Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Gracemont (b06a2-20); 2024 Intel Core 5 210H, E cores; 4 x 1600MHz; freshwrap,little, supercop-20261018
[Page version: 20261107 07:58:49]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 64836 | 65442 | 66510 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 90345 | 91443 | 93136 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 135384 | 137437 | 139213 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 136106 | 138182 | 139940 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 177395 | 178516 | 179799 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 248508 | 254673 | 256925 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 486067 | 492622 | 503563 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 568029 | 572004 | 578400 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 892767 | 897909 | 901766 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 1000190 | 1007045 | 1016493 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1503388 | 1512492 | 1524177 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1812086 | 1817703 | 1823573 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2318546 | 2322359 | 2327008 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2685818 | 2783941 | 2901591 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3297210 | 3304020 | 3436256 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3499654 | 3523141 | 3720694 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4362549? | 4572523? | 6162366? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3849727? | 4714706? | 6249750? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 6281593 | 6398454 | 7069975 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 7243716 | 7354069 | 7454741 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7618730 | 7640350 | 7790066 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 6342225? | 7730702? | 10052009? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 9280857 | 9607236 | 10384237 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10117184 | 10228440 | 11954776 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 10629532 | 10652461 | 11123442 | T: lotus128 |
| 11195783 | 11394738 | 12909408 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 12767537 | 13163341 | 13212792 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 13085207 | 13457356 | 13847229 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 17751605 | 18092769 | 19565936 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 19558597 | 19835752 | 22600275 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 18913479 | 20006572 | 21752171 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 20517341 | 20601766 | 20672078 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 22855268 | 22873516 | 23230854 | T: lotus192 |
| 28721122 | 29635911 | 31304012 | T: C:mceliece |
| 30373988 | 30543161 | 32699242 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 34157742 | 34230115 | 34305291 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 34451936 | 34590976 | 34619976 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 38725841 | 38772230 | 39353424 | T: lotus256 |
| 45520640 | 45719923 | 46120005 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 58522132 | 58612020 | 58713719 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 65170096 | 65500962 | 66046849 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 75757248 | 75928038 | 76108382 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 84320920 | 84610729 | 85011344 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 68907483? | 95009754? | 134774251? | T: ronald1024 |
| 96227788 | 96378313 | 96572409 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 101924160 | 102107658 | 102298974 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 114282886 | 114612287 | 115177711 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 119284598 | 119737143 | 120457254 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 131155147 | 131358664 | 131565270 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 191554374 | 192189890 | 193054511 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 272945526? | 452547255? | 707612543? | T: ronald1536 |
| 613165669? | 1022048449? | 1482637881? | T: ronald2048 |
| 2330647532? | 3448644092? | 5305558399? | T: ronald3072 |
| 5581874528? | 8939325053? | 14354476819? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 35978 | 36221 | 36573 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 38797 | 39340 | 39882 | T: ronald1024 |
| 40935 | 41152 | 41488 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 50110 | 50737 | 51474 | T: C:mceliece |
| 55612 | 56326 | 57125 | T: ronald1536 |
| 58610 | 58901 | 59217 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 74418 | 74681 | 75075 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 77144 | 77891 | 79009 | T: ronald2048 |
| 104058 | 104513 | 105074 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 129407 | 131246 | 134112 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 143736 | 144708 | 145856 | T: ronald3072 |
| 165565 | 166287 | 170149 | T: lotus128 |
| 177121 | 185108 | 186654 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 232889 | 233925 | 235349 | T: ronald4096 |
| 245239 | 246085 | 248692 | T: lotus192 |
| 249954 | 252930 | 255218 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 269851 | 271763 | 273820 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 306943 | 308155 | 309418 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 341369 | 349301 | 354378 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 348296 | 352170 | 364000 | T: lotus256 |
| 412889 | 413863 | 414976 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 436512 | 438444 | 441070 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 562522 | 563334 | 564991 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 643407 | 646293 | 649100 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 657021 | 658821 | 660506 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 670501 | 671806 | 674021 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 686923 | 688385 | 690869 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 735938 | 738456 | 740888 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 746259 | 749589 | 757766 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 758740 | 762467 | 766257 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 791877 | 794064 | 795888 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 871693 | 874024 | 875697 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 940859 | 944318 | 959812 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 952018 | 953322 | 955329 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 968523 | 981416 | 986922 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1073624 | 1075631 | 1078149 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1280382 | 1282080 | 1284175 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1288507 | 1296310 | 1299867 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1460469 | 1461518 | 1483473 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1462684 | 1465274 | 1467803 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1544066 | 1553585 | 1593367 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1622844 | 1624473 | 1644939 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1786420 | 1790935 | 1793388 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1864019 | 1868000 | 1875107 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 1930439 | 1933897 | 1937842 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2277996 | 2287531 | 2313263 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2467826 | 2490476 | 2499965 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2546234 | 2549893 | 2554783 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2550281 | 2602412 | 2611336 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2745523 | 2751704 | 2761402 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 3096038 | 3105665 | 3115822 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 3412954 | 3448514 | 3471581 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 4006444 | 4008078 | 4010033 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 4446231 | 4452839 | 4457840 | T: ledapkc52sl |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 39397 | 39619 | 40541 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 44603 | 44781 | 45266 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 64907 | 65038 | 65640 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 86826 | 87002 | 87598 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 131848 | 134114 | 137752 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 169950 | 174126 | 176677 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 205968 | 206404 | 207837 | T: lotus128 |
| 244974 | 246812 | 250353 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 309162 | 310047 | 315146 | T: lotus192 |
| 342082 | 345507 | 347850 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 379257 | 380176 | 381580 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 449487 | 454769 | 467365 | T: lotus256 |
| 474321 | 487227 | 496164 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 614404 | 615853 | 619707 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 759714 | 764752 | 766694 | T: C:mceliece |
| 865871 | 871739 | 878711 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1044313 | 1048302 | 1063629 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 1141559 | 1149930 | 1156699 | T: ronald1024 |
| 1180264 | 1189197 | 1195490 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1181850 | 1191211 | 1201393 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1458926 | 1467761 | 1478666 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1520557 | 1529328 | 1539451 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1788261 | 1794690 | 1804472 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1821880 | 1828510 | 1835900 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1879588 | 1892928 | 1905481 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2139389 | 2151829 | 2162669 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2224922 | 2241170 | 2286473 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2389600 | 2395028 | 2403171 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2450696 | 2463904 | 2488940 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2891957 | 2893472 | 2911924 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 3026837 | 3032278 | 3036776 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 3138818 | 3184893 | 3205296 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3219687 | 3224233 | 3227813 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3306191 | 3319740 | 3332235 | T: ronald1536 |
| 3449239 | 3451291 | 3515944 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3906304 | 3918635 | 3937370 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 4017125 | 4045240 | 4081674 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 4458338 | 4464339 | 4512404 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 6016476 | 6030575 | 6043698 | T: ronald2048 |
| 8248722 | 8251512 | 8255266 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 8334531 | 8342265 | 8539883 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 8682241 | 8765656 | 8819472 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 10762396 | 10776581 | 11159354 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 11589832 | 11623428 | 11643650 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 12711881 | 12771183 | 12980579 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 13967509 | 14026943 | 14468918 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 17540911 | 17561787 | 17587344 | T: ronald3072 |
| 18447943 | 18803293 | 19096681 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 20605791 | 21006192 | 21217130 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 25348191 | 25642935 | 25806599 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 27243599 | 27532168 | 27624971 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 28769613 | 28911748 | 29041694 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 31219669 | 31250813 | 31364577 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 38874071 | 38905591 | 38941427 | T: ronald4096 |
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