Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Crestmont (a06a4-20); 2023 Intel Core Ultra 5 125H, LPE cores; 2 x 700MHz; meteor,tiny, supercop-20261018
[Page version: 20261023 02:41:57]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 63830 | 65334 | 67442 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 88646 | 89366 | 90509 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 132032 | 133920 | 137775 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 135793 | 138435 | 139925 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 170934 | 176368 | 177714 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 238876 | 241585 | 253515 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 474172 | 479213 | 482898 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 556548 | 560270 | 565517 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 766664 | 770210 | 789738 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 980083 | 987012 | 994274 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1466457 | 1477934 | 1490439 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1578993 | 1599230 | 1605465 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2003212 | 2008898 | 2013994 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2486006 | 2538737 | 2647235 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3106608 | 3110415 | 3141597 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3244947 | 3255893 | 3428829 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4025667? | 4085149? | 5568039? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3670833? | 4636398? | 6012111? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5366621 | 5419996 | 6031854 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 7004618 | 7178647 | 7442786 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 6703375? | 7409454? | 10926357? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7438146 | 7656377 | 8023327 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9155731 | 9241078 | 9843001 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9867173 | 9974861 | 10015816 | T: lotus128 |
| 10171810 | 10363089 | 12475429 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 10727506 | 11175106 | 12659655 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 11580816 | 11969118 | 12597605 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 12758370 | 12904769 | 13095545 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 15240623 | 15738295 | 17949497 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17961808 | 18752335 | 20192980 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 18804229 | 18881077 | 18955037 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 18752672 | 19151978 | 22646349 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 22272890 | 22382293 | 22508208 | T: lotus192 |
| 30741710 | 30869139 | 31183399 | T: lotus256 |
| 29283261 | 31270213 | 34456835 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 31002040 | 32090495 | 33746287 | T: C:mceliece |
| 32934397 | 32998377 | 33063172 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 33642170 | 33683276 | 33848449 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 45203697 | 45559274 | 45976876 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 56400905 | 56490439 | 56632945 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 64704575 | 65081547 | 65655026 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 75514165 | 75628557 | 75750262 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 84468346 | 84772514 | 85278247 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 67835889? | 96348502? | 137109166? | T: ronald1024 |
| 98795556 | 98931162 | 99037787 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 101562239 | 101705324 | 101891583 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 111489272 | 111805536 | 112356942 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 120696496 | 120985111 | 121540108 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 131448834 | 131673936 | 131865951 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 194817469 | 196305785 | 197082817 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 302724758? | 429773208? | 641013614? | T: ronald1536 |
| 631701123? | 1014815187? | 1448151666? | T: ronald2048 |
| 2353374091? | 3724308687? | 5056845833? | T: ronald3072 |
| 5721877043? | 8694152561? | 14089335220? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 34825 | 35091 | 35433 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 34795 | 35110 | 35972 | T: ronald1024 |
| 39820 | 40163 | 40497 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 48262 | 49136 | 49901 | T: C:mceliece |
| 50760 | 51366 | 52337 | T: ronald1536 |
| 56965 | 57279 | 57588 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 72426 | 72788 | 73188 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 73988 | 74685 | 75625 | T: ronald2048 |
| 103096 | 103883 | 105011 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 126099 | 128470 | 129795 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 138172 | 139016 | 140149 | T: ronald3072 |
| 154280 | 155532 | 156389 | T: lotus128 |
| 172580 | 175000 | 182699 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 227673 | 228734 | 230224 | T: ronald4096 |
| 232521 | 233481 | 242674 | T: lotus192 |
| 247116 | 253454 | 256273 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 260735 | 262171 | 263943 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 318512 | 323893 | 396747 | T: lotus256 |
| 332339 | 333871 | 335014 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 337466 | 344991 | 349276 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 426676 | 430922 | 435055 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 443390 | 444570 | 447320 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 530582 | 531630 | 532860 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 590156 | 592376 | 612212 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 626015 | 627400 | 629238 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 668098 | 669625 | 671458 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 650145 | 671502 | 673218 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 669172 | 673012 | 674915 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 674262 | 677710 | 691684 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 693280 | 726971 | 772479 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 760617 | 763090 | 771798 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 765865 | 769010 | 785632 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 831227 | 833977 | 837551 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 890129 | 896779 | 900264 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 890002 | 911482 | 916974 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1032213 | 1033232 | 1034943 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1154173 | 1156110 | 1173882 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1258292 | 1261411 | 1263584 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1269396 | 1290294 | 1307168 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1311954 | 1337727 | 1363762 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1433716 | 1435721 | 1439330 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1466819 | 1480708 | 1567764 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1629301 | 1666564 | 1683971 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 1804210 | 1812652 | 1815666 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1826694 | 1838828 | 1854969 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2018004 | 2076637 | 2101005 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2212651 | 2225732 | 2324018 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2228312 | 2281092 | 2304999 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2363969 | 2374835 | 2387549 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2459517 | 2526390 | 2543512 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2702920 | 2710636 | 2721112 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 3088792 | 3127859 | 3142044 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3190435 | 3204737 | 3267350 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 3024785? | 3399985? | 3816036? | T: ledapkc52sl |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 37389 | 37655 | 38057 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 42036 | 42276 | 42716 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 62290 | 62524 | 62929 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 82396 | 82668 | 84065 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 123937 | 125623 | 130898 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 154164 | 160082 | 161486 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 192865 | 194750 | 196386 | T: lotus128 |
| 223053 | 225026 | 234057 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 291248 | 292975 | 301135 | T: lotus192 |
| 325711 | 329559 | 337990 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 346680 | 350560 | 351551 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 414140 | 418694 | 511055 | T: lotus256 |
| 450133 | 460451 | 473230 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 572606 | 577386 | 582798 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 726682 | 727625 | 728958 | T: C:mceliece |
| 790633 | 803140 | 831187 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 988093 | 998606 | 1028106 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 1107662 | 1113851 | 1120635 | T: ronald1024 |
| 1161687 | 1173826 | 1201329 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1167992 | 1178039 | 1190173 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1450465 | 1468770 | 1487285 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1513322 | 1521807 | 1536481 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1745397 | 1756655 | 1775180 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1811411 | 1825836 | 1844283 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1851460 | 1864723 | 1878527 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2183822 | 2196946 | 2211707 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2199796 | 2219650 | 2239808 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2212251 | 2238543 | 2258726 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2460334 | 2469439 | 2483985 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2696324 | 2712149 | 2720020 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2766266 | 2773310 | 2787713 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2988092 | 2993647 | 2998507 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3205487 | 3224341 | 3317051 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3248707 | 3255740 | 3264678 | T: ronald1536 |
| 3291090 | 3316918 | 3335432 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3574296 | 3587589 | 3591634 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3737722 | 3751419 | 3762982 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 4165444 | 4187102 | 4217814 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5976802 | 5989923 | 6006258 | T: ronald2048 |
| 7485410 | 7496032 | 7532672 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 7639173 | 7665961 | 7737669 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 8263701 | 8288639 | 8340470 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 9697158 | 9726444 | 9850122 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 11238393 | 11264727 | 11282663 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 11475779 | 11524911 | 11698376 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 12439796 | 12508522 | 12633485 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 15669647 | 15705540 | 15971138 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 17417791 | 17443079 | 17592116 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 17602690 | 17619939 | 17644426 | T: ronald3072 |
| 20496043 | 21019680 | 21282007 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 22523410 | 22601668 | 22744331 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 23842892 | 23972496 | 24357656 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 25838781 | 26584529 | 26810974 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 38843625 | 38871537 | 38906495 | T: ronald4096 |
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