Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Comet Lake (806ec); 2019 Intel Core i3-10110U; 2 x 2100MHz; know, supercop-20260831
[Page version: 20260905 10:39:45]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 56437 | 57091 | 57751 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 74851 | 75649 | 76616 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 102799 | 103454 | 104424 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 104594 | 105431 | 106726 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 131666 | 132420 | 133182 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 170284 | 171718 | 173707 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 441867 | 444139 | 446900 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 522242 | 523623 | 524945 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 631054 | 634800 | 638310 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 1162981 | 1167986 | 1174112 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1244072 | 1248340 | 1253727 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1471373 | 1477638 | 1489734 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1788615 | 1838528 | 1857491 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 2495562 | 2501640 | 2549158 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3251999 | 3256295 | 3301360 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3428452 | 3442554 | 3692004 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4120609? | 4136772? | 5267718? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3832173? | 4645575? | 6001930? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5642441 | 5667860 | 6050555 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5884372? | 6045214? | 8604982? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7039767 | 7059833 | 7146046 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7810799 | 7917486 | 8178415 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9174234 | 9330363 | 10280269 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9308591? | 9331647? | 11667956? | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9672474 | 10211438 | 10368937 | T: lotus128 |
| 11231324 | 11271266 | 11297350 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11327320 | 11868069 | 12869473 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 11985852 | 12010108 | 12042258 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 14933668 | 14973457 | 17673848 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18498614 | 18549131 | 20939601 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 18550785 | 18655062 | 18752097 | T: lotus192 |
| 18647617 | 19759893 | 20792476 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 26707526 | 26858830 | 26984993 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 30279130 | 30493482 | 33877798 | T: lotus256 |
| 30421740 | 30528040 | 30830412 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 29310503 | 30657809 | 32657669 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 31160790 | 32320131 | 34732053 | T: C:mceliece |
| 34345896 | 34413224 | 34542839 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 40622843 | 40920427 | 41414093 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 36405193? | 51359208? | 81669217? | T: ronald1024 |
| 52122463 | 52203569 | 52411850 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 58266597 | 58643093 | 59343033 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 66687935 | 66783360 | 66914621 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 74721554 | 75135227 | 75791807 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 83804525 | 83910770 | 84069837 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 89693633 | 89813760 | 90005157 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 64885290? | 93534262? | 150630183? | T: rsa2048 |
| 101257511 | 101716820 | 102541581 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 66442050? | 103488020? | 161507919? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 103190898 | 103612485 | 104200114 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 116188465 | 116357533 | 116559855 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 171353052 | 171873426 | 172636421 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 187890808? | 280381790? | 397020204? | T: ronald1536 |
| 300770506? | 443645570? | 670763501? | T: ronald2048 |
| 997158151? | 1592803176? | 2360082412? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3159411432 | 3258692913 | 3338708449 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2640069811? | 3960303380? | 6088111349? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 22741 | 23186 | 24499 | T: rsa2048 |
| 23028 | 23686 | 24880 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 36239 | 36512 | 37996 | T: ronald1024 |
| 45789 | 46106 | 46452 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 47120 | 47535 | 48022 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 47514 | 48006 | 50471 | T: ronald1536 |
| 51360 | 52104 | 52634 | T: C:mceliece |
| 61197 | 63404 | 65358 | T: ronald2048 |
| 71083 | 71436 | 71718 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 92225 | 92561 | 93026 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 98624 | 100795 | 103713 | T: ronald3072 |
| 110498 | 111015 | 111772 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 111949 | 112490 | 113123 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 142861 | 143703 | 144790 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 143033 | 146514 | 150421 | T: ronald4096 |
| 133246 | 148430 | 149890 | T: lotus128 |
| 190106 | 190907 | 191658 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 195802 | 196776 | 197672 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 226122 | 226517 | 227110 | T: lotus192 |
| 252915 | 253737 | 254777 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 279032 | 281372 | 312692 | T: lotus256 |
| 290598 | 291514 | 292620 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 305460 | 306712 | 308282 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 392119 | 393234 | 394854 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 479274 | 480893 | 482656 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 566820 | 567414 | 568814 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 582106 | 584205 | 586881 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 614348 | 615434 | 617569 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 627357 | 627782 | 628604 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 685502 | 689159 | 702880 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 719445 | 720793 | 722370 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 758978 | 760679 | 763922 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 804881 | 806308 | 809834 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 813507 | 816417 | 833463 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 862060 | 867102 | 868587 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 913569 | 914213 | 914906 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 933321 | 934813 | 939185 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1116954 | 1121095 | 1124919 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1119152 | 1122370 | 1127360 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1189396 | 1195200 | 1205028 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1234229 | 1238960 | 1244415 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1462528 | 1464474 | 1468034 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1579637 | 1583134 | 1587665 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1616201 | 1620091 | 1627302 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1627028 | 1632080 | 1640026 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1631579 | 1636670 | 1650742 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1974176 | 1982855 | 1989175 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1989988 | 2002134 | 2012452 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2276920 | 2283103 | 2286050 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2275375 | 2285723 | 2292705 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2478400 | 2483129 | 2488432 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2820808 | 2830950 | 2866562 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2955849 | 2964848 | 2970971 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 3154634 | 3194140 | 3206245 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3481859 | 3502891 | 3520767 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3612057 | 3617051 | 3625768 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17494251 | 17537287 | 17557681 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 47172 | 47347 | 47859 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 51806 | 51962 | 52365 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 82760 | 83061 | 83862 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 112803 | 113143 | 113860 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 115568 | 116918 | 120036 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 149760 | 151039 | 154893 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 158759 | 175851 | 176558 | T: lotus128 |
| 181803 | 184319 | 188817 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 232748 | 234659 | 242143 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 264692 | 264908 | 265223 | T: lotus192 |
| 263743 | 265142 | 269260 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 317076 | 319723 | 324792 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 349557 | 353783 | 379584 | T: lotus256 |
| 425715 | 428359 | 432822 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 844786 | 845862 | 846457 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 848124 | 858739 | 874349 | T: C:mceliece |
| 872095 | 881850 | 893376 | T: ronald1024 |
| 955571 | 964422 | 975507 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1277468 | 1285728 | 1295390 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1301112 | 1308495 | 1322583 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1543990 | 1557860 | 1599286 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1564046 | 1572197 | 1580846 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1813677 | 1820969 | 1829903 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1814027 | 1822977 | 1832069 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1857822 | 1868850 | 1880164 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2003542 | 2036126 | 2044544 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2088278 | 2090420 | 2092953 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2099388 | 2102650 | 2111540 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2101602 | 2103622 | 2105326 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2156785 | 2167420 | 2180194 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2190701 | 2202111 | 2219157 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2337707 | 2361641 | 2409186 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2360017 | 2370182 | 2379052 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2369455 | 2382904 | 2402177 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2468415 | 2476183 | 2489639 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2479640 | 2490577 | 2528188 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2790500 | 2816364 | 2840824 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 2843741 | 2875385 | 2886400 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3140029 | 3151383 | 3166653 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3496458 | 3514060 | 3534312 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3441550 | 3519022 | 3537319 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5374341 | 5404443 | 5451423 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 5656798 | 5670169 | 5681294 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 5967390 | 6011038 | 6022866 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7079084 | 7121467 | 7181353 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8515181 | 8570136 | 8626807 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 8807187 | 8857214 | 9085267 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9316289 | 9338434 | 9360863 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 11605419 | 11626693 | 11661671 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 11984817 | 12002393 | 12048444 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 12512494 | 12575078 | 12676859 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 15132491 | 15229051 | 15311314 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 17127784 | 17179580 | 17239989 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 17182908 | 17304261 | 17569422 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 18034097 | 18083609 | 18632955 | T: ronald4096 |
| 18353713 | 18470236 | 18606849 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 107690247 | 107817573 | 107898610 | T: pqrsa15 |
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