Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Ivy Bridge+AES (306a9); 2012 Intel Core i5-3210M; 2 x 2500MHz; h9ivy, supercop-20260330
[Page version: 20260503 04:12:58]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
old
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 69215 | 70687 | 71687 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 89659 | 90843 | 92625 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 133538 | 134644 | 136239 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 131989 | 135655 | 137827 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 168328 | 170925 | 172751 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 225780 | 229399 | 231862 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 432401 | 435443 | 440472 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 561995 | 565213 | 570919 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 852754 | 858542 | 865677 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1270292 | 1275830 | 1282355 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 10113476 | 10117759 | 10126348 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 14798824 | 14820296 | 14840776 | T: lotus128 |
| 19577589 | 19582681 | 19594475 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 28261885 | 28304856 | 28538630 | T: lotus192 |
| 31602642 | 31725038 | 31854988 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 31582983 | 33132652 | 35977825 | T: C:mceliece |
| 36915059 | 36924588 | 36941515 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 38614579 | 38795250 | 38975235 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 50182871 | 50437684 | 51113131 | T: lotus256 |
| 52246718 | 52728724 | 53525372 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 64814686 | 64840333 | 64875593 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 66013429 | 66374708 | 66771625 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 74200747 | 74652513 | 75489094 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 76678594 | 76726168 | 76902401 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 81051680 | 81275670 | 83328771 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 53714537? | 81914453? | 117307871? | T: ronald1024 |
| 86400794 | 87491076 | 89213214 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 88563811 | 88666339 | 88827503 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 103238044 | 103530006 | 104172461 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 116906688 | 117040238 | 117200858 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 119196816 | 119325819 | 119544415 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 134468826 | 134888899 | 135674542 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 144744112 | 145172288 | 145774764 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 87428444? | 152417932? | 250409931? | T: rsa2048 |
| 162194672 | 162334334 | 162578065 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 86934523? | 167111777? | 266541424? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 171192705 | 171244747 | 171469887 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 193449187 | 193551984 | 196845465 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 215374728 | 216150765 | 219217567 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 231402054 | 231858593 | 232714379 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 233659559 | 233722373 | 234166229 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 234753091 | 235093843 | 235769348 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 248771053 | 248819458 | 248867724 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 282142897 | 282318485 | 283266624 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 293880085 | 294096933 | 294993433 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 301555468 | 301620528 | 301678320 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 279852960? | 396169249? | 573638213? | T: ronald1536 |
| 515981595 | 516217447 | 516441936 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 648203024 | 648353639 | 651803447 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 695983814 | 697393543 | 699806946 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 715394070 | 715537639 | 719356131 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 734177682 | 735126216 | 737478954 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 551960945? | 778052538? | 1063532060? | T: ronald2048 |
| 1625268714 | 1626700209 | 1630408718 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 1631405970? | 2405035094? | 3954891404? | T: ronald3072 |
| -1568569442 | 4700157403 | 4844847886 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 4553586846? | 6724514594? | 9857345061? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 33113 | 34066 | 35317 | T: rsa2048 |
| 33562 | 34491 | 36606 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 45644 | 46028 | 46406 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 46778 | 47417 | 48105 | T: C:mceliece |
| 47709 | 48061 | 49448 | T: ronald1024 |
| 51370 | 51714 | 52286 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 62824 | 63410 | 64859 | T: ronald1536 |
| 76030 | 76358 | 76986 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 81953 | 83301 | 84707 | T: ronald2048 |
| 96201 | 96723 | 97385 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 134242 | 135902 | 138254 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 138230 | 139158 | 141244 | T: ronald3072 |
| 143083 | 144446 | 145388 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 175954 | 177880 | 182420 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 210732 | 212658 | 215167 | T: ronald4096 |
| 241210 | 245048 | 247439 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 262863 | 272496 | 274088 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 321196 | 325848 | 338254 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 342449 | 348716 | 352146 | T: lotus128 |
| 380036 | 381832 | 383800 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 397365 | 403374 | 406937 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 514646 | 515963 | 519243 | T: lotus192 |
| 514131 | 516466 | 519033 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 633006 | 634689 | 637983 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 726910 | 728386 | 734356 | T: lotus256 |
| 748405 | 749115 | 752648 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 783755 | 786610 | 791464 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 806008 | 819563 | 827831 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 924380 | 926345 | 930665 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 991046 | 999032 | 1006070 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1262073 | 1268568 | 1291117 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1477912 | 1481780 | 1489440 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1676922 | 1679547 | 1686677 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2178118 | 2182677 | 2189945 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 4864648 | 4911369 | 4945375 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 8585272 | 8592481 | 8601044 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 8641484 | 8652953 | 8663444 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 9204029 | 9278077 | 9326321 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 9346224 | 9353002 | 9359496 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 11322657 | 11332394 | 11342644 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 11564471 | 11576852 | 11591049 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 12135309 | 12154230 | 12175570 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 12156456 | 12172110 | 12183966 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 17795052 | 17840805 | 17936699 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 22962748 | 22975498 | 22987262 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 24279792 | 24296658 | 24322331 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 28723212 | 28740192 | 28764181 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 29868867 | 29884801 | 29906920 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 32471816 | 32492279 | 32514757 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 33411512 | 33564531 | 33795118 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 35215429 | 35281350 | 35405145 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 38040461 | 38071851 | 38133032 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 44148382 | 44174280 | 44200283 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 49259249 | 49302558 | 49339271 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 68465073 | 68487101 | 68515911 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 75144257 | 75173405 | 75206881 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 87441019 | 87467798 | 87498169 | T: ledapkc54sl |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 47111 | 47596 | 48806 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 52546 | 53047 | 54867 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 84367 | 84998 | 86290 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 109650 | 110797 | 114099 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 163534 | 168668 | 174799 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 211435 | 214555 | 220235 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 237938 | 242207 | 246290 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 327158 | 330292 | 337472 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 369038 | 374779 | 377670 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 406497 | 407685 | 412001 | T: lotus128 |
| 446749 | 453444 | 465572 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 569530 | 574049 | 578611 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 645574 | 647550 | 652513 | T: lotus192 |
| 941956 | 950149 | 959485 | T: lotus256 |
| 1070043 | 1081591 | 1090532 | T: C:mceliece |
| 1090551 | 1098428 | 1109253 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1237052 | 1246896 | 1256751 | T: ronald1024 |
| 1495471 | 1505359 | 1522873 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1488463 | 1505572 | 1518594 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1840334 | 1851200 | 1863089 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1851000 | 1862905 | 1879716 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 2157238 | 2168338 | 2183627 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 2232256 | 2244075 | 2257299 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 2280584 | 2292276 | 2307887 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2647278 | 2659349 | 2672941 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2695328 | 2707433 | 2728058 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2951672 | 2963581 | 2976847 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 3233648 | 3243458 | 3262270 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 3277910 | 3313872 | 3387674 | T: rsa2048 |
| 3306589 | 3326264 | 3342950 | T: ronald1536 |
| 3841491 | 3850448 | 3869301 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 4647978 | 4651088 | 4653876 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 5344048 | 5367901 | 5403550 | T: ronald2048 |
| 5366483 | 5374434 | 5410947 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 5578154 | 5608607 | 5654743 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 6379157 | 6394599 | 6415294 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 6754144 | 6776670 | 6835196 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 7624654 | 7650450 | 7693338 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 9511368 | 9604368 | 9672069 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 12101842 | 12159302 | 12223949 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 13718275 | 13823858 | 13842415 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 14344685 | 14379033 | 14391671 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 14357629 | 14398605 | 14450755 | T: ronald3072 |
| 15358785 | 15388607 | 15595946 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 15666070 | 15700468 | 15755568 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 18746875 | 18787613 | 18883281 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 18815394 | 18988663 | 18997245 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 21080161 | 21091281 | 21107636 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 24220634 | 24240846 | 24258991 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 28801884 | 28826016 | 28847696 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 30513177 | 30598033 | 30643359 | T: ronald4096 |
| 32397596 | 32422215 | 32448780 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 34529437 | 34691983 | 34906729 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 34670308 | 34693930 | 34766288 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 38627625 | 38665164 | 38732202 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 45111382 | 45132750 | 45207393 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 170066586 | 170104768 | 170137896 | T: pqrsa15 |
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