Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Zen 2 (860f81); 2021 AMD Ryzen 3 5300U; 4 x 2600MHz; lucienne, supercop-20260217
[Page version: 20260315 18:26:08]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 52741 | 53160 | 53945 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 68886 | 69612 | 70358 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 99697 | 100548 | 101308 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 101367 | 102289 | 103289 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 123270 | 124074 | 125044 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 170867 | 172012 | 173628 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 449951? | 454841? | 571977? | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 480388 | 482187 | 542749 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 503065 | 507444 | 575252 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 859640 | 862936 | 866220 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1174332 | 1178833 | 1182940 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1266532 | 1270647 | 1275524 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1476396 | 1481142 | 1485416 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2765717 | 2768364 | 2774271 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3386629 | 3398377 | 3632450 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3501466 | 3506118 | 3597144 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4369123? | 4461757? | 6051916? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 4180484? | 4748904? | 5877946? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5139322 | 5150032 | 5165408 | T: C:4hfe |
| 5631863 | 5648208 | 6135236 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 6020236? | 6176433? | 9211657? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7131190 | 7136175 | 7142417 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 8365212 | 8448835 | 8923782 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 8553042 | 8591885 | 8649126 | T: lotus128 |
| 9424072 | 9502205 | 10147585 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9674770 | 9731723 | 10837357 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 11262170 | 11308312 | 11348814 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11471356 | 11490080 | 11935637 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 12226995 | 12284540 | 14052195 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 15144603 | 15653860 | 18369938 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17655706 | 17798116 | 17941916 | T: lotus192 |
| 18196294 | 18429868 | 21120934 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 17742536 | 18504756 | 20015914 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 23787762 | 23862648 | 25314972 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 27041492 | 27121807 | 28658644 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 28394691 | 28441505 | 28466135 | T: lotus256 |
| 28397701 | 30085033 | 32505880 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 29877797 | 30773374 | 32134986 | T: C:mceliece |
| 31801114 | 32073492 | 32534149 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 40660412 | 40778158 | 41373879 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 42689231 | 42851989 | 42984214 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 45520367 | 46007905 | 46575521 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 52799782 | 52945841 | 56286199 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 36563227? | 53105799? | 76127620? | T: ronald1024 |
| 61687721 | 62353789 | 62812670 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 68621328 | 68753486 | 68906715 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 70909121 | 71045436 | 71186230 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 83075206 | 84039406 | 84595973 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 86159880 | 86416622 | 86910340 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 93668393 | 93856764 | 95333314 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 67419635? | 97115654? | 162618966? | T: rsa2048 |
| 75431635? | 119058416? | 175931790? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 138399861 | 138859084 | 139573536 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 188449713? | 253558065? | 349200050? | T: ronald1536 |
| 346258091? | 516332603? | 759978339? | T: ronald2048 |
| 903184030? | 1487811531? | 2209875286? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3108101183 | 3182253771 | 3270974454 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2639126810? | 4345435391? | 6854825536? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 9039 | 9167 | 9262 | T: C:4hfe |
| 17984 | 18340 | 19243 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 18138 | 18413 | 19451 | T: rsa2048 |
| 38482 | 38939 | 46458 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 41773 | 42182 | 44525 | T: ronald1024 |
| 42786 | 43121 | 52289 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 45326 | 45965 | 46866 | T: C:mceliece |
| 49743 | 51179 | 53521 | T: ronald1536 |
| 62371 | 62740 | 63215 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 63223 | 64892 | 67596 | T: ronald2048 |
| 78622 | 78932 | 79284 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 97628 | 98103 | 98726 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 100156 | 102922 | 106453 | T: ronald3072 |
| 107285 | 107723 | 108269 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 130482 | 131314 | 131985 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 145743 | 149859 | 150449 | T: lotus128 |
| 148059 | 151194 | 154965 | T: ronald4096 |
| 171510 | 172193 | 173174 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 187009 | 187715 | 188918 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 226177 | 226635 | 227288 | T: lotus192 |
| 230085 | 230845 | 231631 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 272427 | 273421 | 275765 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 277369 | 278777 | 279991 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 263629 | 304212 | 307077 | T: lotus256 |
| 367007 | 369011 | 370500 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 448566 | 450620 | 451680 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 525009 | 527008 | 529910 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 542050 | 543019 | 543923 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 557297 | 560669 | 562942 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 597381 | 602751 | 693142 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 637797 | 640965 | 647602 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 680648 | 681693 | 682996 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 691505 | 694744 | 696522 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 728514 | 730315 | 770287 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 732443 | 763333 | 813289 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 780327 | 781689 | 846443 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 849992 | 852279 | 856219 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 872190 | 873440 | 930906 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 1003580 | 1006210 | 1024174 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1014735 | 1022170 | 1026648 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1134276 | 1136909 | 1139646 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1166716 | 1168421 | 1172501 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1388837 | 1390270 | 1392040 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1423253 | 1425071 | 1468463 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1471882 | 1473740 | 1476536 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1471347 | 1479572 | 1503640 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1533181 | 1537455 | 1542276 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1813656 | 1818477 | 1821301 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 1903450 | 1906894 | 1911967 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2074038 | 2076098 | 2081767 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2075605 | 2078460 | 2101621 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2076037 | 2079173 | 2082509 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2243490 | 2245913 | 2249846 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2632887 | 2635636 | 2638627 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2782127 | 2783975 | 2787674 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3130474 | 3133524 | 3137471 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3142614 | 3145056 | 3150948 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 16467204 | 16481523 | 16503139 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 42238? | 42559? | 53236? | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 46947? | 47181? | 61276? | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 69100 | 69557 | 70239 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 90680 | 90736 | 90905 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 108612 | 109298 | 110353 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 145510 | 151812 | 155127 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 155721 | 156356 | 157462 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 168137 | 168611 | 174472 | T: lotus128 |
| 206987 | 207585 | 209052 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 227989 | 230109 | 231419 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 272668 | 273057 | 273993 | T: lotus192 |
| 295004 | 296149 | 297708 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 326312 | 368756 | 373695 | T: lotus256 |
| 379683 | 383227 | 384398 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 774182 | 775568 | 776678 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 793244 | 803379 | 815151 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 819897 | 831956 | 835627 | T: C:mceliece |
| 852258 | 860668 | 870243 | T: ronald1024 |
| 990577 | 1012358 | 1032977 | T: C:4hfe |
| 1072234 | 1075317 | 1082782 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1085318 | 1091855 | 1100448 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1294037 | 1310238 | 1333126 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1347040 | 1353937 | 1360502 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1528262 | 1535812 | 1548930 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1547759 | 1551337 | 1556147 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1594117 | 1604124 | 1617058 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1835845 | 1851743 | 1883597 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 1901022 | 1906551 | 1919453 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 1893541 | 1913476 | 1950549 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1964123 | 1971452 | 1973931 | T: rsa2048 |
| 1974711 | 1980182 | 1984036 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2018655 | 2026750 | 2040170 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2075498 | 2083234 | 2094915 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2267721 | 2279544 | 2295956 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2316195 | 2317553 | 2340825 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2398088 | 2402633 | 2406766 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2434812 | 2437309 | 2456550 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2609781 | 2617760 | 2634568 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 2665840 | 2720142 | 2754757 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 2755241 | 2792112 | 2835557 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3220843 | 3247393 | 3265299 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3397370 | 3422295 | 3444043 | T: ronald2048 |
| 5223553 | 5233672 | 5260354 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 5319851 | 5343425 | 5356640 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 5439794 | 5541524 | 5617618 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6646444 | 6699954 | 6718694 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8092723 | 8111388 | 8121871 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 8687866 | 8712847 | 8737879 | T: ronald3072 |
| 8970831 | 9003052 | 9019656 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 10808250 | 10830364 | 10845595 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 11120989 | 11150567 | 11247190 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 12197284 | 12236029 | 12264586 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 13795432 | 13812006 | 13830178 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 15015301 | 15127956 | 15307942 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 16193972 | 16264518 | 16356808 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 16949655 | 16968065 | 17098120 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17861270 | 17904317 | 17965219 | T: ronald4096 |
| 107876538 | 108019601 | 108220610 | T: pqrsa15 |
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