VAMPIRE

eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems
ECRYPT II
General information:IntroductioneBASHeBASCeBAEADeBATSSUPERCOPXBXComputersArch
How to submit new software:Tipshashstreamaeaddhkemencryptsign
List of primitives measured:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
Measurements:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
List of subroutines:verifydecodeencodesortcorehashblocksxofscalarmult

Measurements of key-encapsulation mechanisms on one machine: armeabi; Cortex-A9+NEON (411fc093); 2011 TI OMAP 4430; 2 x 1000MHz; h7panda, supercop-20250922

[Page version: 20260131 16:39:00]

eBATS (ECRYPT Benchmarking of Asymmetric Systems) is a project to measure the performance of public-key systems. This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS for key-encapsulation mechanisms:

Each table row lists the first quartile of many speed measurements, the median of many speed measurements, the third quartile of many speed measurements, and the name of the primitive. Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks. The symbol C: means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security as a goal for this key-encapsulation mechanism. The symbol T: (starting with supercop-20200816) means that the SUPERCOP database at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time as a goal for this implementation. The symbol T!!! means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation, but that the implementation failed TIMECOP. (TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues; they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)

There is a separate page with more information about each key-encapsulation mechanism and each implementation. Designers and implementors interested in submitting new key-encapsulation mechanisms and new implementations of existing systems should read the call for submissions.

Test results

Graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (ccycles,cbytes) (kcycles,cbytes) (pkbytes,cbytes)

NISTPQC graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (ccycles,cbytes) (kcycles,cbytes) (pkbytes,cbytes)

Cycles to generate a key pair
25%50%75%system
275130276845291918
T:
C:r5nd1kem0d
311152316246337116
T:
C:r5nd0kem2iot
330555334084354857
T:
C:r5nd1kem5d
344248350057371799
T:
C:r5nd1kem4longkey
378674?403560?502682?ntruplus576
412938417941437872
T:
lightsaber2
465059473188499398kyber512
521970530533558703ntruplus768
542297547503575134smaugt1
542488549321572733timer
551173559179584417newhope512cca
600258611141634673ntruplus864
636117643048672243C:threebears624r2cpax
627603648309660332C:threebears624r2cpa
728686744163758725
T:
C:r5nd3kem5d
730052749987763201kyber90s512
777574795904804793kyber768
826050846496860080
T:
saber2
788363?970263?1106244?ntruplus1152
100232210217671033727
T:
C:hila5
104011310488471066181
T:
C:r5nd3kem0d
109295811128351127663smaugt3
111972511430131155820newhope1024cca
115403511689021177110
T:
ntrulpr653
123576012417671257389kyber1024
122613412495411265690C:threebears936r2cpa
123487312569181279023C:threebears936r2cpax
124960212635331271591
T:
C:r5nd5kem5d
134059113649671385463kyber90s768
137073713816211399476
T:
firesaber2
137787313897891407379
T:
C:r5nd5kem0d
145586614669501480172
T:
ntrulpr761
165773116824861698608
T:
kindi256342
170455117188921738044
T:
kindi512222
176348217874831806035
T:
kindi512241
177505717910401803949smaugt5
177556117913441812784
T:
ntrulpr857
201798220332452045913C:threebears1248r2cpa
203521220466442068289C:threebears1248r2cpax
212034721357112150297
T:
ntrulpr953
215494621649582195288threebears624r2cca
221363222281612243440kyber90s1024
239542924097542428043
T:
ntrulpr1013
292710329598152991580
T:
hqc1281
358151235997863632047
T:
ntrulpr1277
359822036226843656475
T:
kindi512321
412827341499414181012
T:
lima2p1024cca
445306644775134505994threebears936r2cca
446289845097474538116
T:
kindi256522
454193745762354607685
T:
ntrukem443
621316162720196328262
T:
hqc1921
657173165981426681433
T:
limasp1018cca
668117367759676855044
T:
hqc1922
766119376879097718250threebears1248r2cca
825775082922108365048
T:
lima2p2048cca
106866901077277010906610
T:
hqc2561
113699161142568511553506
T:
hqc2562
114189841154333911624871
T:
limasp1306cca
118984071203762712152159
T:
hqc2563
125346821258693912708492
T:
ntrukem743
133958401345393413591780
T:
limasp1822cca
147737131480969614941321
T:
ntrulpr4591761
166147391665841616791232
T:
sntrup653
166880951673484616895322sntrup653
216575522173825421881799
T:
C:r5n11kem0d
218318042193827522051146
T:
sntrup761
219122852201706922124755sntrup761
220259532210061122204936
T:
ntruhps2048509
220615802214587522262947ntruhps2048509
223510612246281822628948
T:
limasp2062cca
250077062519222925334827
T:
frodokem640
262909862642420726554456
T:
frodokem640aes
274295092755168827635235
T:
sntrup857
275231502766242627762204sntrup857
283076902840549028564018
T:
locker1
342019403430980334456452
T:
sntrup953
342956983444081634576824sntrup953
355869333600172536285160
T:
ramstakers216091
381650773832382138449843
T:
locker2
382173323837219838495353
T:
ntruhps2048677
382749033842649138569693ntruhps2048677
386698333881002639003032
T:
locker4
386899913885508639034988
T:
sntrup1013
387775343896904239091223sntrup1013
407987604094651241135466ntruhrss701
416027354174756341910984
T:
locker3
532564475338352653558056
T:
C:r5n13kem0d
533192825351974653696642
T:
locker6
535016325364313753839664
T:
locker5
556310385574863455910360
T:
ntruhps4096821
556704365584096456018556ntruhps4096821
576539485799278658572045
T:
frodokem976
599026566003476360255568
T:
frodokem640shake
599395336036467160655397
T:
frodokem976aes
605188496068421860874963
T:
sntrup1277
607582506100304761378236sntrup1277
808321318106496381327076
T:
locker7
851099708550737085941732
T:
mersenne756839
989600549923496599620820
T:
C:r5n15kem0d
103596405103802608104135328
T:
locker8
108475806108846808109213380
T:
lotus128
110184822110544204110918873
T:
locker9
112823447113134428113407976
T:
frodokem1344aes
135228545135593384135923311
T:
frodokem976shake
154903863155138737155538017
T:
sikep434
156332208158692648161818916
T:
ramstakers756839
169044494169316148169610255sntrup4591761
204965575205669606206661506
T:
ntskem1264
237549921237932467238390068
T:
sikep503
246789334247104839247492174
T:
frodokem1344shake
248628359249741834271267098
T:
sikep434comp
252103359252655399253181918
T:
lotus192
377426002407607786410767010
T:
sikep503comp
238398796?409167252?634154791?
T:
rsa2048
440129630440799553441286208
T:
sikep610
485083320485623148486396907
T:
lotus256
724092140725007789726235259mceliece348864pcf
724590531725831025727323898mceliece348864f
742717521744980056805579561
T:
sikep610comp
778613231782857524786900488
T:
ntskem1380
804594745805272751806038181
T:
sikep751
716030602?903672429?1279232169?mceliece348864
100101753710045149651006866604
T:
oddmanhattan128
899304254?1084609678?1455698259?mceliece348864pc
161934768116234696681636373814
T:
oddmanhattan192
204151641520792160692092193338
T:
bigquake1
233726948323442197692355401330
T:
ntskem13136
254115117625715576432707332175mceliece460896f
254183582225719001312642573450mceliece460896pcf
2525710735?3425925897?5223078231?
T:
mceliece460896
2554979235?3661641744?5250549339?mceliece460896
2562257033?4337968287?5257494958?mceliece460896pc
759604890476168555087643677872mceliece6960119f
764397372476645040197684633022mceliece6960119pcf
6465588688?8605713842?14577648075?
T:
mceliece6688128
870287526987241559858738655440
T:
mceliece6688128f
869699912287298603858767913460mceliece6688128f
871468488787552490008783484414
T:
mceliece6688128pcf
872866152887608786328841460811mceliece6688128pcf
5575723196?8919934914?12391182682?
T:
mceliece6960119pc
7235973938?8947731810?10744154636?mceliece6960119
7280480714?8996152846?12387183255?
T:
mceliece6960119
5712667583?9011679414?12560602136?mceliece6960119pc
6319309448?10419548573?12541951315?mceliece6688128pc
6490543885?10617443858?14788617647?mceliece6688128
8726261133?11117927968?15835234088?
T:
mceliece8192128
8870515680?11326031215?16229854753?mceliece8192128pc
8878811285?11357695213?16223591402?mceliece8192128
114854787261152244871111538597581mceliece8192128f
116186731651163176006811650566763mceliece8192128pcf
Cycles for encapsulation
25%50%75%system
761288320486444
T:
rsa2048
298479300706321773ntruplus576
404831409406432203
T:
C:r5nd1kem0d
426473431185451833ntruplus768
433916450080459493
T:
C:r5nd0kem2iot
466161470482489474timer
467534471608493246smaugt1
467039485102513460
T:
ntskem1264
475790485400502170ntruplus864
494880501878519376
T:
ntruhps2048509
499084504459524674
T:
C:r5nd1kem5d
507084515131539027
T:
C:r5nd1kem4longkey
539203547569562163ntruhps2048509
586528590427610811
T:
lightsaber2
634064643011661782ntruplus1152
641082648959666086kyber512
654130667999694582mceliece348864f
643594670016692245mceliece348864
687369703438730114mceliece348864pcf
683324708460730081mceliece348864pc
782980800719812212
T:
ntruhps2048677
787755804552820060ntruhrss701
801236816546831848C:threebears624r2cpax
800556818138830953C:threebears624r2cpa
848830863971875980ntruhps2048677
851606872115904888
T:
ntrukem443
874505893910906671kyber90s512
880563898563910210newhope512cca
98632610066311017094smaugt3
102438310434261060970
T:
C:r5nd3kem5d
102743310463331058311kyber768
108067610935791110512
T:
ntruhps4096821
107406010949891108546
T:
saber2
113077211418951153870
T:
sntrup653
115913411773361188616ntruhps4096821
119398812054541219452sntrup653
126659713018191387718mceliece460896f
126890413095021363945
T:
mceliece460896
128109413274471397744mceliece460896
132573713436861360852
T:
C:hila5
132775813681161422118mceliece460896pcf
132283313707801424017mceliece460896pc
142702814350241452184
T:
sntrup761
143813014619201479061C:threebears936r2cpa
145531314650311482623C:threebears936r2cpax
149666715206321533743sntrup761
154256715540181569627kyber1024
154749915600761571585kyber90s768
163358816504061667284smaugt5
168755517025621713612
T:
firesaber2
174555717623321777751
T:
sntrup857
177375517886001801686newhope1024cca
178482518008821824108
T:
C:r5nd5kem5d
181572218272671850676
T:
C:r5nd3kem0d
183114918472261863955sntrup857
185892018755501911071
T:
ntrukem743
200348720290252064123
T:
ntskem1380
209402821054192117972
T:
sntrup953
212154021400662213287
T:
lotus128
218410122010172214988sntrup953
222059822289382240202
T:
ntrulpr653
222393822371312255450
T:
kindi256342
228671922979622318216C:threebears1248r2cpa
228518723018352323137C:threebears1248r2cpax
235458623662502382716
T:
sntrup1013
244541524543032476744kyber90s1024
244690924565682474232sntrup1013
246696024837262500916
T:
C:r5nd5kem0d
254292025579492588724
T:
kindi512222
263507626609122678866
T:
kindi512241
265335627507842838907
T:
mceliece6688128
268104627825472929995
T:
mceliece6688128f
270862827981452952438mceliece6688128f
271205428050192917274
T:
mceliece6688128pcf
279963628134982839322
T:
ntrulpr761
274907628503432987252mceliece6688128pcf
279769828744163063292mceliece6688128
278781128842403039445mceliece6688128pc
291946429307462946813threebears624r2cca
296851129898563029672
T:
ntskem13136
305016830680553091091
T:
lima2p1024cca
328917033403453439724
T:
mceliece6960119
330803133535673464013mceliece6960119
330504633545083467177mceliece6960119f
342753534469193457000
T:
ntrulpr857
352894035472353568043
T:
sntrup1277
354118436061883756157
T:
lotus192
358035536406343736234mceliece6960119pc
359905136460693727648
T:
mceliece6960119pc
363904436567793683679
T:
locker1
360571036717323803791mceliece6960119pcf
369048537117163752097sntrup1277
369938437560693844879mceliece8192128f
380633938672293959149
T:
mceliece8192128
379728738777843993178mceliece8192128
380854238900683975788mceliece8192128pcf
385619439174734038536mceliece8192128pc
410088041182644137895
T:
ntrulpr953
431400543492264397936
T:
locker2
463616446568714696782
T:
ntrulpr1013
477765348051404844791
T:
locker3
480359548283814872672
T:
locker4
479811048293174865410
T:
kindi512321
542231654492105503830
T:
kindi256522
544630154957785597262
T:
hqc1281
554176555675545590401threebears936r2cca
554906055726275602500
T:
limasp1018cca
572642357690925835120
T:
lotus256
604758460781766134840
T:
locker6
607962961045376200478
T:
lima2p2048cca
628459163176976372177
T:
locker5
697405869942957045830
T:
ntrulpr1277
895853990037609078382
T:
locker7
907748791110189156388threebears1248r2cca
941592295106809608609
T:
bigquake1
960942496404949734387
T:
limasp1306cca
105926181064481310776408
T:
locker8
108216851086356411017032
T:
limasp1822cca
111779031122528111350588
T:
locker9
119767131206129112187755
T:
hqc1921
128274131296379813128297
T:
hqc1922
147844201484367714972084sntrup4591761
188797061897283119084046
T:
limasp2062cca
208230042100108121182024
T:
hqc2561
222200062234392822560389
T:
hqc2562
231754822323027823442411
T:
hqc2563
242231842436332624499756
T:
C:r5n11kem0d
284385512853919928691857
T:
frodokem640
291959062936258629509656
T:
frodokem640aes
292685112939411629529188
T:
ntrulpr4591761
591042015949051659895718
T:
C:r5n13kem0d
655152506568069465904146
T:
frodokem976
663115056648303866776750
T:
frodokem976aes
669574286713849067376553
T:
frodokem640shake
671806666797044368709352
T:
ramstakers216091
898855669031616690663309
T:
mersenne756839
111429903111885683113694816
T:
C:r5n15kem0d
124162877124409010124737029
T:
frodokem1344aes
151071833151445162152752980
T:
frodokem976shake
253295356253637253253864407
T:
sikep434
260394419265292659267680658
T:
oddmanhattan128
277076881277686923278213834
T:
frodokem1344shake
282206361285782876291086205
T:
ramstakers756839
391335641391983678392392193
T:
sikep503
391815615393197753395317356
T:
sikep434comp
527919115546778700549938126
T:
oddmanhattan192
589401535591490822594145878
T:
sikep503comp
809420192810232824810868356
T:
sikep610
110152669811044223091109556449
T:
sikep610comp
130378230913050573721306610961
T:
sikep751
Cycles for decapsulation
25%50%75%system
137012137374139510C:threebears624r2cpax
181776182506187313C:threebears936r2cpax
192189193099197970
T:
C:r5nd1kem0d
225710227990233205
T:
C:r5nd0kem2iot
227076228131233418C:threebears1248r2cpax
246670247979254094
T:
C:r5nd1kem5d
260194261354266130C:threebears624r2cpa
255211272870279206
T:
C:r5nd1kem4longkey
342626345409364379
T:
C:hila5
357450358390380097C:threebears936r2cpa
382571386095409102ntruplus576
456307458261479851C:threebears1248r2cpa
467082468945489517
T:
C:r5nd3kem5d
550356556812578968ntruplus768
632932637628656907timer
631897638740658922smaugt1
629514644810655491
T:
lightsaber2
641689651784668165ntruplus864
685031691018710969kyber512
833220843175860953
T:
C:r5nd5kem5d
835182856311863211ntruplus1152
929616949076956660newhope512cca
964778985012997704kyber90s512
99514010144821021823
T:
C:r5nd3kem0d
107819310970651106328kyber768
113654311579011165573
T:
saber2
124537212527231267134smaugt3
130534913192281329279
T:
ntruhps2048509
130327713215721336851ntruhps2048509
133781213491261361723
T:
C:r5nd5kem0d
133849713588901376924
T:
ntrukem443
143251414543621496882
T:
C:r5n11kem0d
159390916064211620525kyber1024
166461416792461692486kyber90s768
178806718000891812762
T:
firesaber2
190319719160211926028newhope1024cca
196180519769181993336smaugt5
211520421293342147213ntruhps2048677
212107321317362151299
T:
ntruhps2048677
227654022887682301512mceliece348864f
227426622916912309094mceliece348864
229175623065902321809ntruhrss701
232177823359002346180mceliece348864pc
232510623374922349577mceliece348864pcf
242030824306562444204
T:
sntrup653
242614524397662452456sntrup653
258635425997612619374
T:
C:r5n13kem0d
258740626016412622374kyber90s1024
262655426540022749220
T:
lotus128
274470927690922797140
T:
kindi256342
296016329736682997154ntruhps4096821
296093229776352999773
T:
ntruhps4096821
296986829869163014910
T:
ntskem1264
302951830454583059721
T:
sntrup761
304065030532783080660sntrup761
312740731409983153828
T:
ntrulpr653
320036732183533237843
T:
ntrukem743
333115533491793386636
T:
kindi512222
341590234383733462456
T:
kindi512241
344660734681053490248
T:
lima2p1024cca
384569638622843886205
T:
sntrup857
384764638639233893099sntrup857
398362540038184030697
T:
ntrulpr761
449066445416544623162
T:
lotus192
465412846707864705346sntrup953
465011446740274713547
T:
sntrup953
490861749265674962070
T:
ntrulpr857
526070952790335308551sntrup1013
526009252910045399431
T:
sntrup1013
572188457442785783142
T:
ntskem1380
583089558498845879173mceliece460896
583207658563025919168
T:
mceliece460896
584568558747715930910mceliece460896f
588897659067885939704mceliece460896pcf
588076059112735949050mceliece460896pc
589490359144285951197
T:
ntrulpr953
596806559993656058022
T:
kindi512321
628275263110026346809
T:
mceliece6960119
629469463168746355206threebears624r2cca
628909263180156362825
T:
kindi256522
630038163276626352594mceliece6960119f
630743363341076392699mceliece6960119
635823563804166402010
T:
mceliece6960119pc
635717263830646428115mceliece6960119pc
636299163954526457772mceliece6960119pcf
650901565295126578068mceliece8192128
650014465307866590402
T:
mceliece8192128
653050865654466588511mceliece8192128f
656412265850266613256mceliece8192128pc
656360365907186634640
T:
mceliece6688128
656715665965096648429mceliece6688128
657848765988186628888
T:
mceliece6688128f
656740066008936644768mceliece6688128f
660544766301126678342mceliece8192128pcf
662611766506016681666
T:
mceliece6688128pcf
663087866653576740854mceliece6688128pcf
664865466780656728582mceliece6688128pc
668607667046556731660
T:
ntrulpr1013
675214967813636825596
T:
limasp1018cca
685039668902237003353
T:
lima2p2048cca
716753271902937222702
T:
C:r5n15kem0d
716391672288117344604
T:
lotus256
802403080517248139376sntrup1277
803126580545568147219
T:
sntrup1277
845532285063858586030
T:
hqc1281
101296751016488910249843
T:
ntrulpr1277
117257221176357311839733threebears936r2cca
118491591188455911956258
T:
rsa2048
119804921203608012167964
T:
limasp1306cca
130138811306697413197067
T:
ntskem13136
132934681332701813459905
T:
limasp1822cca
132766641333165413456913
T:
locker1
139005841401736614178706
T:
bigquake1
155383931562483215782387
T:
locker2
158159171588993916018184
T:
locker4
176529961772659017825310
T:
hqc1921
185740951873379018859928
T:
hqc1922
189248221899273319126565threebears1248r2cca
211191702119791421329500
T:
locker3
237671782388223123994466
T:
locker6
239130772401681724156386
T:
locker5
239886072418336724311294
T:
limasp2062cca
271122572725662427397716
T:
locker7
285585432873148928829153
T:
frodokem640
286534612878899128993029
T:
frodokem640aes
301848633038142130568824
T:
hqc2561
311504533129310831411850
T:
locker8
320722953216999232346956
T:
hqc2562
330042523314334533297821
T:
hqc2563
383452283851083338648550
T:
locker9
431574294333326343444460sntrup4591761
437533814392196144119529
T:
ntrulpr4591761
648586266510296965322836
T:
frodokem976aes
654805986568279165841101
T:
frodokem976
662703576649360566689440
T:
frodokem640shake
122321538122654016122950217
T:
frodokem1344aes
132960559133314917133741433
T:
mersenne756839
134971446135613786136066950
T:
ramstakers216091
150193479150630904151043433
T:
frodokem976shake
270419524270842779271085274
T:
sikep434
276044424277600584278226550
T:
frodokem1344shake
283819851288595203290665447
T:
oddmanhattan128
289140129289775782290205665
T:
sikep434comp
416180750416651318417246877
T:
sikep503
440604909441231734441704582
T:
sikep503comp
521455148537776775548054976
T:
ramstakers756839
573081772577481195594873290
T:
oddmanhattan192
814602754815608485816591168
T:
sikep610
863913215865149811866164796
T:
sikep610comp
140091097614022648441403917141
T:
sikep751