2567246
312470216?635041872?952335448?
T:
ronald768
742201736744086776747582272
T:
sflashv2
844472344845384560847372448mqsignrr2567246
848529256848842296849691928
T:
sphincss192sha256robust
114732373611506220161154261800
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
635882992?1235033272?2268410272?
T:
ronald1024
125298760812534284961254246664
T:
sphincss128harakasimple
150679946415075485521508246384
T:
sphincss256sha256robust
158218717615835426401585163256
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
160574815216064681841607342160
T:
sphincss128shake256simple
164442259216459142881647348840
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
297512554429760818642980268272mqsignlr25611272
1598592536?3056065864?4399463904?
T:
ronald1536
325758296832818753603289211528
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
387451245638760020403878259304mqsignrr25611272
413022278441317954404133751192
T:
redgemss128v2
457482308045809469364585582368
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
460565386446084961524611058336
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
4405327952?6734316080?9614012192?
T:
ronald2048
847571718484901896008518910424mqsignlr25614896
105977452481060013704010605224440mqsignrr25614896
6931508792?15754715504?24112555064?
T:
ronald3072
168559353201700257894417126302416
T:
rainbow1b
188323889921886330790418904477160
T:
gui184
248375558962483912286424842335392
T:
redgemss192v2
362945466643634167244836618409936
T:
rainbow1c
18399854536?39713464928?54489526352?
T:
ronald4096
400253307364003621384840188256712
T:
rainbow1a
Cycles to sign 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
324904326192334808
T:
sflashv2
674840676344689304ed25519
108877610980401134736
T:
donald512
112036011451201264448
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
115277611841601247568
T:
ecdonaldp256
135897613790241502720
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
160339216443921667472
T:
ronald512
210569621358642149408
T:
donald1024
357804835858803602640
T:
ecdonaldk163
1955672?3656176?6945536?
T:
qtesla1
377413637774723805048
T:
ecdonaldp160
377608837963044076456
T:
ecdonaldb163
437664044048084441976
T:
ronald768
494591249919125017776
T:
ronald1024
498408049970805080368mqsignlr2567246
517924052023525232736
T:
ecdonaldp192
584462458659205891080
T:
donald2048
585624858772965911912
T:
ecdonaldk233
604182460961126148696
T:
falcon512tree
626444062794086302440
T:
ecdonaldb233
2602424?6828248?9630128?
T:
qtesla3f
701161670202807043816
T:
ecdonaldp224
763600876705447715824mqsignrr2567246
894870489678249001648
T:
rainbow1b
5537464?9363480?16722648?
T:
qtesla3s
5418848?9440416?16457456?
T:
qtesla1p
963733696694569768088
T:
falcon512dyn
965880897846169859184
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
970661697916889942736
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
9923200996078410072224
T:
rainbow1a
103110161032943210391464
T:
ecdonaldk283
112322241123822411272936
T:
ecdonaldb283
113140161137521611432216
T:
ronald1536
126217841274524812835312
T:
falcon1024tree
8272016?14672368?36474920?haetae3
155970321562272015669376
T:
rainbow1c
165826241659861616662000mqsignlr25611272
204772882057249620671824
T:
falcon1024dyn
209125602100801621408872
T:
ecdonaldk409
210821202111450421201496
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
210508322114310421204904
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
227085122279734422910680
T:
ronald2048
230330882307584823140640
T:
ecdonaldb409
256599202571293625823792mqsignrr25611272
259002562596959226038872aimer128f
261051282619728026352704
T:
ecdonaldp384
13571416?26226112?43237952?haetae2
378389683791436838059368mqsignlr25614896
477922244785546447927528
T:
ecdonaldk571
26078736?50819336?74062704?haetae5
24684896?51604400?68524560?
T:
qtesla3p
535452565359915253715888
T:
ecdonaldb571
579237365804862458203416
T:
luov863256
584563045855579258659184mqsignrr25614896
599971926011393660195480
T:
ronald3072
612691606134312061412360
T:
ecdonaldp521
655549206571795265985760aimer192f
676527766775990467912240
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
710187047117901671372648picnicl1full
817969848200677682264728picnicl1fs
117370544117542064117834440picnicl1ur
124795224124954856125288528
T:
ronald4096
130127296130396944130705816aimer256f
139089344139365296139988856picnicl3full
161686376161866664162187408
T:
mqdss48
200887648201220912217379624
T:
luov890351
201614480202134720203892792picnicl3fs
209790432210510704211233376
T:
luov4849242
210727184211114424211374544aimer128s
249523200250021928250838104picnicl5full
294496136294825872295280160
T:
sphincsf128sha256simple
301182144301658576304422696picnicl3ur
343906176344583480345544272
T:
luov8117404
367305672367663208368177600picnic3l1
377886760379812400385233576picnicl5fs
392025040392627104393119472
T:
sphincsf192sha256simple
516909496517408760518273224aimer192s
532494184532895024533400896
T:
sphincsf128sha256robust
531775872536660568543089304picnicl5ur
572512264575840320612378528
T:
mqdss64
602018512602446368603183464
T:
sphincs256
732313336733009632733817064picnic3l3
734066968734890544735575528
T:
sphincsf192sha256robust
880602200881255344882668768
T:
sphincsf256sha256simple
948511976949076952950342376
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
986233792986818680987929624aimer256s
116236034411645883681166956928
T:
luov6468330
123849808812397758081240571544picnic3l5
140839594414093975761410516112
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
158096735215824912001583586032
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
166996813616704701281671788672
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
200105854420026373202003779608
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
209424796020971774802101120688
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
218226642421904024722192777624
T:
luov8086399
218997072821907857922191657728
T:
sphincsf256sha256robust
246785856024700738962476458136
T:
picnic2l1fs
252312087225242454562525850384
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
2291703792?2740566512?3256771328?
T:
redgemss128v2
274591508027480155042749421952
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
287710020028786268642880621032
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
375793026437595962803761636568
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
411688175241182699284120443488
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
441603163244175925364418965352
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
446286007244635849284464762312
T:
sphincss128sha256simple
624413911262460576006264971920
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
751489168075155942727516435152
T:
sphincss256sha256simple
787500911278753800247876735792
T:
sphincss128sha256robust
816828265681712394088172929088
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
4994302304?9989650176?19973105296?
T:
gui184
106532922321065499222410656112968
T:
sphincss192sha256simple
9184070528?10995506112?13048651664?
T:
redgemss192v2
184820879681848471672818488889520
T:
sphincss256sha256robust
190955299361909783991219099755072
T:
sphincss192sha256robust
223864572802238861181622390003240
T:
sphincss128harakasimple
238018164242380340936023805511288
T:
sphincss128shake256simple
Cycles to verify 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
124208125368126832
T:
ronald512
148952150496151280
T:
ronald768
183416184488185824
T:
ronald1024
278808279568281536
T:
ronald1536
394320405520407352
T:
falcon512dyn
399480406720426824
T:
sflashv2
407192408320413264
T:
ronald2048
411560412816414816
T:
falcon512tree
704928714848726216
T:
donald512
699928721552743168
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
747752749424786344
T:
ronald3072
782504786392811512
T:
qtesla1
824712828344871552
T:
falcon1024dyn
833376845208874048
T:
falcon1024tree
102878410354481085616haetae2
120907212146961257328
T:
ronald4096
163817616533521688256
T:
donald1024
172492017510881774552
T:
qtesla3f
175784017715921808664
T:
qtesla3s
190095219378321952872haetae3
210616021307842146368ed25519
225724023988562435760
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
238947224334002447272haetae5
243330424913442528888
T:
ecdonaldp256
264388027236722755672
T:
rainbow1a
284421629559523023032
T:
redgemss128v2
301337630877843156032
T:
gui184
334720033731443396440
T:
ecdonaldp160
448942445266404554832
T:
ecdonaldp192
487483248905364946608
T:
qtesla1p
495894451166085225272
T:
sphincss128sha256simple
512849651845685223224
T:
donald2048
589308059377445982200
T:
ecdonaldp224
679632868079526839200
T:
ecdonaldk163
709386471084007127536mqsignrr2567246
712073671478567176944
T:
rainbow1b
718140072139367451976
T:
ecdonaldb163
727568872826007291352mqsignlr2567246
719734472988487368264
T:
sphincs256
786587279144488028448
T:
sphincss192sha256simple
831504883728888473592
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
9684120995207210128648
T:
sphincss128sha256robust
101478561029930410420136
T:
sphincss256sha256simple
102708401044133610723080
T:
redgemss192v2
113349281138647211429560
T:
ecdonaldk233
121482721215960012196480
T:
ecdonaldb233
122550161246359212723704
T:
sphincsf128sha256simple
132194481324872813286432
T:
rainbow1c
153346241567328015904768
T:
sphincss192sha256robust
160478081608804816155552
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
161087681614051216271800
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
199413441994836019983480
T:
ecdonaldk283
199034641999793620123480
T:
ecdonaldp384
198806002007701620320536
T:
sphincsf256sha256simple
201102962029050420575416
T:
sphincsf192sha256simple
217588722179456821851568
T:
ecdonaldb283
235121122360056023782592
T:
qtesla3p
233577762379714424013336
T:
sphincsf128sha256robust
239728402399559224105592aimer128f
250380082564831225935456
T:
sphincss128harakasimple
257100642577888825824384mqsignrr25611272
259788082600872826128728mqsignlr25611272
262503762676364027561952
T:
sphincss128shake256simple
281354562850993628946136
T:
sphincss256sha256robust
396775044003283240269288
T:
sphincsf192sha256robust
402548084042400041344312
T:
ecdonaldk409
445960884462556844674504
T:
ecdonaldb409
451258804535659245495464
T:
ecdonaldp521
485830324862970448712408
T:
luov863256
526460805277718452961472picnicl1full
549947845551400856115024
T:
sphincsf256sha256robust
586728645886527258938752mqsignlr25614896
581227925890588059670264
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
599010886005123260100568mqsignrr25614896
601990246030772860532696aimer192f
645699446470148064889136picnicl1fs
643222886528520066228552
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
870310168833608089354088
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
903887369104800891825480
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
916599849176311291935224picnicl1ur
922977929236896092501488
T:
ecdonaldk571
964208809749260098551208
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
977451609834042498974560
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
982324969837169698517848
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
100916728101538896103000208
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
103507824103584768103751928
T:
ecdonaldb571
102147240103854432105046464
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
105708200106028008106626544picnicl3full
111954936112985224114584072
T:
mqdss48
117389072117722832117903528aimer256f
118397480118814896119832616
T:
luov4849242
124973112126913032128079112
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
139697816140841272141519640
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
149130624150110584151610008
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
163921616164373048166146448picnicl3fs
171391328171531344171753488
T:
luov890351
197456232197791968198107744picnicl5full
200490208202056376204816728
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
200389312202369784204525320
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
202261552202396976202729448aimer128s
221208272221841536222509944
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
221225888222012304222611560
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
238251384239220944240295664picnicl3ur
298277456298557696298864720picnic3l1
299923920300160152300434488
T:
luov8117404
314338080315575400321054312picnicl5fs
411428496416797664423130000
T:
mqdss64
419845648424036960426680320picnicl5ur
486829144488888920490336056
T:
luov6468330
498991896499895056506825464aimer192s
575802248576329240577173440picnic3l3
840013760845941280850697944
T:
luov8086399
911310240912390240913541856picnic3l5
945560496946977504964891336aimer256s
134823519213495480881350739440
T:
picnic2l1fs