Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Coffee Lake (806ea); 2018 Intel Core i3-8109U; 2 x 3000MHz; like, supercop-20260217
[Page version: 20260315 18:26:08]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 56953 | 57432 | 58187 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 71760 | 72398 | 73270 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 97347 | 97963 | 98911 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 104205 | 105143 | 106146 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 120322 | 121077 | 121987 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 178378 | 179732 | 180957 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 455818 | 457496 | 459542 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 528676 | 532054 | 535459 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 611626 | 614822 | 618472 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 1025702 | 1029351 | 1036242 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1038070 | 1043812 | 1051298 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1310930 | 1315587 | 1326231 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1531050 | 1536869 | 1544790 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 2454602 | 2466849 | 2508058 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3314756 | 3327306 | 3585646 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3471223 | 3481663 | 3706051 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4181193? | 4208236? | 5265354? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3807475? | 4540580? | 5594292? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5857973 | 5937798 | 6517853 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5812317? | 6188398? | 8747714? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7179186 | 7191985 | 7213593 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7896208 | 7919624 | 8542426 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9415821 | 9503859 | 10330494 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9479914 | 9543314 | 9722861 | T: lotus128 |
| 9589303 | 9620982 | 11555276 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 11316296 | 11916227 | 12942090 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 11793559 | 12036414 | 12074319 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 12803173 | 12815209 | 12921028 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 15409842 | 15571737 | 19105839 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18473927 | 18667198 | 18894175 | T: lotus192 |
| 19412432 | 20387328 | 22927050 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 19816836 | 20871683 | 21980525 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 20784282 | 20877174 | 20971364 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 27584778 | 27830660 | 28691526 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 30420360 | 31274590 | 33264830 | T: C:mceliece |
| 31768809 | 31880046 | 33163610 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 31943715 | 33275320 | 36099319 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 33986089 | 36822419 | 36995937 | T: lotus256 |
| 36892853 | 37309360 | 37741822 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 47054250 | 47511901 | 49145545 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 52907509 | 53636933 | 54270915 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 37846100? | 54834178? | 82020094? | T: ronald1024 |
| 62033452 | 62177103 | 62342125 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 69757197 | 70420470 | 71210531 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 77841907 | 77985413 | 78129104 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 83474207 | 83992362 | 85351950 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 61887748? | 95600218? | 167088879? | T: rsa2048 |
| 95194923 | 95926081 | 96599625 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 59632934? | 97184037? | 149004616? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 97373864 | 97711458 | 98372495 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 107965720 | 108149177 | 108388224 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 159509416 | 160074194 | 161065056 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 162208754? | 247631495? | 378688785? | T: ronald1536 |
| 325409399? | 461181249? | 700542468? | T: ronald2048 |
| 915546632? | 1472044481? | 2178826798? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3112121184 | 3214736744 | 3319093899 | T: pqrsa15 |
| -608228310 | 3338003924 | 5004795170 | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 22052 | 22577 | 23425 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 22031 | 22843 | 24380 | T: rsa2048 |
| 38166 | 38348 | 39975 | T: ronald1024 |
| 41888 | 42153 | 42431 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 47396 | 47640 | 47921 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 48649 | 48873 | 51424 | T: ronald1536 |
| 51538 | 52293 | 53050 | T: C:mceliece |
| 61352 | 63625 | 66586 | T: ronald2048 |
| 68492 | 68814 | 69230 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 87822 | 88151 | 88584 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 98029 | 99842 | 103830 | T: ronald3072 |
| 106263 | 106906 | 107627 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 106449 | 107019 | 107519 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 142000 | 143169 | 144112 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 146939 | 147564 | 148063 | T: lotus128 |
| 145461 | 148452 | 152614 | T: ronald4096 |
| 188404 | 189130 | 190129 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 193224 | 194337 | 195428 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 211770 | 212485 | 213831 | T: lotus192 |
| 240819 | 241889 | 243264 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 289249 | 294481 | 321803 | T: lotus256 |
| 292319 | 295995 | 306505 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 307237 | 308409 | 309907 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 400491 | 402065 | 411682 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 491611 | 493391 | 495304 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 578483 | 579141 | 580447 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 596989 | 598946 | 602471 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 599074 | 606392 | 608344 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 637198 | 637870 | 638652 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 663750 | 665443 | 667265 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 697459 | 699178 | 701679 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 750084 | 750540 | 751356 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 746898 | 753411 | 755803 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 766363 | 766941 | 767720 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 790121 | 796504 | 797530 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 834996 | 837515 | 841310 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 940443 | 941632 | 945030 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1061790 | 1063046 | 1064553 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1122696 | 1124524 | 1128745 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1126535 | 1129993 | 1132200 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1222175 | 1224017 | 1225538 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1389037 | 1391140 | 1392736 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1417469 | 1420886 | 1425274 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1446778 | 1447996 | 1451116 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1462937 | 1466031 | 1473581 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1615612 | 1621152 | 1630800 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1809432 | 1815798 | 1827260 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1929318 | 1934190 | 1949503 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2292583 | 2296550 | 2301098 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2381087 | 2382757 | 2387985 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2484352 | 2489982 | 2500467 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2606772 | 2614932 | 2680858 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2663676 | 2670678 | 2691765 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2958469 | 2959982 | 2967682 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3304850 | 3315396 | 3331767 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3391261 | 3395885 | 3405421 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18068364 | 18092498 | 18117969 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 45468 | 45638 | 45922 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 51093 | 51271 | 51686 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 75090 | 75353 | 76093 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 101786 | 102131 | 102973 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 106786 | 108148 | 110851 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 135739 | 136516 | 139061 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 162742 | 165524 | 170016 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 169191 | 170655 | 171610 | T: lotus128 |
| 229898 | 232503 | 239413 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 238852 | 240669 | 244804 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 249973 | 250862 | 254244 | T: lotus192 |
| 303449 | 305791 | 309488 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 359236 | 364555 | 384087 | T: lotus256 |
| 426627 | 428101 | 431726 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 743218 | 744809 | 745840 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 826222 | 842830 | 850871 | T: C:mceliece |
| 910268 | 919771 | 929577 | T: ronald1024 |
| 939357 | 944600 | 951263 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1242802 | 1248975 | 1256752 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1266904 | 1275356 | 1291855 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1512260 | 1521047 | 1532242 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1541332 | 1555492 | 1571759 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1803527 | 1812654 | 1823658 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1805994 | 1815639 | 1822841 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1837858 | 1845266 | 1856770 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1857222 | 1867699 | 1879403 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2089443 | 2094464 | 2099834 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2094210 | 2103729 | 2106379 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2141950 | 2159084 | 2177542 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2153267 | 2160839 | 2183956 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2206825 | 2222434 | 2237842 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2273940 | 2282126 | 2287458 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2317011 | 2335469 | 2357404 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2364124 | 2411972 | 2444693 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2618041 | 2625623 | 2637237 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2824539 | 2859531 | 2871990 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3107293 | 3129190 | 3169841 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3178365 | 3191371 | 3199740 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3359564 | 3369073 | 3448472 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3486896 | 3514496 | 3570302 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3810747 | 3845433 | 3866984 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5876320 | 5905885 | 5942773 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 6543228 | 6553531 | 6565203 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 6635776 | 6668832 | 6731451 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7728284 | 7746562 | 7782713 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8790652 | 8987692 | 9033843 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9347083 | 9389690 | 9410573 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 9456585 | 9482320 | 9506322 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10663203 | 10704267 | 10836385 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 13167170 | 13189375 | 13488344 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 14191003 | 14212002 | 14321182 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 16373193 | 16400648 | 16441219 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 17773331 | 17829395 | 18409020 | T: ronald4096 |
| 18694251 | 18772928 | 18827960 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 19457475 | 19485602 | 19515589 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 20237144 | 20293284 | 20404748 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 107319273 | 107419706 | 107550017 | T: pqrsa15 |
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