VAMPIRE

eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems


ECRYPT II
General information:IntroductioneBASHeBASCeBAEADeBATSSUPERCOPXBXComputersArch
How to submit new software:Tipshashstreamaeaddhkemencryptsign
List of primitives measured:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
Measurements:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
List of subroutines:verifydecodeencodesortcorehashblocksxofscalarmult

Measurements of public-key signature systems on one machine: amd64; K10 32nm (300f10); 2011 AMD A6-3650; 4 x 2600MHz; hydra4, supercop-20240625

[Page version: 20240726 23:45:48]

eBATS (ECRYPT Benchmarking of Asymmetric Systems) is a project to measure the performance of public-key systems. This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS for public-key signature systems:

For signature systems that support "message recovery", the space for a signature on a long message is shorter than the space for a signature on a short message.

Each table row lists the first quartile of many speed measurements, the median of many speed measurements, the third quartile of many speed measurements, and the name of the primitive. Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks. The symbol T: (starting with supercop-20200816) means that the SUPERCOP database at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time as a goal for this implementation. The symbol T!!! means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation, but that the implementation failed TIMECOP. (TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues; they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)

There is a separate page with more information about each signature system and each implementation. Designers and implementors interested in submitting new signature systems and new implementations of existing signature systems should read the call for submissions.


Implementation notes

Graphs: old (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

NISTPQC graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

Measurement failures: ntrumls401x, ntrumls439x, ntrumls593x, ntrumls743x, qtesla128, qtesla192, qtesla256

Cycles to generate a key pair
25%50%75%system
661966326662picnicl1full
672267716849picnic3l1
963996849745picnicl3full
962797089748picnic3l3
129751299313109picnic3l5
130381307113138picnicl5full
138711388913921picnicl1ur
139171394114023picnicl1fs
139821401214173
T:
picnic2l1fs
277682780227845picnicl3ur
279382803828161
T:
picnic2l3fs
312653131631904picnicl3fs
361983637136594picnicl5fs
363213641136670
T:
picnic2l5fs
363963651336789picnicl5ur
672186728167464ed25519
178779179599180479
T:
ecdonaldp256
202198202462204283
T:
donald512
262158262828264047
T:
ecdonaldp224
300526301117303909
T:
ed448goldilocks
444788445087445891T!!!dilithium2
530435531104534207
T:
donald1024
531502534589538372
T:
pass769
643542647953652725
T:
pass863
808020809415810213T!!!dilithium3
950087956400980594
T:
edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3
966178968422971961T!!!dilithium2aes
109942111111311122532
T:
ecdonaldp160
111836611194251121023
T:
ecdonaldp521
126664112682391269445T!!!dilithium5
131043413181831322342
T:
ecdonaldp192
138391913955751411239
T:
donald2048
147716614787671481289
T:
mqdss48
175072017593951765910T!!!dilithium3aes
194619619494081952833
T:
ecdonaldk163
885682?2032559?2435429?haetae2
203954020431882062323
T:
ecdonaldb163
1948056?2545967?3210941?
T:
qtesla1
261074726280312643783
T:
ecdonaldk233
284663028523532873479
T:
ecdonaldb233
297309929799262988199T!!!dilithium5aes
300085730081653013190
T:
edons128ref
342958634312983433794
T:
mqdss64
2731931?4055993?6486582?haetae3
3390056?4524137?9676327?haetae5
477579447827284787989
T:
ecdonaldp384
552248955822625600345
T:
ecdonaldk283
3862319?5644480?7449502?
T:
qtesla3f
594145559494275971956
T:
ecdonaldb283
8998890?10204470?12550281?
T:
qtesla1p
110339241103456311035950
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
116077061169083911794150
T:
ecdonaldk409
129302781304885413149766
T:
ecdonaldb409
133900901339641313399656
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
9525734?14128813?18760929?
T:
qtesla3s
153667991536879015390090
T:
sphincs256
161500201615174116156440
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
197591071976740019768867
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
15940334?20986155?33523228?
T:
rwb0fuz1024
210018762100344921005450
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
223517362236301722518094
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
249088932495501725089515
T:
luov4849242
249731032514453525352770
T:
ecdonaldk571
277780722780392927843295
T:
ecdonaldb571
309621173096563130972600
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
292475203124520935306902
T:
falcon512tree
291941693144659836277029
T:
falcon512dyn
315111783164740532009261
T:
luov863256
333422393337116833475413
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
367401393676706936784700
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
393872403945074539685807
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
398301723999753740073005
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
422279564222942542231447
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
38451213?48912039?59206279?
T:
qtesla3p
33259358?52417049?81008233?
T:
ronald512
526332275264177552649729
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
715353177171357471992215
T:
luov6468330
801154568011998480124472
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
880617698824528688629113
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
8890854192100051101542812
T:
falcon1024tree
8891849794054361109074480
T:
falcon1024dyn
55214424?109726978?172339416?
T:
ronald768
124166798124363507124917171
T:
luov890351
142883598143520779144036843
T:
luov8086399
98528413?147733179?247441267?
T:
ronald1024
165774255165917315165979953mqsignlr2567246
215932461216221197216530396
T:
luov8117404
225257090225602329225829875mqsignrr2567246
351482857351831470353568389
T:
sphincss128shake256simple
355087792355878160356332522
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
397783453398241313399976556
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
425234271425424738427893211
T:
sphincss128harakasimple
452468757452573946452695563
T:
sflashv2
497083665497132627497394066
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
290719369?497231143?720011643?
T:
ronald1536
520937207522421079527366046
T:
sphincss192shake256simple
629097836629331537629378469
T:
sphincss192harakasimple
636593046636968445637416882mqsignlr25611272
653857837653987356654072670
T:
redgemss128v2
673100836673764088677493724
T:
sphincss128shake256robust
678106211680665856687532368
T:
sphincss256shake256simple
430117772?711572010?1079063435?
T:
ronald2048
714543700714732260715305682
T:
sphincss128harakarobust
840462268840595092840859567
T:
sphincss256harakasimple
869499063870691898873291184mqsignrr25611272
990997517991018366992367209
T:
sphincss192shake256robust
101087382310131392321013988117
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
113432269311351912881135943824
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
127742278412778055061278597167
T:
sphincss256shake256robust
131982942013201068581320294936
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
140712777714112151401411430935
T:
sphincss256harakarobust
143358731914402710691447137315
T:
redgemss128
156614812315674584621568602487mqsignlr25614896
173671326217368685531737205032
T:
bluegemss128v2
193824703419388288961940069437
T:
rainbow1a
202051885020300296352060246911
T:
bluegemss128
210521108221068850202108576733mqsignrr25614896
1579079710?2919230315?4643134345?
T:
ronald3072
334532358933495001203351020343
T:
redgemss192v2
468773906146970441814718075747
T:
gui184
528576158653095651275352835920
T:
redgemss192
3201180066?5522492488?10016608531?
T:
ronald4096
571407673458440315956029383244
T:
pqrsa15
730764202673369577987365157085
T:
bluegemss192
744383753274488509827453133697
T:
rainbow1c
101798930091018278909410185008793
T:
redgemss256v2
137570611611385636704913935624231
T:
redgemss256
158302799261583149775015832478280
T:
rainbow1b
174689236801748741766217494973550
T:
rainbow4a
181034498701815216267118407599596
T:
bluegemss256
Cycles to sign 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
718707201172118ed25519
224179225137225792
T:
sflashv2
243483244225247236
T:
ecdonaldp256
310745311352313629
T:
ed448goldilocks
352949354447356208
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
354290355734356763
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
363158366529368021
T:
ecdonaldp224
380489382910384937
T:
donald512
604511612402621534
T:
ronald512
664209?668136?1323837?
T:
pass769
714045717017724821
T:
donald1024
805503806592816277
T:
rainbow1a
471468?873740?1563539?
T:
qtesla1
994088994700996710mqsignlr2567246
107962810962671103204
T:
falcon512tree
111566111248711135155
T:
ronald768
114994011531771158754
T:
ecdonaldp160
122080612298501235905
T:
rwb0fuz1024
895076?1315212?2029380?T!!!dilithium2
136904813781661380947
T:
ecdonaldp192
138726613956201405245
T:
donald2048
148963415033491521495
T:
ronald1024
799881?1629686?2421207?
T:
pass863
723082?1695733?2916971?
T:
qtesla3f
171219417154821720803
T:
ecdonaldp521
171935117315411742640
T:
falcon512dyn
174368817441611745665mqsignrr2567246
201307220184742022041
T:
ecdonaldk163
206061820665032080340
T:
edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3
211225821162402120301
T:
ecdonaldb163
219107822041002214892
T:
falcon1024tree
1926353?2399075?4427755?T!!!dilithium3
242631824267962427800
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
254787925484972549439
T:
rainbow4a
265160426525372655132mqsignlr25611272
272084027345052790225
T:
ecdonaldk233
278251227833502787179
T:
rainbow1c
1804822?2797676?3309437?T!!!dilithium2aes
1366188?2798886?4375388?
T:
qtesla1p
288411628881632895227
T:
ecdonaldb233
307632330768233077806
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
350906535360543557385
T:
falcon1024dyn
1973016?3618895?6334888?
T:
qtesla3s
2833220?3927595?5888336?T!!!dilithium5
397477039984354020938
T:
ronald1536
2838986?4267597?6776234?T!!!dilithium3aes
433451943392124341946mqsignrr25611272
2500497?4701688?6937313?haetae2
479029147975254806312
T:
edons128ref
512252651247515127368
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
528271353036815323160
T:
ecdonaldp384
547194254736795478133
T:
rainbow1b
552380655323995535341mqsignlr25614896
567902157133615769995
T:
ecdonaldk283
4709238?5788704?7564652?T!!!dilithium5aes
609812461075966118376
T:
ecdonaldb283
637924263828776389302
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
681025268319446856184
T:
ronald2048
851777385206698528240mqsignrr25614896
5512038?8871936?13989352?haetae3
4732165?8899077?15100913?haetae5
908097091034619107388picnicl1full
103547301037753610392854
T:
luov863256
5814147?10650081?19927402?
T:
qtesla3p
118610791192246112059630
T:
ecdonaldk409
124408371246781612515892picnicl1fs
132319691325999013301207
T:
ecdonaldb409
157609451577922115794749picnicl1ur
180164041811943118132468picnicl3full
187696641879970018841382
T:
ronald3072
228621442291420023083877
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
255122002557962825659571
T:
ecdonaldk571
284611522848564028530234
T:
ecdonaldb571
295787062958875129603346picnicl5full
314026033142242631436138picnicl3fs
377943753780542037836068
T:
luov890351
396829053972885239795296
T:
ronald4096
404828554050741540519953picnicl3ur
432886974330914843412391picnic3l1
533333165337185453406123picnicl5fs
537038425377196853885429
T:
luov4849242
47949052?58026156?69747558?
T:
redgemss128
626406026273625263074451
T:
luov8117404
664588536649532966523313picnicl5ur
870163998702661487031450
T:
mqdss48
975099609779481197866216picnic3l3
109955064?129650299?149492942?
T:
redgemss192
133088779?160936271?196773593?
T:
redgemss256
162435266162581982162787596picnic3l5
168828199169488401170315727
T:
luov6468330
181876029182085065182361157
T:
pqrsa15
215005562215180183216197249
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
279385915279418832279527766
T:
mqdss64
285566274285805105285865885
T:
sphincs256
349032847349208949349343188
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
362030145362817611363269954
T:
luov8086399
431479813431653358432514959
T:
picnic2l1fs
440739199441136061442261188
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
493809152494164004494386056
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
446245097?535028718?619961378?
T:
redgemss128v2
574584779575069851578628849
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
586839737587484001589053879
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
631608424631844087632272554
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
804193471804910403805320969
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
830493920831021591831449144
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
966921952967349152969047863
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
979756154980366602982720800
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
129349822612946656551297833195
T:
picnic2l3fs
142944976614297287541430054024
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
1424656228?1717133308?2275413957?
T:
redgemss192v2
177321183917744739771775867656
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
237385269923755148832375977644
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
273530108727358588202736707573
T:
picnic2l5fs
2371746374?2872200392?3363091344?
T:
bluegemss128
1620717715?3646545827?7697801623?
T:
gui184
3186993178?3838915874?4548706026?
T:
redgemss256v2
524326218552466025775254756188
T:
sphincss128shake256simple
4736366737?7055167490?8223946710?
T:
bluegemss192
790667438079076408447932586774
T:
sphincss128harakasimple
8080980379?8096074189?11320709073?
T:
bluegemss128v2
814860623681602762108216652506
T:
sphincss256shake256simple
936325532394500336349460590826
T:
sphincss128shake256robust
8772877325?10238979859?11706533721?
T:
bluegemss256
110259525371103925002511155968121
T:
sphincss192shake256simple
127191266111273913566612744412672
T:
sphincss256harakasimple
127715986331277351939712774242927
T:
sphincss128harakarobust
145526535481455419417614564063786
T:
sphincss256shake256robust
176871074971769232326817719050401
T:
sphincss192harakasimple
191660185271916842994019192001714
T:
sphincss192shake256robust
210567971082108901782421110941843
T:
sphincss256harakarobust
Cycles to verify 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
106121084211000
T:
rwb0fuz1024
415864172341917
T:
ronald512
442404515345601
T:
ronald768
527045389154401
T:
ronald1024
690016948870829
T:
ronald1536
857768730989375
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
927699364494540
T:
ronald2048
128335130236130921
T:
falcon512tree
155660155973156408
T:
ronald3072
159930161801162548
T:
falcon512dyn
207369207840208379
T:
qtesla1
234521236100236925
T:
donald512
242943243563243804
T:
sflashv2
245306245878246196
T:
ronald4096
256445257703258713ed25519
261118263006264098
T:
falcon1024tree
281948289999296215
T:
redgemss128v2
288660295088302166
T:
bluegemss128v2
295282302261307423
T:
gui184
331104331730332604haetae2
331283332791333816
T:
falcon1024dyn
366458368627370777
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
472334473063475100
T:
qtesla3f
510624511786512757
T:
ecdonaldp256
517008517376518442T!!!dilithium2
532435533033554109
T:
qtesla3s
544288546490554070
T:
donald1024
576093576790578900
T:
rainbow1a
602156603440605458haetae3
674419678249681065
T:
ecdonaldp224
737490740054741084haetae5
765106769153810900
T:
edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3
787864803456825970
T:
redgemss192v2
847988850677855774
T:
pass769
862564870449875543
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
850598880765884765T!!!dilithium3
948685950631954723T!!!dilithium2aes
990517994447998369
T:
ed448goldilocks
100443710074011010337
T:
pass863
111392011202771129675
T:
ecdonaldp160
117706011793801185448
T:
qtesla1p
127503812886701298081
T:
ecdonaldp192
138154913959381398434T!!!dilithium5
162053516319401645202
T:
donald2048
163096716353311641801
T:
edons128ref
165990116612631662170mqsignrr2567246
167545416765431677517mqsignlr2567246
167320816858131703684T!!!dilithium3aes
180486918322941877723
T:
redgemss256v2
242378124300062444819
T:
rainbow4a
243307224349382436451
T:
rainbow1c
296031629780962989638T!!!dilithium5aes
316664831838083188688
T:
ecdonaldp521
356329336004213644827
T:
sphincs256
390807039129973915893
T:
ecdonaldk163
407606040769924077786mqsignrr25611272
410260741181814127438
T:
ecdonaldb163
413887541398184141282mqsignlr25611272
425245842734094291228
T:
ecdonaldp384
519723952170455241950
T:
qtesla3p
529126753627355382221
T:
ecdonaldk233
560780356184895632349
T:
ecdonaldb233
574935658243485930885
T:
sphincss128shake256simple
584801658486505849855
T:
rainbow1b
698638169932326999658picnicl1full
789165279497807951565mqsignrr25614896
787855579713367975723mqsignlr25614896
843293685879258780401
T:
sphincss128harakasimple
847180086147028751249
T:
luov863256
846612786485708792393
T:
sphincss192shake256simple
877530588926938912660
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
880044689153858957570
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
102357581023990810291029picnicl1fs
111921891123729711293615
T:
ecdonaldk283
110222721124418311435034
T:
sphincss256shake256simple
114150311163510912012987
T:
sphincss128shake256robust
120063991201767312045354
T:
ecdonaldb283
124985471266273712839072
T:
sphincss192harakasimple
127698861277368412780178picnicl1ur
139579631406652614285420
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
141970271422606814238365picnicl3full
144123891469135715138855
T:
sphincss128harakarobust
166603801702432617294051
T:
sphincss192shake256robust
176387681779803318030753
T:
sphincss256harakasimple
194187591976906819888888
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
215920402175236622017711
T:
sphincss256shake256robust
222079102244222722648498
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
223193192253726422902006
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
235537792356644923588816picnicl5full
234625632357516023642450
T:
ecdonaldk409
258750512591831226110853
T:
pqrsa15
263601742643732826517008
T:
ecdonaldb409
265708312658490226598324picnicl3fs
274272422786500428168072
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
304622713069642930957367
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
306367653104009331306774
T:
sphincss256harakarobust
328044893280655532815068
T:
luov890351
326008083296901533240524
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
335169083353228833560360picnicl3ur
333046803374213834034341
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
344283243448594034554371picnic3l1
354557413549144435625513
T:
luov4849242
362581093938545439754803
T:
bluegemss128
399088784092984041521912
T:
redgemss128
434906764404035144553915
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
438968634418416244640796
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
454664004552320045579245picnicl5fs
511537325132199651460568
T:
ecdonaldk571
532206515332974353429666
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
523550415350224755790840
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
534290955388350254294506
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
546110195486759854932706
T:
luov8117404
554924775553522655601968picnicl5ur
562620015631087556372064
T:
ecdonaldb571
566195985709560457445951
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
634797566436912364956913
T:
mqdss48
775661127773886777778752picnic3l3
918381949200743692199349
T:
luov6468330
913243479268588699370078
T:
bluegemss192
932093319359583093972892
T:
redgemss192
119960838120505538121078403
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
121232018122382280123550798
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
122832583122949026123065874picnic3l5
151665002152229386182950522
T:
bluegemss256
156032780156536028157628438
T:
redgemss256
180756596180885448181157097
T:
picnic2l1fs
197767899198002068198140055
T:
luov8086399
205337188208248233209594367
T:
mqdss64
422064760422379877423160316
T:
picnic2l3fs
758401895758746016759256582
T:
picnic2l5fs