Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Coffee Lake (806ea); 2018 Intel Core i3-8109U; 2 x 3000MHz; like, supercop-20260831
[Page version: 20260904 18:04:11]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 56794 | 57574 | 58306 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 70793 | 71391 | 72179 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 96979 | 98158 | 103286 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 104167 | 104975 | 106089 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 119878 | 120841 | 121528 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 178937 | 180340 | 181701 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 454543 | 456548 | 458762 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 529784 | 534447 | 557413 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 611277 | 614720 | 618219 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 1024995 | 1028331 | 1031656 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1038470 | 1043196 | 1048079 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1308332 | 1314220 | 1317633 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1535507 | 1540084 | 1545695 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 2454602 | 2466849 | 2508058 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3314756 | 3327306 | 3585646 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3471223 | 3481663 | 3706051 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4181193? | 4208236? | 5265354? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3807475? | 4540580? | 5594292? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5857973 | 5937798 | 6517853 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5812317? | 6188398? | 8747714? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7179186 | 7191985 | 7213593 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7896208 | 7919624 | 8542426 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9399698 | 9420888 | 9455696 | T: lotus128 |
| 9415821 | 9503859 | 10330494 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9589303 | 9620982 | 11555276 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 11316296 | 11916227 | 12942090 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 11793559 | 12036414 | 12074319 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 12803173 | 12815209 | 12921028 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 15409842 | 15571737 | 19105839 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17961322 | 18251850 | 18728861 | T: lotus192 |
| 19412432 | 20387328 | 22927050 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 20787290 | 20856589 | 20914986 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 19816836 | 20871683 | 21980525 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 27584778 | 27830660 | 28691526 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 29733342 | 30550172 | 31681854 | T: C:mceliece |
| 30729658 | 31028765 | 31331150 | T: lotus256 |
| 32033211 | 32090786 | 32167180 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 31943715 | 33275320 | 36099319 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 36892853 | 37309360 | 37741822 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 47054250 | 47511901 | 49145545 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 52907509 | 53636933 | 54270915 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 36293831? | 54529907? | 71931876? | T: ronald1024 |
| 62033452 | 62177103 | 62342125 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 69757197 | 70420470 | 71210531 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 77841907 | 77985413 | 78129104 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 83474207 | 83992362 | 85351950 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 95194923 | 95926081 | 96599625 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 97373864 | 97711458 | 98372495 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 60900722? | 102755706? | 153504764? | T: rsa2048 |
| 64271875? | 108074185? | 157541104? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 107965720 | 108149177 | 108388224 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 159509416 | 160074194 | 161065056 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 182318517? | 278381598? | 389395779? | T: ronald1536 |
| 288301929? | 424901854? | 597458260? | T: ronald2048 |
| 1072979167? | 1656147142? | 2528478221? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3104008416 | 3195395810 | 3285860435 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2690323563? | 4043021977? | 6503507168? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 21006 | 21422 | 22220 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 21007 | 21512 | 22386 | T: rsa2048 |
| 36526 | 37490 | 38329 | T: ronald1024 |
| 42033 | 42490 | 44735 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 46527 | 47087 | 48194 | T: ronald1536 |
| 47431 | 47694 | 47984 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 51551 | 52137 | 52715 | T: C:mceliece |
| 59942 | 61254 | 62500 | T: ronald2048 |
| 68297 | 68672 | 69012 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 88044 | 88423 | 88912 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 94538 | 96054 | 97576 | T: ronald3072 |
| 106122 | 106531 | 107219 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 106349 | 106834 | 107514 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 141616 | 142332 | 143299 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 140987 | 142480 | 144242 | T: ronald4096 |
| 148791 | 149554 | 150288 | T: lotus128 |
| 188200 | 189093 | 190120 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 192622 | 193607 | 194541 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 211164 | 212065 | 214942 | T: lotus192 |
| 239505 | 240342 | 241323 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 292319 | 295995 | 306505 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 303671 | 304186 | 305062 | T: lotus256 |
| 307393 | 308791 | 310150 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 400491 | 402065 | 411682 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 491611 | 493391 | 495304 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 578483 | 579141 | 580447 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 596989 | 598946 | 602471 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 599074 | 606392 | 608344 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 637198 | 637870 | 638652 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 664922 | 665972 | 669096 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 697459 | 699178 | 701679 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 750084 | 750540 | 751356 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 746898 | 753411 | 755803 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 766363 | 766941 | 767720 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 790121 | 796504 | 797530 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 834996 | 837515 | 841310 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 940443 | 941632 | 945030 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1061790 | 1063046 | 1064553 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1122696 | 1124524 | 1128745 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1126535 | 1129993 | 1132200 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1222175 | 1224017 | 1225538 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1389037 | 1391140 | 1392736 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1414614 | 1417989 | 1420391 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1446778 | 1447996 | 1451116 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1462937 | 1466031 | 1473581 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1615612 | 1621152 | 1630800 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1795931 | 1801347 | 1806822 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1929318 | 1934190 | 1949503 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2292583 | 2296550 | 2301098 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2381087 | 2382757 | 2387985 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2484352 | 2489982 | 2500467 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2662099 | 2668149 | 2678997 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2663676 | 2670678 | 2691765 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2958469 | 2959982 | 2967682 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3304850 | 3315396 | 3331767 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3391261 | 3395885 | 3405421 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17433151 | 17446535 | 17492521 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 45620 | 46443 | 49089 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 51057 | 51253 | 51659 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 75052 | 75292 | 75964 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 101407 | 101760 | 102585 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 106915 | 108498 | 110566 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 135070 | 137072 | 139884 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 165151 | 167409 | 170902 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 171540 | 172094 | 173076 | T: lotus128 |
| 227649 | 230538 | 237236 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 237913 | 239814 | 244033 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 250514 | 252668 | 258308 | T: lotus192 |
| 304445 | 305696 | 309825 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 366924 | 368130 | 369271 | T: lotus256 |
| 426457 | 429042 | 431747 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 743928 | 745524 | 748427 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 819353 | 829060 | 849413 | T: C:mceliece |
| 911747 | 921888 | 933339 | T: ronald1024 |
| 939357 | 944600 | 951263 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1242802 | 1248975 | 1256752 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1266904 | 1275356 | 1291855 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1512260 | 1521047 | 1532242 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1541332 | 1555492 | 1571759 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1808119 | 1812344 | 1820212 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1803527 | 1812654 | 1823658 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1837858 | 1845266 | 1856770 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1857222 | 1867699 | 1879403 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2093532 | 2097929 | 2105755 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2100502 | 2101553 | 2110523 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2135768 | 2149608 | 2156581 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2141950 | 2159084 | 2177542 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2206825 | 2222434 | 2237842 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2273940 | 2282126 | 2287458 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2317011 | 2335469 | 2357404 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2351504 | 2364102 | 2374961 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2618041 | 2625623 | 2637237 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2824539 | 2859531 | 2871990 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3107293 | 3129190 | 3169841 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3178365 | 3191371 | 3199740 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3359564 | 3369073 | 3448472 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3472545 | 3488475 | 3507394 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3810747 | 3845433 | 3866984 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5876320 | 5905885 | 5942773 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 6543228 | 6553531 | 6565203 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 6635776 | 6668832 | 6731451 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7728284 | 7746562 | 7782713 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8718430 | 8764717 | 8951395 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9357085 | 9365343 | 9401979 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 9456585 | 9482320 | 9506322 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10663203 | 10704267 | 10836385 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 13167170 | 13189375 | 13488344 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 14191003 | 14212002 | 14321182 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 16373193 | 16400648 | 16441219 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 17732140 | 17766890 | 17804763 | T: ronald4096 |
| 18694251 | 18772928 | 18827960 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 19457475 | 19485602 | 19515589 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 20237144 | 20293284 | 20404748 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 107282202 | 107344938 | 107483340 | T: pqrsa15 |
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