Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Skylake (506e3); 2015 Intel Xeon E3-1220 v5; 4 x 3000MHz; samba, supercop-20260217
[Page version: 20260319 20:29:17]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
old
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 57396 | 58084 | 58644 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 70911 | 71479 | 72297 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 97652 | 98260 | 99214 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 100930 | 101849 | 103043 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 121075 | 122103 | 124109 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 184995 | 187938 | 189979 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 446495 | 449605 | 457560 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 454358 | 456357 | 461383 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 517545 | 522356 | 528794 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 870569 | 880178 | 889556 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1013942 | 1018146 | 1027323 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1052800 | 1058355 | 1067482 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1322763 | 1328408 | 1336236 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2451893 | 2454770 | 2461285 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3329762 | 3352422 | 3494100 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3471744 | 3474861 | 3564635 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 3857116? | 4478625? | 5858076? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 4847672? | 4855004? | 6220871? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5719536 | 5733904 | 5741985 | T: C:4hfe |
| 5773411? | 5780447? | 8365131? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 5772593 | 5854348 | 6291235 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 7139948 | 7149938 | 7200779 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7961041 | 8003081 | 8486311 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9371199 | 9389543 | 10462701 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9499208 | 9520568 | 11417554 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9772595 | 9789401 | 9822391 | T: lotus128 |
| 10750921 | 10784509 | 10799177 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11242426 | 11505836 | 12590315 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 12751123 | 12763523 | 12847292 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 14119484 | 14160442 | 15403108 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18288305 | 18306610 | 18324194 | T: lotus192 |
| 19111994 | 19231540 | 21119527 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 19365663 | 20662515 | 21927274 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 21329542 | 21415112 | 21500052 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 28745461 | 28889727 | 29156818 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 29864162 | 30912574 | 33010368 | T: C:mceliece |
| 31414890 | 32145189 | 34444197 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 33108314 | 33218833 | 33313301 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 32229664 | 35775279 | 36119544 | T: lotus256 |
| 38842735 | 39572538 | 40199124 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 49377846 | 49733106 | 49882067 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 38404460? | 52590992? | 74093506? | T: ronald1024 |
| 55078342 | 55631873 | 56358306 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 63506629 | 65191880 | 65428386 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 74374793 | 74771589 | 75456499 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 79352250 | 79469705 | 79626100 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 84643967 | 84829537 | 85478294 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 58817781? | 94959351? | 150657076? | T: rsa2048 |
| 96212327 | 96982539 | 98038714 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 98467533 | 98806491 | 99576453 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 108053093 | 108187971 | 108431219 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 58597768? | 118073335? | 195080206? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 159522353 | 160295410 | 161287682 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 171478400? | 283532408? | 414577506? | T: ronald1536 |
| 283958436? | 411126911? | 561600483? | T: ronald2048 |
| 954381939? | 1533742122? | 2170070927? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3119136571 | 3224640536 | 3321147698 | T: pqrsa15 |
| -1268452059 | 3791162094 | 5648135585 | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 10059 | 10094 | 10169 | T: C:4hfe |
| 22851 | 23604 | 25321 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 22863 | 23775 | 25765 | T: rsa2048 |
| 37571 | 38070 | 42730 | T: ronald1024 |
| 42669 | 42950 | 43286 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 46937 | 47450 | 48074 | T: C:mceliece |
| 47457 | 49168 | 53104 | T: ronald1536 |
| 49047 | 49325 | 49670 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 59728 | 61994 | 65495 | T: ronald2048 |
| 70906 | 71350 | 71837 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 93580 | 94079 | 94597 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 97203 | 100526 | 106685 | T: ronald3072 |
| 105634 | 106189 | 106843 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 110091 | 110684 | 111630 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 144654 | 145687 | 146731 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 144745 | 150197 | 157309 | T: ronald4096 |
| 155302 | 155683 | 156164 | T: lotus128 |
| 183509 | 184434 | 185845 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 195780 | 196736 | 198019 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 221437 | 222382 | 223324 | T: lotus192 |
| 243440 | 244800 | 246348 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 282576 | 286277 | 319824 | T: lotus256 |
| 305014 | 309392 | 311534 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 313250 | 317210 | 319921 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 417030 | 420032 | 422438 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 512253 | 514677 | 517993 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 600498 | 602130 | 605728 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 604592 | 607215 | 611635 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 618317 | 622323 | 626785 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 647702 | 652856 | 656562 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 665599 | 667412 | 672732 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 704583 | 706590 | 711247 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 737635 | 738793 | 744083 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 764358 | 767674 | 773344 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 777489 | 778603 | 783902 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 839603 | 842228 | 847553 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 875731 | 881845 | 886445 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 958012 | 961437 | 969336 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1025935 | 1027754 | 1036459 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1128618 | 1132630 | 1139605 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1143459 | 1148964 | 1156591 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1267391 | 1278353 | 1286339 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1392225 | 1397384 | 1402587 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1396192 | 1402871 | 1409341 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1443556 | 1450500 | 1459198 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1479547 | 1484550 | 1489951 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1631807 | 1637844 | 1643942 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1788951 | 1796882 | 1802262 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1829064 | 1837562 | 1839208 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2139395 | 2144675 | 2158449 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2216290 | 2219629 | 2227785 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2475390 | 2477730 | 2512504 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2633556 | 2669444 | 2711860 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2823016 | 2824944 | 2832819 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2929990 | 2934309 | 2936573 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3192682 | 3199824 | 3210931 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3260277 | 3296303 | 3302281 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18436655 | 18455439 | 18477665 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 45039 | 45248 | 45749 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 51586 | 51838 | 52218 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 75404 | 76090 | 77202 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 101276 | 101909 | 104852 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 110190 | 111201 | 115646 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 136681 | 137365 | 140429 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 168395 | 170182 | 175379 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 178597 | 178825 | 179144 | T: lotus128 |
| 216632 | 218573 | 227631 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 241782 | 244676 | 250720 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 259442 | 260548 | 261001 | T: lotus192 |
| 306445 | 310067 | 316444 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 354290 | 357634 | 385557 | T: lotus256 |
| 431727 | 434460 | 439423 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 745099 | 750323 | 755916 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 785429 | 800108 | 849310 | T: C:mceliece |
| 897646 | 909129 | 919060 | T: ronald1024 |
| 955373 | 963450 | 971943 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1270961 | 1279670 | 1288992 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1298029 | 1307347 | 1319187 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1312832 | 1323383 | 1335727 | T: C:4hfe |
| 1566678 | 1580418 | 1593998 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1584050 | 1594772 | 1604530 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1770498 | 1777174 | 1781241 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1816505 | 1824077 | 1833534 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1880725 | 1892322 | 1903548 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1905648 | 1916856 | 1924724 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2089220 | 2093057 | 2191855 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2110651 | 2159096 | 2263168 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2154846 | 2162965 | 2172743 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2169481 | 2175862 | 2181528 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2217691 | 2226732 | 2234326 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2313939 | 2327053 | 2341588 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2352413 | 2375808 | 2422402 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2451279 | 2460597 | 2469967 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2537689 | 2544808 | 2560799 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2795753 | 2818789 | 2854357 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3144905 | 3164591 | 3172940 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3155323 | 3177703 | 3266738 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3224335 | 3237236 | 3327855 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3443929 | 3461516 | 3478952 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3801186 | 3813450 | 3827250 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5927226 | 5948994 | 5968250 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 6568612 | 6587004 | 6629616 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6610020 | 6630302 | 6663660 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7688413 | 7711640 | 7726587 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8649309 | 8676796 | 8701654 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9378753 | 9449611 | 9472636 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 9467100 | 9503374 | 9549005 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10518022 | 10543037 | 10567606 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 13000366 | 13138339 | 13356313 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 14299198 | 14333947 | 14368577 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 16392433 | 16414409 | 16447501 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 17689015 | 17745817 | 18285799 | T: ronald4096 |
| 18886616 | 18957647 | 19014156 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 19365053 | 19384782 | 19439019 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 19679380 | 19708219 | 19756581 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 106993978 | 107091822 | 107247871 | T: pqrsa15 |
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