Measurements of public-key signature systems on one machine: amd64; Ivy Bridge+AES (306a9); 2012 Intel Core i5-3210M; 2 x 2500MHz; h9ivy, supercop-20251222
[Page version: 20260120 12:53:36]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key signature systems:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to sign a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to open a signed short message,
i.e., to verify a (larger) signed message and recover the original short message.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Space for a signature on a 0-byte message.
- Space for a signature on a 23-byte message:
i.e.,
the signed-message length minus 23 bytes.
- Space for a signature on a long message:
i.e.,
the signed-message length minus the message length.
For signature systems that support "message recovery",
the space for a signature on a long message
is shorter than the space for a signature on a short message.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements,
the median of many speed measurements,
the third quartile of many speed measurements, and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each signature system and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new signature systems
and new implementations of existing signature systems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
old
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(smcycles,sbytes)
(mcycles,pkbytes)
(mcycles,sbytes)
(pkbytes,sbytes)
NISTPQC graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(smcycles,sbytes)
(mcycles,pkbytes)
(mcycles,sbytes)
(pkbytes,sbytes)
Measurement failures: ntrumls401x, ntrumls439x, ntrumls593x, ntrumls743x, qtesla128, qtesla192, qtesla256
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 32687 | 32746 | 32852 | T: lattisigns512 |
| 47746 | 48154 | 48644 | crossrsdpg128small |
| 47883 | 48187 | 48981 | crossrsdpg128fast |
| 48074 | 48381 | 49092 | crossrsdpg128balanced |
| 65760 | 66054 | 66761 | ed25519 |
| 101513 | 101992 | 102282 | crossrsdpg192balanced |
| 101875 | 102172 | 102425 | crossrsdpg192small |
| 102140 | 102495 | 103284 | crossrsdpg192fast |
| 103267 | 105371 | 128191 | T: ecdonaldp256 |
| 105427 | 105705 | 106034 | crossrsdp128balanced |
| 105363 | 105752 | 106111 | crossrsdp128small |
| 106577 | 106910 | 107172 | crossrsdp128fast |
| 109804 | 110264 | 111637 | aimer128f |
| 110806 | 110902 | 111021 | aimer128s |
| 181851 | 182226 | 187639 | T: ecdonaldp224 |
| 182266 | 183157 | 183906 | crossrsdpg256balanced |
| 182945 | 184175 | 185136 | crossrsdpg256fast |
| 183650 | 184489 | 185737 | crossrsdpg256small |
| 207383 | 207721 | 208253 | T: ed448goldilocks |
| 241879 | 242262 | 242888 | crossrsdp192balanced |
| 242033 | 242390 | 243386 | crossrsdp192small |
| 243548 | 243802 | 244025 | crossrsdp192fast |
| 257718 | 257879 | 259321 | aimer192f |
| 258205 | 258897 | 259802 | aimer192s |
| 278639 | 289493 | 291980 | T: hector |
| 348029 | 348307 | 348941 | T!!!dilithium2 |
| 355362 | 358665 | 360604 | nccsign1 |
| 417720 | 418768 | 420178 | T: pass769 |
| 427470 | 428043 | 428418 | crossrsdp256small |
| 427507 | 428146 | 428680 | crossrsdp256balanced |
| 434513 | 435082 | 435961 | crossrsdp256fast |
| 463160 | 465586 | 468272 | nccsign3 |
| 514349 | 516492 | 518368 | T: pass863 |
| 546514 | 554114 | 560473 | nccsign1aes |
| 617334 | 618117 | 618838 | aimer256s |
| 620530 | 621491 | 623100 | aimer256f |
| 644158 | 644938 | 646858 | T!!!dilithium3 |
| 646100 | 647802 | 674051 | mqom2cat1gf256fastr3 |
| 646583 | 648529 | 670010 | mqom2cat1gf256fastr5 |
| 717741 | 718699 | 719630 | T: sphincsf128harakasimple |
| 717464 | 722519 | 726907 | nccsign3aes |
| 723569 | 725862 | 729742 | T: donald1024 |
| 735067 | 739086 | 741339 | nccsign5 |
| 740564 | 743525 | 749578 | T!!!dilithium2aes |
| 857658 | 859132 | 866015 | T: sphincsf128harakarobust |
| 883778 | 887461 | 891288 | T: edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3 |
| 895931 | 902184 | 905729 | T: ecdonaldp160 |
| 919933 | 922417 | 927000 | T: ecdonaldp521 |
| 944498 | 946691 | 951857 | T: ecdonaldp384 |
| 993194 | 994107 | 995385 | T!!!dilithium5 |
| 1006583 | 1007261 | 1010033 | mqom2cat1gf256shortr3 |
| 1005917 | 1007976 | 1009905 | mqom2cat1gf256shortr5 |
| 1011749 | 1015571 | 1023063 | T: ecdonaldk163 |
| 1021367 | 1022083 | 1023393 | T: sphincsf192harakasimple |
| 1043205 | 1045705 | 1049174 | T: ecdonaldb163 |
| 1048132 | 1050444 | 1052075 | T: mqdss48 |
| 1084200 | 1087541 | 1092543 | T: ecdonaldp192 |
| 1104598 | 1113723 | 1117893 | nccsign5aes |
| 1296089 | 1296402 | 1297383 | T: sphincsf192harakarobust |
| 1318757 | 1332075 | 1351170 | T: donald2048 |
| 1356058 | 1360137 | 1363601 | T!!!dilithium3aes |
| 1376303 | 1381086 | 1385972 | T: ecdonaldk233 |
| 1416761 | 1418238 | 1422579 | T: ecdonaldb233 |
| 951832? | 1474629? | 3214614? | haetae2 |
| 862558? | 1631156? | 2242276? | haetae5 |
| 1873758 | 1876238 | 1879620 | mqom2cat1gf2shortr3 |
| 1877603 | 1879925 | 1882726 | mqom2cat1gf2shortr5 |
| 1051059? | 1922439? | 4233028? | haetae3 |
| 1598475? | 2099060? | 2654760? | T: qtesla1 |
| 2139577 | 2141976 | 2144548 | mqom2cat1gf2fastr3 |
| 2141584 | 2146993 | 2161577 | mqom2cat1gf2fastr5 |
| 2262988 | 2267290 | 2272934 | T!!!dilithium5aes |
| 2403621 | 2404110 | 2405846 | mqom2cat1gf16shortr5 |
| 2404449 | 2405945 | 2409091 | mqom2cat1gf16shortr3 |
| 2413401 | 2421241 | 2433681 | T: ecdonaldk283 |
| 2447152 | 2448876 | 2450876 | T: mqdss64 |
| 2548091 | 2554078 | 2563146 | T: ecdonaldb283 |
| 2594212 | 2595566 | 2598126 | mqom2cat1gf16fastr5 |
| 2596241 | 2597481 | 2606538 | mqom2cat1gf16fastr3 |
| 2597039 | 2598682 | 2605912 | mqom2cat3gf256fastr5 |
| 2676032 | 2681168 | 2684607 | T: sphincsf256harakasimple |
| 2752246 | 2759972 | 2771279 | T: edons128ref |
| 2596452 | 2784098 | 2788037 | mqom2cat3gf256fastr3 |
| 3318163 | 3339487 | 3343314 | mqom2cat3gf256shortr3 |
| 3448723 | 3455771 | 3458499 | T: sphincsf256harakarobust |
| 3474489 | 3627669 | 3631242 | mqom2cat3gf256shortr5 |
| 4289256 | 4295788 | 4302864 | T: ecdonaldk409 |
| 4589310 | 4594234 | 4601022 | T: ecdonaldb409 |
| 4586095 | 4870556 | 4887491 | mqom2cat5gf256fastr3 |
| 4621592 | 4877251 | 4889745 | mqom2cat5gf256fastr5 |
| 3502296? | 5131717? | 5171727? | T: qtesla3f |
| 5769951 | 5772568 | 5773251 | T: sphincsf128sha256simple |
| 6628160 | 6667672 | 6905253 | mqom2cat5gf256shortr5 |
| 5216440? | 6882642? | 8572336? | T: qtesla3s |
| 6613028 | 6927805 | 6942774 | mqom2cat5gf256shortr3 |
| 8462241 | 8470793 | 8473804 | T: sphincsf192sha256simple |
| 8477799 | 8478312 | 8479447 | T: sphincsf128shake256simple |
| 8503923 | 8512976 | 8631841 | mqom2cat3gf16shortr3 |
| 8607345 | 8618338 | 8625768 | mqom2cat3gf16shortr5 |
| 9078800 | 9090421 | 9220984 | mqom2cat3gf16fastr5 |
| 9073582 | 9117975 | 9184317 | mqom2cat3gf16fastr3 |
| 7222907? | 9134276? | 10164835? | T: qtesla1p |
| 9270724 | 9312517 | 9339465 | T: ecdonaldk571 |
| 9565252 | 9575206 | 9603886 | T: 3icp |
| 10049146 | 10056285 | 10108568 | T: ecdonaldb571 |
| 10712676 | 10714629 | 10717660 | T: sphincs256 |
| 10388627 | 10828085 | 11026281 | mqom2cat3gf2shortr3 |
| 10854811 | 10890690 | 10915123 | mqom2cat3gf2shortr5 |
| 11182732 | 11185541 | 11193599 | T: sphincsf128sha256robust |
| 11613405 | 11624411 | 11704659 | mqom2cat3gf2fastr3 |
| 11089298 | 11691961 | 11834896 | mqom2cat3gf2fastr5 |
| 12466698 | 12470711 | 12476640 | T: sphincsf192shake256simple |
| 12961746 | 12996459 | 13042186 | T: rainbowbinary256181212 |
| 16064620 | 16066242 | 16068278 | T: sphincsf128shake256robust |
| 16497296 | 16498147 | 16499327 | T: sphincsf192sha256robust |
| 18580201 | 18641055 | 19519803 | mqom2cat5gf2shortr3 |
| 19453324 | 19494024 | 19506291 | T: rainbow1aclassic363232 |
| 18394466 | 19527013 | 19668132 | mqom2cat5gf2shortr5 |
| 20294340 | 20311952 | 20327400 | T: rainbow1acyclicc363232 |
| 13939847? | 20815959? | 30804102? | T: rwb0fuz1024 |
| 20828531 | 20833653 | 20853739 | mqom2cat5gf2fastr5 |
| 20809831 | 20845831 | 21949905 | mqom2cat5gf2fastr3 |
| 21039146 | 21045405 | 21253136 | mqom2cat5gf16shortr3 |
| 21195941 | 21203814 | 21250127 | T: rainbow1acompres363232 |
| 21047330 | 21278030 | 21316119 | mqom2cat5gf16shortr5 |
| 21428704 | 21435064 | 21437525 | T: sphincss128harakasimple |
| 21923825 | 21924600 | 21925388 | T: sphincsf256sha256simple |
| 22466639 | 22683579 | 22715226 | mqom2cat5gf16fastr5 |
| 21232255? | 22709732? | 27081210? | T: falcon512tree |
| 22718617 | 22729709 | 22803646 | mqom2cat5gf16fastr3 |
| 21431581 | 23322032 | 26620732 | T: falcon512dyn |
| 23954473 | 23957711 | 23962711 | T: sphincsf192shake256robust |
| 20200912? | 26332444? | 34944840? | T: ronald512 |
| 27360339 | 27423868 | 27449110 | T: sphincss128harakarobust |
| 32132270 | 32145789 | 32161317 | T: sphincss192harakasimple |
| 32110707 | 32276485 | 32627669 | T: tts6440 |
| 32790456 | 32792373 | 32795167 | T: sphincsf256shake256simple |
| 40825737 | 40848905 | 40857853 | T: sphincss192harakarobust |
| 46104755 | 46130900 | 46237422 | T: sphincss256harakasimple |
| 37452256? | 46953049? | 59619902? | T: qtesla3p |
| 55354207 | 55366770 | 55409190 | T: sphincss256harakarobust |
| 44852599? | 60724898? | 85761325? | T: ronald768 |
| 61893543 | 62002695 | 62008547 | T: sphincsf256sha256robust |
| 62208477 | 62214304 | 62220773 | T: sphincsf256shake256robust |
| 62064215 | 62441491 | 63016720 | T: rainbowbinary16242020 |
| 63387388 | 63834133 | 63994307 | T: pflash1 |
| 68668247 | 69473949 | 69695610 | T: rainbow5640 |
| 65078932 | 70570184 | 77447907 | T: falcon1024tree |
| 69174555? | 73537153? | 88160120? | T: falcon1024dyn |
| 66216745? | 88305270? | 120235974? | T: ronald1024 |
| 124166199 | 124280734 | 124844247 | T: rainbow3ccompres683248 |
| 124303087 | 126445609 | 134646832 | T: rainbow3ccyclicc683248 |
| 117615021 | 126857909 | 130049295 | T: rainbow3cclassic683248 |
| 126591504 | 126955266 | 127094486 | T: rainbow6440 |
| 141853933 | 141941712 | 142029323 | mqsignlr2567246 |
| 178145285 | 178365379 | 178611324 | mqsignrr2567246 |
| 185302929 | 185304808 | 185306545 | T: sphincss128sha256simple |
| 211369778 | 211460292 | 211513762 | T: sflashv2 |
| 270003667 | 270020595 | 270287553 | T: sphincss192sha256simple |
| 272115564 | 272124410 | 272133202 | T: sphincss128shake256simple |
| 345473161 | 346174412 | 374038455 | T: rainbow5cclassic963664 |
| 352257988 | 352283308 | 352291125 | T: sphincss256sha256simple |
| 358434403 | 358457011 | 358486680 | T: sphincss128sha256robust |
| 362641557 | 363810419 | 366923996 | T: rainbow5ccyclicc963664 |
| 364008844 | 364464058 | 388930495 | T: rainbow5ccompres963664 |
| 239546127? | 401373733? | 516052341? | T: ronald1536 |
| 402535444 | 402587454 | 402871229 | T: sphincss192shake256simple |
| 516199911 | 516862436 | 516970487 | T: sphincss128shake256robust |
| 527034918 | 527077284 | 527098069 | T: sphincss256shake256simple |
| 527624047 | 529171569 | 530659937 | T: sphincss192sha256robust |
| 530271766 | 530685968 | 531003207 | mqsignlr25611272 |
| 668965352 | 669124520 | 669312544 | mqsignrr25611272 |
| 466062714? | 676824652? | 1047322976? | T: ronald2048 |
| 770408022 | 770639694 | 770737145 | T: sphincss192shake256robust |
| 992270185 | 992283686 | 992367865 | T: sphincss256sha256robust |
| 1000763243 | 1000853924 | 1000938092 | T: sphincss256shake256robust |
| 1268284694 | 1269152928 | 1269814390 | mqsignlr25614896 |
| 1581892487 | 1581972033 | 1582487615 | T: gravitysphincss |
| 1620949826 | 1621765002 | 1622398200 | mqsignrr25614896 |
| 1359391183? | 2544823297? | 3411725115? | T: ronald3072 |
| 4945436033? | 7060118265? | 9329949052? | T: ronald4096 |
| 25309688668 | 25312099956 | 25314470804 | T: gravitysphincsl |
| 50631317012 | 50651106961 | 50657724270 | T: gravitysphincsm |
|
| Cycles to sign 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 20819 | 20962 | 21621 | T: rainbowbinary256181212 |
| 34630 | 35077 | 35579 | T: tts6440 |
| 45000 | 45954 | 47360 | T: rainbowbinary16242020 |
| 73610 | 73941 | 74720 | ed25519 |
| 73353 | 74622 | 83381 | T: rainbow5640 |
| 96370? | 98294? | 170280? | T: rainbow6440 |
| 102510 | 106182 | 111759 | T: sflashv2 |
| 138274 | 139735 | 141726 | T: rainbow1aclassic363232 |
| 139138 | 140338 | 141840 | T: rainbow1acyclicc363232 |
| 164330 | 164938 | 165532 | T: ecdonaldp256 |
| 216172 | 216583 | 216712 | T: ed448goldilocks |
| 287657 | 289386 | 293380 | T: ecdonaldp224 |
| 304520 | 312466 | 317104 | T: hector |
| 158220? | 374768? | 622044? | T: 3icp |
| 254778? | 491266? | 824088? | T: lattisigns512 |
| 509124 | 515712 | 520745 | T: ronald512 |
| 517175 | 519176 | 521346 | T: rainbow3cclassic683248 |
| 538970 | 540679 | 543479 | T: rainbow3ccyclicc683248 |
| 565889 | 568485 | 573310 | T: donald1024 |
| 613781? | 643870? | 1253416? | T: pass863 |
| 439640? | 677053? | 985308? | T: qtesla1 |
| 702528 | 714170 | 721680 | T: falcon512tree |
| 812125 | 813395 | 816098 | mqsignlr2567246 |
| 837036? | 840108? | 1193202? | nccsign1 |
| 882364 | 890006 | 898684 | T: ronald768 |
| 966581 | 972661 | 977750 | T: ecdonaldp160 |
| 508642? | 992454? | 1510118? | T: pass769 |
| 1081624 | 1088962 | 1095741 | T: ecdonaldk163 |
| 1109622 | 1116683 | 1126636 | T: rwb0fuz1024 |
| 1113724 | 1117143 | 1121253 | T: ecdonaldb163 |
| 1144872 | 1146697 | 1148304 | T: ecdonaldp384 |
| 734933? | 1151292? | 1869059? | T: pflash1 |
| 1153416 | 1155505 | 1158667 | T: ecdonaldp192 |
| 1163999 | 1166968 | 1179773 | T: falcon512dyn |
| 1196232 | 1197820 | 1200684 | T: rainbow5ccyclicc963664 |
| 1202600 | 1205367 | 1209218 | T: rainbow5cclassic963664 |
| 655453? | 1208800? | 1753172? | T: qtesla3f |
| 1195637 | 1210389 | 1231203 | T: ronald1024 |
| 929920? | 1313533? | 1980287? | T!!!dilithium2 |
| 1323227 | 1334522 | 1342767 | T: donald2048 |
| 1434182 | 1443108 | 1454267 | T: falcon1024tree |
| 1450373 | 1452505 | 1455150 | T: ecdonaldp521 |
| 1457155 | 1461152 | 1470366 | T: edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3 |
| 1460716 | 1462494 | 1463984 | mqsignrr2567246 |
| 1065888? | 1471608? | 1570975? | nccsign1aes |
| 1482747 | 1486421 | 1493172 | T: ecdonaldk233 |
| 1524210 | 1529118 | 1541082 | T: ecdonaldb233 |
| 1030645? | 1567304? | 2535596? | nccsign3 |
| 1325337? | 1832016? | 2450115? | nccsign3aes |
| 1363534? | 1900501? | 2700964? | T!!!dilithium3 |
| 1216801? | 2088773? | 2583302? | T: qtesla1p |
| 1360137? | 2110213? | 3371860? | T!!!dilithium2aes |
| 2154066 | 2156632 | 2159331 | mqsignlr25611272 |
| 1716256? | 2242496? | 4692846? | T!!!dilithium3aes |
| 1137997? | 2270231? | 3053678? | T: qtesla3s |
| 2329076 | 2337222 | 2341983 | T: falcon1024dyn |
| 1727159? | 2451164? | 2638016? | nccsign5 |
| 2546899 | 2551216 | 2559023 | T: ecdonaldk283 |
| 2614309 | 2615915 | 2618802 | crossrsdpg128fast |
| 2688093 | 2690934 | 2697420 | T: ecdonaldb283 |
| 1568685? | 2856447? | 4667429? | T!!!dilithium5 |
| 2188888? | 3035034? | 4077478? | nccsign5aes |
| 3176381 | 3178488 | 3180066 | crossrsdp128fast |
| 3257396 | 3274726 | 3288114 | T: ronald1536 |
| 3471403 | 3483169 | 3498007 | T: edons128ref |
| 3504642 | 3508563 | 3511474 | mqsignrr25611272 |
| 1958866? | 3531531? | 8255367? | haetae3 |
| 2845143? | 4211804? | 5834529? | T!!!dilithium5aes |
| 4480808 | 4485315 | 4492504 | mqsignlr25614896 |
| 4579120 | 4584380 | 4596313 | T: ecdonaldk409 |
| 4883793 | 4893430 | 4912199 | T: ecdonaldb409 |
| 5216238 | 5217778 | 5222864 | aimer128f |
| 5276241 | 5292699 | 5308432 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3312891? | 5402030? | 9556819? | haetae2 |
| 5403893 | 5409236 | 5425876 | crossrsdpg128balanced |
| 4998457? | 5712048? | 9871891? | T: qtesla3p |
| 5964207 | 5965911 | 5967353 | crossrsdpg192fast |
| 6005050 | 6006308 | 6008334 | crossrsdp128balanced |
| 6807864 | 6813774 | 6819438 | mqsignrr25614896 |
| 7809260 | 7812894 | 7857554 | crossrsdp192fast |
| 8051955 | 8056448 | 8061362 | crossrsdpg192balanced |
| 9826476 | 9883212 | 9920222 | T: ecdonaldk571 |
| 9600231 | 9923065 | 10767439 | mqom2cat1gf256fastr5 |
| 4309632? | 10100630? | 13951415? | haetae5 |
| 9532430 | 10116818 | 10637792 | mqom2cat1gf256fastr3 |
| 10591800 | 10604023 | 10650121 | T: ecdonaldb571 |
| 10725146 | 10731563 | 10739433 | crossrsdpg128small |
| 10755680 | 10762187 | 10768661 | crossrsdpg256fast |
| 11091086 | 11545965 | 12297705 | mqom2cat1gf16fastr5 |
| 11156343 | 11614777 | 12387672 | mqom2cat1gf16fastr3 |
| 11970090 | 11973287 | 11977628 | crossrsdp128small |
| 13325924 | 13328782 | 13330683 | aimer192f |
| 13326700 | 13332512 | 13392691 | T: gravitysphincss |
| 13472007 | 13476777 | 13494629 | crossrsdp256fast |
| 13659637 | 13666541 | 13718095 | crossrsdp192balanced |
| 13933901 | 13938496 | 13953711 | crossrsdpg256balanced |
| 14268731 | 14297624 | 14315006 | T: ronald3072 |
| 15227578 | 15231264 | 15234125 | crossrsdpg192small |
| 16488971 | 16519147 | 16564604 | T: rainbow1acompres363232 |
| 20513212 | 20524283 | 20531963 | crossrsdp192small |
| 21346753 | 21609113 | 22135651 | mqom2cat1gf2fastr3 |
| 21271907 | 21706460 | 22294066 | mqom2cat1gf2fastr5 |
| 22928105 | 22935072 | 22942470 | crossrsdp256balanced |
| 23115934 | 23232257 | 23397556 | mqom2cat1gf16shortr5 |
| 23227297 | 23494613 | 24072439 | mqom2cat1gf16shortr3 |
| 23599002 | 23611131 | 23624379 | T: gravitysphincsm |
| 24176337 | 24326692 | 24588258 | mqom2cat1gf256shortr5 |
| 24910589 | 24919710 | 24924719 | crossrsdpg256small |
| 25111452 | 25315372 | 25648725 | mqom2cat1gf256shortr3 |
| 25887054 | 25903678 | 25919270 | T: sphincsf128harakasimple |
| 25972882 | 25976999 | 25983951 | aimer256f |
| 27358140 | 27366488 | 27374062 | T: mqdss48 |
| 28026835 | 28051698 | 28692648 | T: gravitysphincsl |
| 30091732 | 30131033 | 30180226 | T: sphincsf192harakasimple |
| 30354782 | 30412372 | 30508542 | T: ronald4096 |
| 32104297 | 32142747 | 32178295 | T: sphincsf128harakarobust |
| 36962077 | 36977271 | 36988298 | crossrsdp256small |
| 38828201 | 39108572 | 39475301 | mqom2cat1gf2shortr3 |
| 39610522 | 39652071 | 39694330 | T: sphincsf192harakarobust |
| 39772877 | 39787316 | 39800910 | mqom2cat3gf256fastr5 |
| 40010367 | 40274553 | 40640485 | mqom2cat1gf2shortr5 |
| 41186380 | 41255082 | 41444047 | aimer128s |
| 41480955 | 41499824 | 41614917 | mqom2cat3gf256fastr3 |
| 43005983 | 43083304 | 43124447 | mqom2cat3gf16fastr5 |
| 43863634 | 43906764 | 43972349 | mqom2cat3gf16fastr3 |
| 69924455 | 70051828 | 70195955 | T: sphincsf256harakasimple |
| 79051474 | 79064311 | 79068292 | T: mqdss64 |
| 88213125 | 91549631 | 97196825 | mqom2cat3gf16shortr5 |
| 93212525 | 93308038 | 93480846 | T: sphincsf256harakarobust |
| 93031274 | 93327162 | 93356616 | mqom2cat5gf256fastr5 |
| 95324029 | 95357821 | 95634633 | mqom2cat5gf256fastr3 |
| 96370664 | 96569492 | 96615075 | mqom2cat3gf2fastr5 |
| 91534817 | 96865810 | 100574470 | mqom2cat3gf16shortr3 |
| 97925332 | 98329668 | 98542715 | mqom2cat3gf2fastr3 |
| 99366966 | 99645893 | 99891503 | T: rainbow3ccompres683248 |
| 96610803 | 101815783 | 111249905 | mqom2cat3gf256shortr5 |
| 103535344 | 103611230 | 103635355 | aimer192s |
| 103563173 | 106857931 | 111794179 | mqom2cat3gf256shortr3 |
| 107740602 | 107977702 | 108046619 | mqom2cat5gf16fastr5 |
| 108944977 | 108974632 | 109005367 | mqom2cat5gf16fastr3 |
| 168465518 | 170382109 | 180163927 | mqom2cat3gf2shortr3 |
| 173595927 | 175936382 | 182243672 | mqom2cat3gf2shortr5 |
| 182805647 | 182918043 | 183026559 | T: sphincsf128sha256simple |
| 188792776 | 188922491 | 189171365 | mqom2cat5gf16shortr5 |
| 193208372 | 193425173 | 193564262 | mqom2cat5gf16shortr3 |
| 196964720 | 197160361 | 197229314 | mqom2cat5gf256shortr5 |
| 197711176 | 197777568 | 197818790 | aimer256s |
| 200135842 | 200211869 | 200299418 | T: sphincs256 |
| 205167682 | 205323005 | 205539769 | mqom2cat5gf256shortr3 |
| 239864708 | 239988414 | 240106974 | T: sphincsf192sha256simple |
| 248561747 | 249568149 | 275573045 | T: rainbow5ccompres963664 |
| 260995069 | 261662471 | 263626387 | mqom2cat5gf2fastr5 |
| 267804271 | 268014819 | 268241646 | T: sphincsf128shake256simple |
| 269262669 | 269583059 | 269857998 | mqom2cat5gf2fastr3 |
| 335917506 | 336247365 | 336468883 | T: sphincsf128sha256robust |
| 341068901 | 341274533 | 341428537 | T: sphincsf192shake256simple |
| 415888449 | 416046904 | 416236217 | T: sphincss128harakasimple |
| 430349594 | 430444741 | 432049277 | mqom2cat5gf2shortr3 |
| 439436233 | 441166943 | 441358685 | mqom2cat5gf2shortr5 |
| 458242129 | 458510664 | 458793003 | T: sphincsf192sha256robust |
| 483936045 | 484195707 | 484488928 | T: sphincsf128shake256robust |
| 537118582 | 537388361 | 537601993 | T: sphincsf256sha256simple |
| 540216662 | 540534657 | 540828091 | T: sphincss128harakarobust |
| 639543398 | 640008267 | 640330124 | T: sphincsf192shake256robust |
| 646855130 | 647429592 | 651692459 | T: sphincss256harakasimple |
| 751320801 | 751601872 | 751799774 | T: sphincsf256shake256simple |
| 822328177 | 822448349 | 822677177 | T: sphincss256harakarobust |
| 913229662 | 913482312 | 913784091 | T: sphincss192harakasimple |
| 1284124305 | 1284814754 | 1285428411 | T: sphincss192harakarobust |
| 1378659689 | 1378870905 | 1379272388 | T: sphincsf256shake256robust |
| 1447476774 | 1448138521 | 1449605476 | T: sphincsf256sha256robust |
| 2748549456 | 2748832914 | 2749122522 | T: sphincss128sha256simple |
| 4049391012 | 4049668011 | 4049866106 | T: sphincss128shake256simple |
| 4587504086 | 4587902027 | 4588503439 | T: sphincss256sha256simple |
| 4972807639 | 4973256204 | 4973668038 | T: sphincss128sha256robust |
| 6309280596 | 6309832159 | 6311267688 | T: sphincss256shake256simple |
| 6722749766 | 6723356957 | 6725357996 | T: sphincss192sha256simple |
| 7200928128 | 7205295833 | 7205913834 | T: sphincss128shake256robust |
| 8568685875 | 8571214910 | 8581092066 | T: sphincss192shake256simple |
| 11397972719 | 11398833241 | 11400172332 | T: sphincss256shake256robust |
| 12207610196 | 12208059915 | 12217023783 | T: sphincss256sha256robust |
| 12195809400 | 12209796090 | 12211479118 | T: sphincss192sha256robust |
| 14870191065 | 14872747027 | 14873136712 | T: sphincss192shake256robust |
|
| Cycles to verify 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 9082 | 9275 | 9438 | T: rwb0fuz1024 |
| 18585 | 18718 | 18897 | T: rainbowbinary256181212 |
| 34812 | 34952 | 35205 | T: 3icp |
| 36953 | 37547 | 38124 | T: rainbowbinary16242020 |
| 37263 | 37595 | 38009 | T: ronald768 |
| 38302 | 38594 | 39279 | T: rainbow5640 |
| 38746 | 39074 | 39300 | T: ronald512 |
| 43709 | 44090 | 44705 | T: ronald1024 |
| 43504 | 44558 | 45032 | T: rainbow1aclassic363232 |
| 49677 | 49958 | 50228 | T: lattisigns512 |
| 51078 | 51246 | 52164 | T: rainbow6440 |
| 53778 | 53910 | 54510 | T: tts6440 |
| 57982 | 58446 | 59515 | T: ronald1536 |
| 77161 | 77625 | 78227 | T: ronald2048 |
| 88711 | 90575 | 90928 | T: falcon512tree |
| 99016 | 99784 | 100432 | T: sflashv2 |
| 107592 | 109618 | 110016 | T: falcon512dyn |
| 114611 | 118034 | 120389 | T: gravitysphincss |
| 132059 | 132695 | 133291 | T: ronald3072 |
| 141332 | 142064 | 142573 | T: qtesla1 |
| 182334 | 183898 | 184404 | T: falcon1024tree |
| 204564 | 205920 | 208104 | T: ronald4096 |
| 200837 | 209582 | 215864 | T: pflash1 |
| 214143 | 215285 | 216152 | ed25519 |
| 217712 | 219882 | 221866 | T: rainbow3cclassic683248 |
| 253335 | 254656 | 255832 | T: falcon1024dyn |
| 257811 | 258166 | 258778 | haetae2 |
| 284442 | 285038 | 285760 | T: qtesla3f |
| 290873 | 291449 | 292350 | T: qtesla3s |
| 396956 | 397201 | 397674 | T!!!dilithium2 |
| 407706 | 408408 | 410274 | T: ecdonaldp256 |
| 450151 | 453948 | 457688 | T: donald1024 |
| 460299 | 463380 | 466836 | T: rainbow5cclassic963664 |
| 465924 | 467157 | 469065 | haetae3 |
| 469485 | 471441 | 474843 | T: edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3 |
| 495999 | 502431 | 506182 | T: gravitysphincsm |
| 516909 | 517703 | 519030 | T: ecdonaldp224 |
| 520936 | 524211 | 525983 | nccsign1 |
| 533526 | 541879 | 553056 | T: sphincss128harakasimple |
| 584157 | 584909 | 586224 | haetae5 |
| 629227 | 630935 | 633275 | T: pass769 |
| 641811 | 642206 | 642624 | T!!!dilithium3 |
| 650264 | 654665 | 660225 | nccsign3 |
| 668460 | 681305 | 688234 | T: gravitysphincsl |
| 688000 | 689495 | 691513 | T: ed448goldilocks |
| 689907 | 693796 | 697676 | nccsign1aes |
| 702452 | 704818 | 707467 | T: qtesla1p |
| 725780 | 728420 | 731716 | T!!!dilithium2aes |
| 758846 | 761530 | 763369 | T: pass863 |
| 760494 | 762578 | 765809 | T: edons128ref |
| 801764 | 808909 | 819283 | T: sphincss192harakasimple |
| 830721 | 847961 | 861161 | T: sphincss128harakarobust |
| 868882 | 872254 | 876002 | nccsign3aes |
| 963407 | 970745 | 978003 | T: ecdonaldp160 |
| 1062626 | 1063320 | 1064269 | T!!!dilithium5 |
| 1069376 | 1072643 | 1075732 | nccsign5 |
| 1060175 | 1073022 | 1081756 | T: sphincss256harakasimple |
| 1118427 | 1123118 | 1132073 | T: ecdonaldp192 |
| 1154150 | 1167978 | 1172162 | T: hector |
| 1228665 | 1249544 | 1265136 | T: sphincsf128harakasimple |
| 1260676 | 1264420 | 1266803 | T!!!dilithium3aes |
| 1309171 | 1326639 | 1345375 | T: sphincss192harakarobust |
| 1398306 | 1405296 | 1408701 | nccsign5aes |
| 1462779 | 1464647 | 1468850 | mqsignlr2567246 |
| 1477436 | 1478928 | 1483531 | mqsignrr2567246 |
| 1546606 | 1559905 | 1576072 | T: donald2048 |
| 1568608 | 1569946 | 1571927 | crossrsdpg128fast |
| 1684962 | 1713580 | 1733630 | T: sphincss256harakarobust |
| 1913322 | 1914487 | 1916255 | crossrsdp128fast |
| 1936652 | 1961502 | 1994702 | T: sphincsf128harakarobust |
| 1948976 | 1961729 | 1977386 | T: sphincsf192harakasimple |
| 2025270 | 2040238 | 2054436 | T: sphincsf256harakasimple |
| 2056195 | 2058317 | 2061907 | T: ecdonaldk163 |
| 2119721 | 2123019 | 2126751 | T: ecdonaldb163 |
| 2221417 | 2226809 | 2234226 | T!!!dilithium5aes |
| 2467396 | 2469448 | 2471147 | T: ecdonaldp384 |
| 2532935 | 2561208 | 2584410 | T: sphincs256 |
| 2700445 | 2702733 | 2705390 | T: ecdonaldp521 |
| 2825662 | 2829264 | 2832372 | T: ecdonaldk233 |
| 2906373 | 2910604 | 2915424 | T: ecdonaldb233 |
| 3058218 | 3100251 | 3169561 | T: sphincss128sha256simple |
| 3179588 | 3201212 | 3235158 | T: sphincsf192harakarobust |
| 3206458 | 3229098 | 3278951 | T: sphincsf256harakarobust |
| 3298676 | 3305634 | 3317915 | T: qtesla3p |
| 3324259 | 3328834 | 3333597 | crossrsdpg128balanced |
| 3577655 | 3581031 | 3597668 | crossrsdpg192fast |
| 3842331 | 3844462 | 3847419 | crossrsdp128balanced |
| 3853231 | 3856579 | 3858900 | mqsignrr25611272 |
| 3859770 | 3863543 | 3866798 | mqsignlr25611272 |
| 4498226 | 4579910 | 4641796 | T: sphincss128shake256simple |
| 4740662 | 4741890 | 4742736 | crossrsdp192fast |
| 4845854 | 4850088 | 4852580 | crossrsdpg192balanced |
| 4866578 | 4872362 | 4891697 | aimer128f |
| 4832907 | 4888100 | 4944820 | T: sphincss192sha256simple |
| 4940934 | 4949697 | 4956663 | T: ecdonaldk283 |
| 5212052 | 5216016 | 5220809 | T: ecdonaldb283 |
| 6136943 | 6210235 | 6322527 | T: sphincss256sha256simple |
| 6031857 | 6256351 | 6371894 | T: sphincss128sha256robust |
| 6346620 | 6348758 | 6353238 | crossrsdpg256fast |
| 6638809 | 6642890 | 6649079 | crossrsdpg128small |
| 6520100 | 6702266 | 6729051 | mqsignrr25614896 |
| 6538937 | 6702626 | 6732219 | mqsignlr25614896 |
| 6612646 | 6725210 | 6812340 | T: sphincss192shake256simple |
| 7181610 | 7184925 | 7187776 | mqom2cat1gf16fastr5 |
| 7218837 | 7226432 | 7231064 | mqom2cat1gf16fastr3 |
| 7420417 | 7499372 | 7631622 | T: sphincsf128sha256simple |
| 7842046 | 7846558 | 7849314 | crossrsdp128small |
| 8026386 | 8034461 | 8038802 | crossrsdpg256balanced |
| 8112997 | 8117376 | 8121498 | crossrsdp256fast |
| 8288296 | 8290494 | 8293901 | crossrsdp192balanced |
| 8577902 | 8580742 | 8583034 | mqom2cat1gf256fastr5 |
| 8550348 | 8724768 | 8840684 | T: sphincss256shake256simple |
| 8773271 | 8777186 | 8804880 | mqom2cat1gf256fastr3 |
| 8687922 | 8867049 | 9131790 | T: sphincss128shake256robust |
| 8863107 | 8873300 | 8881518 | T: ecdonaldk409 |
| 9331954 | 9340264 | 9348023 | crossrsdpg192small |
| 9461177 | 9476787 | 9489746 | T: ecdonaldb409 |
| 9724816 | 9838696 | 9952085 | T: sphincss192sha256robust |
| 10640211 | 10863551 | 11088250 | T: sphincsf128shake256simple |
| 12133839 | 12264467 | 12549957 | T: sphincsf256sha256simple |
| 12159586 | 12272310 | 12400887 | T: sphincsf192sha256simple |
| 12431985 | 12435522 | 12437214 | aimer192f |
| 12465768 | 12471848 | 12481057 | crossrsdp192small |
| 12568233 | 12588279 | 12600257 | T: rainbow1acyclicc363232 |
| 12596224 | 12627237 | 12644076 | T: rainbow1acompres363232 |
| 12973546 | 13189004 | 13405538 | T: sphincss192shake256robust |
| 13962789 | 13972347 | 13975546 | crossrsdp256balanced |
| 14235621 | 14240897 | 14249985 | crossrsdpg256small |
| 14879630 | 15103359 | 15394247 | T: sphincsf128sha256robust |
| 16882057 | 17055385 | 17329231 | T: sphincss256shake256robust |
| 17151206 | 17327550 | 17496643 | T: sphincsf192shake256simple |
| 17485669 | 17671672 | 17871260 | T: sphincsf256shake256simple |
| 18296749 | 18617894 | 18838893 | T: sphincss256sha256robust |
| 19108887 | 19128440 | 19187291 | T: ecdonaldk571 |
| 19296408 | 19508685 | 19662791 | T: mqdss48 |
| 19519496 | 19540598 | 19552922 | mqom2cat1gf2fastr5 |
| 19582148 | 19587787 | 19602659 | mqom2cat1gf2fastr3 |
| 20096419 | 20135027 | 20144387 | mqom2cat1gf16shortr5 |
| 20342562 | 20346111 | 20349563 | mqom2cat1gf16shortr3 |
| 20643778 | 20702081 | 20796189 | T: ecdonaldb571 |
| 21284394 | 21550415 | 21833261 | T: sphincsf128shake256robust |
| 22568209 | 22575756 | 22586090 | crossrsdp256small |
| 22801802 | 22804347 | 22812210 | mqom2cat1gf256shortr5 |
| 23460904 | 23471196 | 23478517 | mqom2cat1gf256shortr3 |
| 24273413 | 24285876 | 24291574 | aimer256f |
| 24526618 | 24823774 | 25062992 | T: sphincsf192sha256robust |
| 30627764 | 30743951 | 30768764 | mqom2cat3gf16fastr5 |
| 31527332 | 31530159 | 31686720 | mqom2cat3gf16fastr3 |
| 34024558 | 34361376 | 34755276 | T: sphincsf192shake256robust |
| 34087047 | 34591207 | 34752292 | T: sphincsf256shake256robust |
| 36161162 | 36642747 | 37007074 | T: sphincsf256sha256robust |
| 37801960 | 37815004 | 37820376 | mqom2cat1gf2shortr3 |
| 37885801 | 38064983 | 38079127 | mqom2cat3gf256fastr5 |
| 38439288 | 38442792 | 38449535 | mqom2cat1gf2shortr5 |
| 39486718 | 39491681 | 39642673 | mqom2cat3gf256fastr3 |
| 40807777 | 40833586 | 41222460 | aimer128s |
| 56287383 | 56936160 | 57706067 | T: mqdss64 |
| 76186420 | 76230290 | 76294971 | mqom2cat3gf16shortr5 |
| 76076033 | 76457807 | 78032034 | T: rainbow3ccompres683248 |
| 77073138 | 77200983 | 77281274 | mqom2cat5gf16fastr3 |
| 77211444 | 77468946 | 77570048 | mqom2cat5gf16fastr5 |
| 76849529 | 78183507 | 86405538 | T: rainbow3ccyclicc683248 |
| 79026253 | 79036858 | 79133323 | mqom2cat3gf16shortr3 |
| 89702510 | 89872828 | 89889754 | mqom2cat5gf256fastr5 |
| 89807311 | 89932126 | 89968504 | mqom2cat3gf256shortr5 |
| 91431819 | 91719944 | 91757989 | mqom2cat5gf256fastr3 |
| 92298897 | 92411224 | 92735467 | mqom2cat3gf2fastr5 |
| 92648062 | 92984378 | 93214342 | mqom2cat3gf2fastr3 |
| 97434916 | 97446481 | 97493611 | mqom2cat3gf256shortr3 |
| 102818938 | 102846814 | 102862235 | aimer192s |
| 163694062 | 163823091 | 164134053 | mqom2cat5gf16shortr5 |
| 163392859 | 164077643 | 164090043 | mqom2cat3gf2shortr3 |
| 165114797 | 165200518 | 165541829 | mqom2cat3gf2shortr5 |
| 168384101 | 168440588 | 168993790 | mqom2cat5gf16shortr3 |
| 172479537 | 173588907 | 176101752 | T: rainbow5ccyclicc963664 |
| 172071117 | 174183669 | 199729550 | T: rainbow5ccompres963664 |
| 187594011 | 187713827 | 187728246 | mqom2cat5gf256shortr5 |
| 193202697 | 193508302 | 193522654 | mqom2cat5gf256shortr3 |
| 196059446 | 196071374 | 196100534 | aimer256s |
| 253706227 | 254340466 | 255251298 | mqom2cat5gf2fastr5 |
| 257588196 | 258087125 | 258337366 | mqom2cat5gf2fastr3 |
| 425378940 | 426163650 | 426888886 | mqom2cat5gf2shortr3 |
| 428649349 | 428686544 | 429376617 | mqom2cat5gf2shortr5 |
|
|
|