Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Zen (820f01); 2020 AMD Athlon Silver 3050e; 2 x 1400MHz; dali, supercop-20260627
[Page version: 20260707 03:12:36]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 63276 | 63872 | 64591 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 85256 | 86298 | 87191 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 125709 | 127459 | 129411 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 127074 | 127940 | 129118 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 165039 | 165902 | 166867 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 227540 | 229849 | 232755 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 422361 | 424660 | 426950 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 488330 | 491464 | 494591 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 747256 | 749406 | 751979 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 821754 | 826160 | 829860 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1202361 | 1206870 | 1214002 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1713553 | 1718170 | 1722996 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2397531 | 2403437 | 2409619 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2981077 | 2983726 | 3012470 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3845715 | 3848424 | 3998910 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 4096788 | 4099960 | 4316984 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4460780? | 4894199? | 6174688? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 4954940? | 5001594? | 6567934? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 6496477 | 6529345 | 7161592 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 6709662? | 6858813? | 10534283? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 8076252 | 8080440 | 8095018 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 9157178 | 9239937 | 9912884 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 10806118 | 10823019 | 11775421 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10655570? | 10858690? | 13532070? | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 11228752 | 11276133 | 11353368 | T: lotus128 |
| 12569462 | 12628752 | 13306048 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 13311313 | 13339486 | 13378119 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 13563735 | 14133738 | 15405450 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 16830118 | 17273984 | 19545756 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 21061055 | 21130854 | 24643930 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 21017564 | 21215812 | 22691296 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 23196870 | 23238941 | 23346184 | T: lotus192 |
| 28020770 | 28104167 | 28198707 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 28975585 | 29875702 | 31845298 | T: C:mceliece |
| 32889052 | 33701292 | 36154233 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 37008653 | 37292616 | 37830684 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 37814235 | 37872243 | 38369145 | T: lotus256 |
| 39472825 | 39540738 | 39631129 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 43507286 | 43720760 | 43878799 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 47963673 | 48158374 | 50647882 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 54655291 | 55138817 | 55843055 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 64427875 | 64536318 | 64683543 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 45652585? | 69119870? | 93646159? | T: ronald1024 |
| 69580433 | 69972296 | 70828856 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 79648589 | 79865032 | 80069355 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 86679182 | 86828979 | 87065811 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 95092208 | 95595479 | 96607759 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 96583673 | 96902778 | 97578870 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 61138164? | 102152077? | 165397186? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 68369850? | 104200994? | 162044893? | T: rsa2048 |
| 111045234 | 111430903 | 111918631 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 161417806 | 161830928 | 162640646 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 218013400? | 340321934? | 491154041? | T: ronald1536 |
| 392733183? | 676055482? | 961414902? | T: ronald2048 |
| 1272532821? | 2125251105? | 3219109701? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3549399560 | 3657579994 | 3731220043 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 3713484389? | 5558885712? | 7897606114? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 20181 | 20548 | 21304 | T: rsa2048 |
| 20329 | 20791 | 21713 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 40647 | 40880 | 41158 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 41122 | 41630 | 42391 | T: C:mceliece |
| 46353 | 46581 | 46891 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 48098 | 49182 | 51537 | T: ronald1024 |
| 59615 | 61214 | 64618 | T: ronald1536 |
| 65202 | 65555 | 65970 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 74646 | 77961 | 81551 | T: ronald2048 |
| 82640 | 82965 | 83385 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 115357 | 115942 | 116840 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 120637 | 125019 | 129697 | T: ronald3072 |
| 127722 | 128216 | 128851 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 160753 | 161357 | 162189 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 180227 | 184136 | 187424 | T: ronald4096 |
| 212487 | 214026 | 216162 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 213988 | 214824 | 219871 | T: lotus128 |
| 240197 | 240948 | 241782 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 295397 | 296148 | 297253 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 310588 | 313625 | 315281 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 361321 | 363339 | 365809 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 379806 | 380344 | 381091 | T: lotus192 |
| 396150 | 397255 | 398440 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 445313 | 445821 | 446940 | T: lotus256 |
| 489860 | 491364 | 493715 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 574300 | 575450 | 577404 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 590416 | 591592 | 593106 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 593276 | 607244 | 614554 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 648093 | 648785 | 649688 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 694996 | 695857 | 697225 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 734390 | 736277 | 738889 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 787085 | 787383 | 787873 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 796782 | 797292 | 797942 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 827581 | 828519 | 829811 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 890300 | 891225 | 891930 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 978841 | 980926 | 982974 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1002370 | 1003427 | 1005116 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 1083865 | 1085496 | 1089896 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1101824 | 1102641 | 1103537 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1212427 | 1214019 | 1216594 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1358225 | 1359183 | 1361691 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1566737 | 1567376 | 1568105 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1571068 | 1572270 | 1577854 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1580969 | 1583376 | 1588662 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1743169 | 1743766 | 1744653 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 2070870 | 2074297 | 2076386 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2179599 | 2186616 | 2193048 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2333777 | 2334858 | 2337968 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2372341 | 2375870 | 2386587 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2488373 | 2489519 | 2492000 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2581575 | 2584897 | 2589166 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2923233 | 2926134 | 2929269 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 3087342 | 3093143 | 3104138 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 3469544 | 3472529 | 3479283 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3521773 | 3525285 | 3554479 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3624290 | 3629939 | 3676372 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 20242300 | 20260883 | 20281616 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 45684 | 45943 | 47512 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 52139 | 52504 | 53973 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 75690 | 75995 | 78451 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 99646 | 99983 | 102670 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 149600 | 150656 | 152186 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 199032 | 200111 | 201280 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 229263 | 230165 | 230992 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 253198 | 253615 | 258351 | T: lotus128 |
| 293778 | 295553 | 298712 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 343200 | 343979 | 344967 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 445616 | 449969 | 451090 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 474425 | 474805 | 475441 | T: lotus192 |
| 513581 | 515517 | 518756 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 557821 | 558313 | 558994 | T: lotus256 |
| 861151 | 867582 | 882131 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 902999 | 912043 | 917521 | T: C:mceliece |
| 1020723 | 1032670 | 1045232 | T: ronald1024 |
| 1125279 | 1126507 | 1129048 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 1180772 | 1186268 | 1197799 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1173098 | 1186588 | 1201321 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1408574 | 1418545 | 1432546 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1432363 | 1439361 | 1452758 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1682982 | 1692896 | 1703378 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1701156 | 1707736 | 1721584 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1754750 | 1761579 | 1773962 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2029050 | 2050948 | 2071066 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2101455 | 2108948 | 2120373 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2193638 | 2202603 | 2219086 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2357252 | 2359354 | 2366337 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2354801 | 2362284 | 2375186 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2720696 | 2742290 | 2915947 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2782146 | 2790864 | 2805454 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2818440 | 2824059 | 2826192 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 3028416 | 3115165 | 3636557 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3345961 | 3351254 | 3366125 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3580929 | 3592151 | 3599219 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3671657 | 3676062 | 3680909 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3729319 | 3735331 | 3745585 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 4009891 | 4075878 | 4183637 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 4301664 | 4320307 | 4338398 | T: ronald2048 |
| 4688707 | 4690981 | 4788954 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 7101529 | 7112212 | 7122578 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 7817829 | 7824089 | 7830011 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 8453447 | 8490517 | 8499378 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 9293355 | 9303006 | 9326460 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 11202435 | 11223071 | 11235911 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 11553783 | 11596126 | 11629901 | T: ronald3072 |
| 12329892 | 12358180 | 12413295 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 13814321 | 13876107 | 13917979 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 15052293 | 15075160 | 15083089 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 16328666 | 16397060 | 16417289 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 19417749 | 19437370 | 19461758 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 21018791 | 21072097 | 21217511 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 22632158 | 22658132 | 22673952 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 24221425 | 24274017 | 24451441 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 24331880 | 24370948 | 24413136 | T: ronald4096 |
| 129654611 | 129909982 | 129981034 | T: pqrsa15 |
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