VAMPIRE

eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems


ECRYPT II
General information:IntroductioneBASHeBASCeBAEADeBATSSUPERCOPXBXComputersArch
How to submit new software:Tipshashstreamaeaddhkemencryptsign
List of primitives measured:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
Measurements:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
List of subroutines:verifydecodeencodesortcorehashblocksxofscalarmult

Measurements of public-key signature systems on one machine: amd64; Core 2 65nm (6fb); 2007 Intel Core 2 Duo T7300; 2 x 2000MHz; trident, supercop-20240425

[Page version: 20240726 23:45:48]

eBATS (ECRYPT Benchmarking of Asymmetric Systems) is a project to measure the performance of public-key systems. This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS for public-key signature systems:

For signature systems that support "message recovery", the space for a signature on a long message is shorter than the space for a signature on a short message.

Each table row lists the first quartile of many speed measurements, the median of many speed measurements, the third quartile of many speed measurements, and the name of the primitive. Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks. The symbol T: (starting with supercop-20200816) means that the SUPERCOP database at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time as a goal for this implementation. The symbol T!!! means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation, but that the implementation failed TIMECOP. (TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues; they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)

There is a separate page with more information about each signature system and each implementation. Designers and implementors interested in submitting new signature systems and new implementations of existing signature systems should read the call for submissions.


Implementation notes

Graphs: old (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

NISTPQC graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

Measurement failures: ntrumls401x, ntrumls439x, ntrumls593x, ntrumls743x, qtesla128, qtesla192, qtesla256

Cycles to generate a key pair
25%50%75%system
665467036990picnicl1full
761876887905picnic3l1
939094139463picnicl3full
955096259777picnic3l3
124201250612727picnic3l5
124981252512659picnicl5full
166471672216839picnicl1ur
168731692717085
T:
picnic2l1fs
169911709217499picnicl1fs
314063153631650
T:
picnic2l3fs
318893208832331picnicl3fs
319333211332322picnicl3ur
430174308343423picnicl5fs
429944311843484picnicl5ur
445444461544863
T:
picnic2l5fs
982239847298905ed25519
227647228393230166
T:
ecdonaldp256
275317275609279171
T:
donald512
290391290863292806
T:
ecdonaldp224
330908331621333086
T:
ed448goldilocks
420241420664421778dilithium2
550156552713555837
T:
pass769
671455673139676918
T:
pass863
750247751471754326
T:
donald1024
757932760624764448dilithium3
926125931479935038dilithium2aes
112852411346731142592
T:
edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3
118156111834001184830dilithium5
141137914135111416622
T:
ecdonaldp521
142545514287151431579
T:
mqdss48
149178015093051542825
T:
ecdonaldp160
166523016701541676215dilithium3aes
177704717863971804017
T:
ecdonaldp192
179276818174181841920
T:
donald2048
222279422440632267647
T:
ecdonaldk163
234843823530632364989
T:
ecdonaldb163
1645573?2426094?3802477?
T:
qtesla1
281785128230722829662dilithium5aes
295277429694492981542
T:
ecdonaldk233
310328931175293121474
T:
ecdonaldb233
330344733087953312251
T:
mqdss64
367365836785773687034
T:
edons128ref
588741158973125914671
T:
ecdonaldk283
4149382?6074136?8013556?
T:
qtesla3f
633527963692666436476
T:
ecdonaldb283
712587371399557167007
T:
ecdonaldp384
7036562?9329259?13819093?
T:
qtesla3s
9386324?9436182?11858992?
T:
3icp
8412785?10887165?12149819?
T:
qtesla1p
109544291095513510955937
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
119178941194844711956160
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
124401961250702412568674
T:
ecdonaldk409
137627171382903413887326
T:
ecdonaldb409
154859741549123015518118
T:
sphincs256
160900361609160616132840
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
175526591755934817563336
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
209321322093321020935258
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
220111702201757722030062
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
237485592377579223820707
T:
luov4849242
247392472478728524848720
T:
rainbowbinary256181212
264115022662762127152753
T:
ecdonaldk571
272701142743723327471242
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
291214372913229829139037
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
289753902914131729224700
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
294456772957739829728149
T:
ecdonaldb571
309316223093294130935041
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
321721673224164032305582
T:
luov863256
324741043248012932551676
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
24028135?32673267?49986558?
T:
rwb0fuz1024
376503873767299937739527
T:
tts6440
362180833789515243323478
T:
falcon512tree
367175913893721344109731
T:
falcon512dyn
423159534231998342393049
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
466841034679199447152908
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
45329248?52779893?71490365?
T:
qtesla3p
40972501?60959520?93108571?
T:
ronald512
774810197756476577682411
T:
luov6468330
796427397967030079677624
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
864529468646788786483255
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
980827329868312299289085
T:
rainbow5640
56605700?108647733?160911853?
T:
ronald768
108333450115027914124374095
T:
falcon1024tree
120763352120924390121188595
T:
luov890351
120440007121184759121541903
T:
rainbowbinary16242020
112203351124165705132170447
T:
falcon1024dyn
146998335147156021147391827
T:
luov8086399
170649397171218256171690978
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
181992957182427386182859801
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
182902771183505795183843070
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
119845630?194450941?332896973?
T:
ronald1024
212981965213549609213794951
T:
rainbow6440
218647761218852467219118461
T:
luov8117404
252297249252676992254191329
T:
redgemss128v2
298556249298831516299241566
T:
bluegemss128v2
327723659327778951327803498
T:
sflashv2
350618952350624005350632791
T:
sphincss128shake256simple
379126887379722506379738423
T:
sphincss128harakasimple
500987824502083468504056892
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
517389107517438124517814543
T:
sphincss192shake256simple
541560476542775657543634369
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
544464454545700052546685949
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
558647546559016017561202852
T:
sphincss192harakasimple
384034695?616886521?838940221?
T:
ronald1536
669950904669962233669972027
T:
sphincss128shake256robust
677097516677107742677115184
T:
sphincss256shake256simple
701319348701357528701587091
T:
sphincss128harakarobust
745350037745365220745380666
T:
sphincss256harakasimple
986978615987720000987880207
T:
sphincss192shake256robust
127467339012747191801274759615
T:
sphincss256shake256robust
131173212513134005901314420871
T:
redgemss192v2
132694975013332514131338428077
T:
redgemss128
512956203?1346341513?2013279887?
T:
ronald2048
138149401213823994381383319319
T:
sphincss256harakarobust
178644010717864894951786653541
T:
rainbow1a
186716315818688582141869071931
T:
bluegemss192v2
191329263619232858081932016378
T:
bluegemss128
2585756738?3840481744?5540917990?
T:
ronald3072
453517050145540817704570982187
T:
gui184
472486094747326493044735809735
T:
redgemss256v2
535939384653946040815412825613
T:
redgemss192
642073056264212260656423344657
T:
rainbow1c
742583019774593616027470551246
T:
bluegemss192
797966336581950140788467510957
T:
pqrsa15
6684102283?10402202181?14329096155?
T:
ronald4096
144022545291440308065314403893206
T:
rainbow1b
150303624911507640181115138163227
T:
redgemss256
166153055871661721591316619199060
T:
rainbow4a
197605666541982935430519860931941
T:
bluegemss256
Cycles to sign 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
326343283032998
T:
rainbowbinary256181212
396413984340111
T:
tts6440
717847296175836
T:
rainbowbinary16242020
876968852691092
T:
rainbow5640
103433103610104000ed25519
148354151095157070
T:
rainbow6440
183548184194185335
T:
sflashv2
207702208609209970
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
246841247993250543
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
310748311151312311
T:
ecdonaldp256
342288342990344696
T:
ed448goldilocks
429690430058433752
T:
ecdonaldp224
135741?446213?983776?
T:
3icp
502252506908510513
T:
donald512
786955790554877767
T:
rainbow1a
814395829273841000
T:
ronald512
982315986087991026
T:
donald1024
608391?998897?2104713?
T:
qtesla1
104702510495271054384
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
104627610518551066869
T:
falcon512tree
105128810555521065504
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
642101?1276327?1943061?
T:
pass769
151260115323471545590
T:
ronald768
1101991?1543620?2214594?dilithium2
778773?1549202?2361990?
T:
pass863
733670?1562010?2754904?
T:
qtesla3f
156482816032391626623
T:
ecdonaldp160
170137517150081727576
T:
rwb0fuz1024
1307064?1751005?2441153?dilithium2aes
174362417518851760858
T:
falcon512dyn
179483718106651817991
T:
donald2048
187526618894241914277
T:
ecdonaldp192
199922020062332029406
T:
edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3
204230020548382073586
T:
ronald1024
208172020962682111759
T:
falcon1024tree
215571121582012160132
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
225749122583842261289
T:
ecdonaldp521
230407923155792325376
T:
ecdonaldk163
238939323959222403077
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
242315624343792444629
T:
ecdonaldb163
247578924768402542860
T:
rainbow1c
1701628?2506210?3825392?dilithium3
252942825360782541508
T:
rainbow4a
308114630850403089217
T:
ecdonaldk233
2012976?3176456?4754136?
T:
qtesla1p
322816332359333244745
T:
ecdonaldb233
2554773?3585347?4563329?dilithium5
357336835867283601077
T:
falcon1024dyn
2607563?3811045?5346570?dilithium3aes
2004796?4606511?7438123?
T:
qtesla3s
4195766?5060014?6722514?dilithium5aes
507515050795915088354
T:
edons128ref
511573151181215122616
T:
rainbow1b
587834659194675949446
T:
ronald1536
611094061763396299975
T:
ecdonaldk283
656297365822616613659
T:
ecdonaldb283
746931975090347577961
T:
ecdonaldp384
974878797875359869952
T:
ronald2048
110986891110695411119785
T:
luov863256
9069061?12531243?19643896?
T:
qtesla3p
128455581287208512928285
T:
ecdonaldk409
141244371417741314230241
T:
ecdonaldb409
176813481768878617720214picnicl1full
192107211922642119430242
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
223506402245999222473496picnicl1fs
269053992698017927026509
T:
ronald3072
272303802726624127303742
T:
ecdonaldk571
299648602997571329983613picnicl1ur
304207733057107030882139
T:
ecdonaldb571
336604343367174633701341picnicl3full
376847233775118037778850
T:
luov890351
517811195186385352003691picnicl3fs
532265185324723753263808picnicl5full
546826525471492454843263
T:
luov4849242
49305722?57648786?68987399?
T:
redgemss128
578702555797369958093614
T:
ronald4096
667117946681964867071850
T:
luov8117404
709028537118020771218566
T:
mqdss48
738692867426668774338888picnicl3ur
891245808913443889144163picnicl5fs
914168649150584791528039picnic3l1
69609854?95964860?112790512?
T:
redgemss128v2
119822678119842460119994761picnicl5ur
121646667121922164122491213
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
106680426?148609137?168024788?
T:
redgemss192
157453413157545690157602348
T:
luov6468330
167447709?199887834?229361321?
T:
redgemss256
206659193206768676206824784picnic3l3
224261970224593856226939360
T:
mqdss64
260881337261249253263003571
T:
pqrsa15
291827655292093116292344557
T:
sphincs256
249260054?313871351?353669333?
T:
redgemss192v2
321218323322550142323173018
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
330519707330716364330820573picnic3l5
346945222347141215347292283
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
369277588370064135371146564
T:
luov8086399
353473736?422413354?490368380?
T:
redgemss256v2
428116205428293744428628189
T:
picnic2l1fs
440051962440307666440492706
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
442144194442992100443315644
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
512241059512580469512879722
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
629745492630280524630964855
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
765958996766710790767248395
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
826138457826462257826957112
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
940829402941203822941712721
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
970618995970815064972207285
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
123283248812335512301234075518
T:
picnic2l3fs
127064114412712392451271877182
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
176492088417654882661765878766
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
226259935422632382442263861021
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
1444131672?2550565019?4687438554?
T:
gui184
264172228426429918482643720145
T:
picnic2l5fs
2402871594?2887592796?3368459794?
T:
bluegemss128
2942905081?3531883331?4707908796?
T:
bluegemss128v2
523444695652345828995234739184
T:
sphincss128shake256simple
710656035071075980177108299241
T:
sphincss128harakasimple
6167099273?7404730186?9865130354?
T:
bluegemss192
810150191381016913788102053565
T:
sphincss256shake256simple
932560625693259394559326358520
T:
sphincss128shake256robust
7836486535?9399762026?10971780417?
T:
bluegemss256
109916429441099184897810998641379
T:
sphincss192shake256simple
9164097102?10993084988?12839275499?
T:
bluegemss192v2
113058721151130694894111307481575
T:
sphincss256harakasimple
120480315581204949805012051046069
T:
sphincss128harakarobust
145299065211453021687014530491904
T:
sphincss256shake256robust
158579161891586216243015863466068
T:
sphincss192harakasimple
191164846641912852741019153832799
T:
sphincss192shake256robust
199206489891992182071619935193032
T:
sphincss256harakarobust
Cycles to verify 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
124901268212927
T:
rwb0fuz1024
297382984430373
T:
rainbowbinary256181212
350583529639072
T:
3icp
469484747847752
T:
rainbow5640
480234858452647
T:
ronald512
544685496455535
T:
ronald768
591005969360046
T:
tts6440
613626269563510
T:
rainbowbinary16242020
619766332664028
T:
rainbow6440
658846626366842
T:
ronald1024
700947129373024
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
963879684797338
T:
ronald1536
138602139324140808
T:
ronald2048
152471152761153075
T:
sflashv2
154628156699157409
T:
falcon512tree
199788201789202262
T:
falcon512dyn
236775237094238523
T:
qtesla1
253651254725255816
T:
ronald3072
312089315585318867
T:
donald512
321907324121324986
T:
falcon1024tree
366340368996372032ed25519
379123381842383935
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
414506415577417505
T:
ronald4096
406851420252438733
T:
redgemss128v2
418327420633422567
T:
falcon1024dyn
433822449250458816
T:
gui184
480701481873484446dilithium2
489903490583491520
T:
qtesla3f
503616518424529973
T:
bluegemss128v2
517425518521520725
T:
rainbow1a
556723557313558569
T:
qtesla3s
705260708867712803
T:
ecdonaldp256
735471738422740115
T:
edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3
769998771327772822dilithium3
768125771597775419
T:
ecdonaldp224
771529779725784219
T:
donald1024
838005841162843874
T:
pass769
903424908450914405dilithium2aes
100016310029061005546
T:
pass863
112101811263891129742
T:
ed448goldilocks
109748711759081240919
T:
redgemss192v2
120608412079581211213
T:
qtesla1p
125996412612011263092dilithium5
132193513316681337134
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
139593113979111401914
T:
edons128ref
145495414725761495293
T:
ecdonaldp160
151130815541051595297
T:
bluegemss192v2
155680115616441569291dilithium3aes
169862517121881734690
T:
ecdonaldp192
188087918871831893986
T:
rainbow4a
210060221078052124587
T:
donald2048
214395421510762160450
T:
rainbow1c
274653827514662759473dilithium5aes
289983029666413021007
T:
redgemss256v2
365347236819353735327
T:
sphincs256
417990441815114184971
T:
ecdonaldp521
447231844880754511916
T:
ecdonaldk163
469322847063194731152
T:
ecdonaldb163
540034754026095403320
T:
rainbow1b
582528658362945848615
T:
qtesla3p
575308759011206007537
T:
sphincss128shake256simple
595914459802905993895
T:
ecdonaldk233
595064959821926014235
T:
ecdonaldp384
625700062626466274445
T:
ecdonaldb233
742443075006297656279
T:
sphincss128harakasimple
851822486651078724422
T:
sphincss192shake256simple
916895392150759239017
T:
luov863256
108114841104099911188455
T:
sphincss192harakasimple
109594161117453211359679
T:
sphincss256shake256simple
112555821126926311390738
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
112622151130885411484494
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
111667971159544811882260
T:
sphincss128shake256robust
119419541199189812067093
T:
ecdonaldk283
126992221277186812779946picnicl1full
129590631298980113032298
T:
ecdonaldb283
137289781394424114305242
T:
sphincss128harakarobust
139186961406538814316331
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
152441921547017615556211
T:
sphincss256harakasimple
166499421695996917218364
T:
sphincss192shake256robust
169649331718364417439558
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
172617401727952417354153picnicl1fs
211565372157848121860973
T:
sphincss256shake256robust
222436142243885822542216
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
225071562265309322833840
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
227330352285126922867106picnicl1ur
244564192446335224474147picnicl3full
252571092530418625372180
T:
ecdonaldk409
264806082675401526983564
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
272266942758850928154286
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
278942932795791128045224
T:
ecdonaldb409
282102302858754428989027
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
288714262909746529357007
T:
sphincss256harakarobust
318040253214033632728371
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
328039303293259933286320
T:
bluegemss128
330411693306159333081316
T:
luov890351
335614023359650233633562
T:
pqrsa15
340953543507617336550479
T:
redgemss128
359055863594376436290075
T:
luov4849242
391273313916948939263317picnicl5full
413035044135290241414363picnicl3fs
429755374346776744045868
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
440237504452720444818780
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
509065415129726951596081
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
515720865192230952671090
T:
mqdss48
536169245379233953948552
T:
ecdonaldk571
535602415396923954650106
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
571136945714644157422993picnicl3ur
582228205837838658735517
T:
luov8117404
600199216059747960998770
T:
ecdonaldb571
678697836800690168240936
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
679801446829284668943431
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
716561517167984971819983picnicl5fs
773199117740252277462048picnic3l1
967072599676910296986753picnicl5ur
972175759729319197344760
T:
luov6468330
9762489298454075102794351
T:
bluegemss192
9935426999621720100056712
T:
redgemss192
154339152154833251155366705
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
154799529155413213156099260
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
165609999166997566168908607
T:
mqdss64
172279210172324736172415288picnic3l3
185401079185740530186570116
T:
bluegemss256
189995688190250308190620421
T:
redgemss256
211638918211773141211938078
T:
picnic2l1fs
218696645218804594219462938
T:
luov8086399
261619383261824913262045690picnic3l5
480652294480959308481332253
T:
picnic2l3fs
854793745855611169855996501
T:
picnic2l5fs