Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Comet Lake (806ec); 2019 Intel Core i3-10110U; 2 x 2100MHz; cubi10, supercop-20260831
[Page version: 20260905 10:39:45]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 54016 | 54636 | 55413 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 70239 | 71035 | 71894 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 97982 | 98885 | 99921 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 99128 | 99817 | 100884 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 126135 | 127429 | 128935 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 165438 | 166947 | 168988 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 432658 | 435403 | 438240 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 496433 | 497564 | 499354 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 498413 | 502097 | 505356 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 839164 | 843642 | 851717 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1148643 | 1152372 | 1157575 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1229729 | 1236434 | 1307095 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1459634 | 1464187 | 1468296 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2491301 | 2494388 | 2528330 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3251580 | 3257931 | 3380075 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3427845 | 3438539 | 3672600 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4105396? | 4150307? | 5547632? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3818208? | 4423838? | 5731117? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5640395 | 5659519 | 6399129 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5938196? | 6687232? | 8841327? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7045959 | 7069346 | 7136958 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7815528 | 7868917 | 8181004 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9186325 | 9204404 | 9793745 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9316776 | 9338434 | 11071001 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9198087 | 9450238 | 9486268 | T: lotus128 |
| 11195471 | 11222002 | 11280215 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11250009 | 11658901 | 12744609 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 12026996 | 12133160 | 12169101 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 14793003 | 14961914 | 16673217 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18247081 | 18415720 | 18497045 | T: lotus192 |
| 18587271 | 18928223 | 20309146 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 18597524 | 19373127 | 21963378 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 26659083 | 26827075 | 26960253 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 28867649 | 29907023 | 31531125 | T: C:mceliece |
| 30251325 | 30318165 | 30409056 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 29451955 | 30419886 | 32351840 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 31065063 | 31523431 | 31956451 | T: lotus256 |
| 34644095 | 35245666 | 35560724 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 40379774 | 40656930 | 41108017 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 51803838 | 51891216 | 52237050 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 37331489? | 52758352? | 77854061? | T: ronald1024 |
| 57746152 | 58164354 | 58778497 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 66493412 | 66591617 | 66725557 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 74465031 | 74742263 | 75333062 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 83523208 | 83643725 | 83746173 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 89467909 | 89613611 | 89887077 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 53057647? | 92036731? | 179679840? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 54192765? | 92966323? | 142635607? | T: rsa2048 |
| 100814084 | 101203076 | 101853524 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 102922981 | 103225833 | 103822901 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 115892218 | 116031338 | 116146715 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 170923451 | 171496076 | 172246894 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 185917652? | 271516127? | 399181032? | T: ronald1536 |
| 273249915? | 411518820? | 628945332? | T: ronald2048 |
| 957022989? | 1471898139? | 2196710063? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3146407980 | 3226204445 | 3300523367 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2474809776? | 3704086003? | 5885737877? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 21774 | 22384 | 23331 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 21587 | 22616 | 24364 | T: rsa2048 |
| 35581 | 36000 | 37694 | T: ronald1024 |
| 39434 | 39719 | 40015 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 44563 | 44751 | 44994 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 45956 | 46689 | 47162 | T: C:mceliece |
| 46565 | 47434 | 49899 | T: ronald1536 |
| 59756 | 61752 | 63987 | T: ronald2048 |
| 65507 | 65759 | 66156 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 83507 | 83874 | 84263 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 97022 | 99091 | 101333 | T: ronald3072 |
| 103068 | 103520 | 104240 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 103239 | 103761 | 104399 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 129270 | 129736 | 130582 | T: lotus128 |
| 135274 | 136127 | 137053 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 144182 | 146740 | 150557 | T: ronald4096 |
| 177922 | 178935 | 180107 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 185997 | 186896 | 188275 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 210209 | 212021 | 212605 | T: lotus192 |
| 233994 | 235111 | 236052 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 272813 | 273955 | 274831 | T: lotus256 |
| 285020 | 286484 | 288171 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 287824 | 289513 | 290473 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 389089 | 390036 | 391053 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 473520 | 474855 | 476058 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 558248 | 559378 | 561147 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 575460 | 576538 | 578318 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 591258 | 591640 | 592194 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 610695 | 612884 | 614603 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 676357 | 679364 | 681032 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 729049 | 729502 | 730346 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 735447 | 736577 | 740233 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 742117 | 744263 | 749616 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 756994 | 759245 | 761787 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 807897 | 808814 | 810081 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 850858 | 851329 | 852465 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 926292 | 928220 | 929853 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1054000 | 1055832 | 1058829 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1107300 | 1110191 | 1114584 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1168206 | 1169267 | 1171018 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1230057 | 1234598 | 1240497 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1405434 | 1408137 | 1410603 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1483037 | 1484740 | 1487342 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1521515 | 1522795 | 1525339 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1563555 | 1566858 | 1570702 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1611403 | 1615748 | 1619882 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1841853 | 1845776 | 1849138 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 1966828 | 1972936 | 1980079 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2177800 | 2182201 | 2185772 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2203105 | 2209519 | 2219725 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2306859 | 2313734 | 2323081 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2756539 | 2760274 | 2763983 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2806882 | 2817996 | 2822422 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2944635 | 2964989 | 2980336 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3235385 | 3242213 | 3246815 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3416988 | 3421407 | 3426683 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17381226 | 17396563 | 17410447 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 43533 | 43713 | 44066 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 48538 | 48729 | 49128 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 73345 | 73597 | 74345 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 97663 | 98045 | 99403 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 109647 | 111049 | 113792 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 139231 | 140311 | 143078 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 154549 | 156162 | 171850 | T: lotus128 |
| 173484 | 175421 | 179662 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 220052 | 222078 | 228005 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 247523 | 249615 | 250189 | T: lotus192 |
| 248744 | 250357 | 253175 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 321695 | 323264 | 325738 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 346271 | 350239 | 356377 | T: lotus256 |
| 392412 | 395854 | 400580 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 847369 | 851123 | 852732 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 866254 | 874491 | 885041 | T: ronald1024 |
| 899196 | 908940 | 916034 | T: C:mceliece |
| 906605 | 910963 | 920163 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1229296 | 1234730 | 1241797 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1231059 | 1238291 | 1249547 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1469288 | 1476538 | 1487306 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1508687 | 1517507 | 1524291 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1726350 | 1734970 | 1745656 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1733137 | 1740224 | 1749346 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1799500 | 1809208 | 1817786 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1987456 | 1994310 | 1999232 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2047421 | 2058775 | 2064237 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2054884 | 2066539 | 2078457 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2097030 | 2104663 | 2109237 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2097702 | 2104876 | 2106336 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2103416 | 2111111 | 2123102 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2292269 | 2305837 | 2317451 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2317949 | 2337014 | 2346846 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2342223 | 2344055 | 2347695 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2451064 | 2458645 | 2463263 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2472626 | 2479478 | 2508087 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2761359 | 2788182 | 2793512 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 2804066 | 2811171 | 2853919 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3027533 | 3041327 | 3109450 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3403150 | 3409986 | 3418712 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3468243 | 3495396 | 3561834 | T: ronald2048 |
| 5321440 | 5335449 | 5347714 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 5636812 | 5647591 | 5661359 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 6121385 | 6137216 | 6284956 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6927533 | 6941508 | 6964914 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8365512 | 8447109 | 8469499 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 8776074 | 8811165 | 8838387 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9304606 | 9336932 | 9359379 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 11525945 | 11545078 | 11562243 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 11672428 | 11715758 | 11745327 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 12271748 | 12302539 | 12354632 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 14996855 | 15032292 | 15069630 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 17133539 | 17163800 | 17194733 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 17142542 | 17167210 | 17193631 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 17912463 | 17957680 | 17988068 | T: ronald4096 |
| 17946091 | 17995022 | 18104127 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 107166288 | 107946266 | 108062164 | T: pqrsa15 |
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