VAMPIRE

eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems


ECRYPT II
General information:IntroductioneBASHeBASCeBAEADeBATSSUPERCOPXBXComputersArch
How to submit new software:Tipshashstreamaeaddhkemencryptsign
List of primitives measured:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
Measurements:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
List of subroutines:verifydecodeencodesortcorehashblocksxofscalarmult

Measurements of public-key signature systems on one machine: armeabi; ARM1176 (410fb767); 2011 Broadcom BCM2835; 1 x 1000MHz; berry0, supercop-20240909

[Page version: 20250206 00:56:13]

eBATS (ECRYPT Benchmarking of Asymmetric Systems) is a project to measure the performance of public-key systems. This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS for public-key signature systems:

For signature systems that support "message recovery", the space for a signature on a long message is shorter than the space for a signature on a short message.

Each table row lists the first quartile of many speed measurements, the median of many speed measurements, the third quartile of many speed measurements, and the name of the primitive. Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks. The symbol T: (starting with supercop-20200816) means that the SUPERCOP database at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time as a goal for this implementation. The symbol T!!! means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation, but that the implementation failed TIMECOP. (TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues; they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)

There is a separate page with more information about each signature system and each implementation. Designers and implementors interested in submitting new signature systems and new implementations of existing signature systems should read the call for submissions.


Test results

Graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

NISTPQC graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

Measurement failures: ntrumls401x, ntrumls439x, ntrumls593x, ntrumls743x, qtesla128, qtesla192, qtesla256

Cycles to generate a key pair
25%50%75%system
115440117840118569picnicl1full
122965123630125384picnic3l1
149925151860153320
T:
picnic2l1fs
174830176412177383picnicl3full
187596190097195298picnic3l3
203928205774207581picnicl1fs
206138207667209236picnicl1ur
282785288130344410picnic3l5
282705291310304837picnicl5full
488667495058525776picnicl3fs
434143500595522215picnicl3ur
661846678202725021picnicl5fs
675010715367727127picnicl5ur
894873895770913763ed25519
9941639953691001922aimer128f
9945989964641003978aimer128s
129416013255271368809
T:
ecdonaldp256
145581214661951485152
T:
donald512
240489224102172466633aimer192f
240711424141412472046aimer192s
448194145157174545737
T:
donald1024
539081554182855462157
T:
ecdonaldp160
591908760015156038095aimer256s
602384060894756124837aimer256f
706172771237647189733
T:
ecdonaldk163
716424871944107233290
T:
ecdonaldp192
751404775911447705910
T:
ecdonaldb163
6815540?9398403?20896878?haetae5
953833095862259660980
T:
ecdonaldp224
961925896491289676917
T:
mqdss48
4866031?9934238?13325918?haetae2
125663201263148012735745
T:
ecdonaldk233
8345905?13469818?21907893?haetae3
137554501383033513888458
T:
ecdonaldb233
161782911619885516307442
T:
donald2048
13352455?17529060?26533310?
T:
qtesla1
217069852176042821824668
T:
ecdonaldk283
225593182259797722665468
T:
mqdss64
240009332410392324236051
T:
ecdonaldb283
321538183226249932349553
T:
ecdonaldp384
28686455?41649446?54936968?
T:
qtesla3f
474198614750064147591213
T:
ecdonaldk409
477006844775407247845590
T:
sphincs256
537865135396254154227843
T:
ecdonaldb409
49169269?63664008?71873441?
T:
qtesla1p
682563466830859968394883
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
44360518?72693456?101122729?
T:
qtesla3s
748553367508196375296974
T:
ecdonaldp521
777246517784269877962178
T:
luov4849242
75531721?81598532?100980054?
T:
falcon512dyn
868475948691247886993155
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
79062093?89769521?106645962?
T:
falcon512tree
978052019789661497994893
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
101737091101781924101912939
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
103501362103660977103885374
T:
luov863256
108129115108316543108547037
T:
ecdonaldk571
122983554123036677123180610
T:
ecdonaldb571
127037086127094513127225601
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
147143936147223580147303252
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
110092014?161432510?231153831?
T:
rwb0fuz1024
166168057166234819166333804
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
169957182173141485174085408
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
215231523215513480219472553
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
226149243226575381232578668
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
242936998243020104243164829
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
232997936246434913282987206
T:
falcon1024tree
224908896?249482798?289924588?
T:
falcon1024dyn
266275964266372921266495721
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
282789911283213728283773634
T:
luov6468330
251103220?318706727?364359445?
T:
qtesla3p
335847142335993007336161009
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
183869137?382563165?494228146?
T:
ronald512
391254839391463326391699612
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
433770476434026328434676045
T:
luov890351
509745103510293412511119836
T:
luov8086399
641718321641799343641955839
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
459338361?704494414?1038312290?
T:
ronald768
773286049774058274775101020
T:
luov8117404
109862878610997390491102059644
T:
sflashv2
1161667227?1730809616?2548091744?
T:
ronald1024
227206970022734952612275199343mqsignlr2567246
239865760724057607942411933472
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
257198398425754103472576633216mqsignrr2567246
306751196530711044183074184420
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
307824898530825873763088905633
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
2135297967?3684943282?5225537624?
T:
ronald1536
2911454308?5410547696?10578900762?
T:
ronald2048
657455143866063414986610204330
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
853576636785409419178612006110
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
855991394786259997088637031238
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
872730532987285855968730867769
T:
redgemss128v2
119249190811193866860311946404988mqsignlr25611272
129903500181299117359612993917268mqsignrr25611272
133275330081341854985413437273604
T:
rainbow1a
247317541492484065501124844058831
T:
rainbow1b
17305138774?29229340305?39602950299?
T:
ronald3072
345130767063545084955636455325340
T:
pqrsa15
356960269333570007723835723069381mqsignlr25614896
378532116873786754098537885614237mqsignrr25614896
510458332465106220283151191293442
T:
rainbow1c
Cycles to sign 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
484237489990499628
T:
sflashv2
965782969307974042ed25519
201487020254922093537
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
202367020312052134500
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
210050021690402212260
T:
ecdonaldp256
247276525114852535883
T:
donald512
332298533797293432453
T:
ronald512
426562243243454370583
T:
falcon512tree
600354560726156119925
T:
ecdonaldp160
609544361574006185548
T:
donald1024
612574261643486231865
T:
falcon512dyn
621420762782836325064
T:
rainbow1a
3026325?6551008?9560636?
T:
qtesla1
658129066487786718692
T:
ronald768
752746575882207639923
T:
ecdonaldk163
774461277702307914490
T:
ecdonaldp192
792312579551558003032
T:
rwb0fuz1024
798045280860558156706
T:
ecdonaldb163
3762583?8429268?15650935?
T:
qtesla3f
928392593338969372132
T:
falcon1024tree
102899431039837010611083
T:
ecdonaldp224
117081551173407011798578
T:
rainbow1b
119042641199819012050972
T:
ronald1024
132923901336906713437636
T:
ecdonaldk233
133604011347331513545120
T:
falcon1024dyn
144304141450276114586272
T:
ecdonaldb233
8293400?14815883?23932565?
T:
qtesla3s
7683973?15579567?27636848?
T:
qtesla1p
181846531821388518242761
T:
rainbow1c
187614801877086218788846
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
189689751897793618997385
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
200125982003705520080600
T:
donald2048
213017282133204321384456mqsignlr2567246
226380702268862122747188
T:
ecdonaldk283
249621732506921725232627
T:
ecdonaldb283
304271583056570830729560
T:
ronald1536
328463933288609032943450mqsignrr2567246
340774643421211534783243
T:
ecdonaldp384
404942034053597140599218
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
408083884083245140929558
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
494713914957855549670190
T:
ecdonaldk409
35529270?50904056?79148116?
T:
qtesla3p
556714615578543156155531
T:
ecdonaldb409
642662936448425164610495
T:
ronald2048
50124228?66683676?131001924?haetae2
752618987533157675421940mqsignlr25611272
51847033?76499403?174639387?haetae3
795316307981518080363449
T:
ecdonaldp521
806170268068622080813659aimer128f
862821928772845989914202
T:
luov863256
112696212112875192113059499
T:
ecdonaldk571
114162597114526364115520984picnicl1full
116378748116504519116591282mqsignrr25611272
127912307128002444128127590
T:
ecdonaldb571
136558459136980532139533180
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
152816297153035399153784662picnicl1fs
63689148?153873737?213880488?haetae5
173638965173733674173870722mqsignlr25614896
187189777187428265187736322
T:
ronald3072
190230125190309945190449192aimer192f
192028576192932372193076206picnicl1ur
233372303233675368233832035picnicl3full
269670196269751908269883411mqsignrr25614896
298544026299837277301788799
T:
luov890351
319902207320830866326157344
T:
luov4849242
325318491325503266325757743
T:
mqdss48
398205458398586562399646245aimer256f
381988847406873702407268507picnicl3fs
435477157436659647438601598picnicl5full
489279828489539726494466423picnic3l1
493217421516233184519866876picnicl3ur
528174209533908437535148582
T:
luov8117404
617217065618755787619276835aimer128s
715247996719394269721311044picnicl5fs
877171903890503978899566706picnicl5ur
957355119957944677958595212
T:
sphincs256
111666972211176477791129722361picnic3l3
119827505912059215021244726782
T:
mqdss64
123236612512328997151233631200
T:
pqrsa15
145455087214549588451458768473aimer192s
149731785114995385631502525556
T:
luov6468330
175387534717655065971777585961
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
193739172619394489741947931591picnic3l5
246121432224623038782463975782
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
273689390127388433362740132635
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
291839819029200125662921958518
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
294338388129452953282972758951aimer256s
296416737929673002012981690854
T:
luov8086399
346294810234644475803465990108
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
364058268736425035603645418920
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
367941700536828880913686478108
T:
picnic2l1fs
3342195078?4028284289?4729029846?
T:
redgemss128v2
438937927143916436364393531061
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
486362220148747029994875159902
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
498842616649920145394995406823
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
648004362264844321576487364529
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
713609856671372605747138839490
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
767976986376812252517683336186
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
108903814431089354587810896395918
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
141805808561418719642814189764241
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
Cycles to verify 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
773767872480658
T:
rwb0fuz1024
261132268375273923
T:
ronald512
296325306565311360
T:
ronald768
357301360659369657
T:
ronald1024
466144482557484770
T:
falcon512tree
530423532712534610
T:
ronald1536
568049584493587606
T:
falcon512dyn
776280786015807283
T:
ronald2048
814675830290844895
T:
sflashv2
848708876600894568
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
958761976891982838
T:
falcon1024tree
111803011221641133244
T:
qtesla1
118190711977161204230
T:
falcon1024dyn
142724714322711443967
T:
ronald3072
169702517105481723675haetae2
176682917858301815002
T:
donald512
230208523120352325893ed25519
250082225490382617600
T:
qtesla3f
257721726293102679650
T:
qtesla3s
313245031528533223783haetae3
348903936417983755460
T:
redgemss128v2
385775739379603978643
T:
ecdonaldp256
398397340302364099152haetae5
462950046555534708613
T:
rainbow1a
514782651829985234868
T:
donald1024
549065555582305619720
T:
ecdonaldp160
636646864942356779698
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
695797570359927129398
T:
ecdonaldp192
722569572780007327775
T:
qtesla1p
904449791542799281780
T:
ecdonaldp224
110733351110401511146453
T:
rainbow1b
113159531143146811589315
T:
sphincs256
139878281413315814231945
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
141824931429023514359733
T:
ecdonaldk163
151249451521264015447933
T:
ecdonaldb163
172190601724051117265585
T:
rainbow1c
181200051825518018400715
T:
donald2048
255416822566176825867348
T:
ecdonaldk233
271363252738119027704592
T:
ecdonaldp384
277981432796849828076260
T:
ecdonaldb233
337179263377468633867843mqsignlr2567246
337342433377926333870348mqsignrr2567246
368349933696058537105293
T:
qtesla3p
377022294246770146121679
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
412713914302791049212903
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
440888234415820544270628
T:
ecdonaldk283
487113234883052849224101
T:
ecdonaldb283
600737776029709060760375
T:
ecdonaldp521
672836316734264667446105
T:
luov863256
735636507362090473762142aimer128f
899694609062890490870567picnicl1full
968410049695992897190156
T:
ecdonaldk409
100588469102367969103229493
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
109236299109399004110222356
T:
ecdonaldb409
110773451112268072113912323
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
119351086119376019119457599mqsignrr25611272
119335744119387297119483848mqsignlr25611272
129305899129558250129671715picnicl1fs
149381886151760360154041102
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
156770862158718209160489032
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
159192649161434542161574302picnicl1ur
165111471166777966167753282
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
175162558176858132178078156
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
176800710176993340177178630aimer192f
177055717177680130178188235
T:
luov4849242
177947140178388200178775967
T:
pqrsa15
178353914179585782181702490
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
187036607188506287189156120picnicl3full
217601635220018223224910480
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
221003910221203192221625676
T:
ecdonaldk571
242320751242429413242545798
T:
luov890351
241529790243048800245136396
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
241502873246483730252917201
T:
mqdss48
251132934251246582251448623
T:
ecdonaldb571
255996996259018750261483472
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
251729501261430588288123094
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
258154459265593983276325001
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
278023466278111739278262260mqsignrr25614896
277998256278140556278253263mqsignlr25614896
344362995347808394351447587
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
348584194352361589357310080
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
325689946353871364354358599picnicl3fs
362276014363842662366653512picnicl5full
370841760371847575372650617aimer256f
382388148382738180387271925picnic3l1
435976111436136152436357535
T:
luov8117404
412080408436189725443620486picnicl3ur
549444457560259312561244146
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
503395707?597659937?647628480?
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
605842485606592913607118213aimer128s
621532142627563097628953615picnicl5fs
643077286645249960646859195
T:
luov6468330
740662449752456100766531094picnicl5ur
866862996868332620873744776picnic3l3
895819313904872213921186146
T:
mqdss64
114359508911466131491150692899
T:
luov8086399
140945289214179636701420485295picnic3l5
142896528214316545731442329220aimer192s
188461966118893819461893298478
T:
picnic2l1fs
291154436829133390582927888858aimer256s