VAMPIRE

eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems

ECRYPT II

Measurements of public-key signature systems, indexed by machine

There is a separate page with more information about each signature system and each implementation. Designers and implementors interested in submitting new signature systems and new implementations of existing signature systems should read the call for submissions.

What do the graphs and tables mean?

• Time to verify a signed message.
• Time to sign a message.
• Time to compute a key pair.
• Space for a secret key.
• Space for a public key.
• Space for a signature on a short message.
• Space for a signature on a long message: more precisely, the difference between the space used by a long signed message and the space used by the original unsigned message. This can be smaller than the space for a signature on a short message for signature systems that support "message recovery."

Each computer also has a series of tables, eight tables for each computer. The first table shows the time, in cycles, to generate a key pair. Each row of the table lists

• the first quartile of many time measurements,
• the median of many time measurements,
• the third quartile of many time measurements, and
• the name of the signature system.

The computer name is linked to additional information about the implementations and compilers selected for benchmarking.

amd64; KnLanding (50671); 2016 Intel Xeon Phi 7250; 68 x 1400MHz; unstable; pluton1mn, supercop-20160806

Cycles to generate a key pair quartile median quartile system 82992 83216 84616 lattisigns512 189504 189588 193088 ed25519 383516 388150 417130 pass769 408954 412216 430654 donald512 551222 558642 583730 pass863 806204 821968 830312 ed448goldilocks 1310638 1318408 1331848 donald1024 4722942 4748534 5134766 donald2048 8904588 9017638 9317210 ecdonaldp256 10969658 10980018 11443264 sphincs256 16942618 17093482 17557862 3icp 20667542 20732698 21089614 ecdonaldp384 17116974? 23944564? 33462870? ronald512 42805014 42880530 42976164 rainbowbinary256181212 49159614 49256984 49432866 ecdonaldp521 32974088? 53973710? 84973000? ronald768 73273732? 108470992? 140389354? ronald1024 125336064 125724928 130904942 rainbow5640 149456468 149598596 149781856 pflash1 154126392? 169339702? 254164806? rwb0fuz1024 178454724 178589558 178773518 rainbowbinary16242020 286747538 291373544 292585440 rainbow6440 200650366? 337704556? 574307636? ronald1536 745382568 745832612 746276272 sflashv2 470145900? 747749142? 1066415840? ronald2048 970411190 1098080494 1181808586 mqqsig256 2028710264? 3152271500? 4849120346? ronald3072 3789154012? 7446051676? 12708813264? ronald4096

Cycles to sign 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 6216 6230 6230 mqqsig256 54334 54376 54488 rainbowbinary256181212 103166 104972 106176 rainbowbinary16242020 104902? 111944? 178136? rainbow5640 175532 176134 177324 ed25519 181608 191688 207480 rainbow6440 269514 271166 277802 sflashv2 505834 519778 528150 donald512 339962? 662536? 1003674? lattisigns512 826882 842870 849142 ed448goldilocks 511546? 972972? 1446886? pass769 1076600 1089200 1112286 ronald512 660072? 1296736? 1966706? pass863 1338750 1351224 1365028 donald1024 897932? 1542856? 2008370? 3icp 2091418 2111592 2149238 ronald768 2904762 2925958 2959110 ecdonaldp256 3350802 3417022 3525564 ronald1024 2111704? 3886232? 6490904? pflash1 4491130 4555306 4600610 donald2048 6377784 6388410 6403698 rwb0fuz1024 6634222 6664882 6697768 ecdonaldp384 8685880 8727362 8796830 ronald1536 15557234 15635802 15723988 ecdonaldp521 17530954 17606778 17679424 ronald2048 52112760 52204992 52282482 ronald3072 115188598 115358222 115507658 ronald4096 177666986 177734382 177811522 sphincs256

Cycles to verify 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 28994 29190 29260 rwb0fuz1024 50512 50512 50512 rainbowbinary256181212 54348 54642 55300 3icp 62818 65758 66052 lattisigns512 66206 66752 67256 rainbow5640 70518 70798 71414 ronald512 74396 74704 75474 ronald768 75054 75054 75068 rainbowbinary16242020 87290 87794 88214 rainbow6440 94794 96138 98882 ronald1024 143262 143906 147294 ronald1536 208964 210000 215894 ronald2048 236110 248192 256676 mqqsig256 309190 316778 324968 sflashv2 399112 402752 420966 ronald3072 460502 470554 475132 pflash1 515886 522130 536158 donald512 649264 652148 668514 ed25519 652106 669018 703780 pass769 663096 677614 685258 ronald4096 892038 911176 930510 pass863 1538642 1542730 1549198 donald1024 3059308 3066910 3080588 ed448goldilocks 3357004 3370500 3409252 ecdonaldp256 4526676 4531618 4543420 sphincs256 5451222 5487482 5600574 donald2048 7795886 7830830 7898282 ecdonaldp384 18410322 18511010 18547648 ecdonaldp521

Secret key bytes system 64 ed25519 84 donald512 96 ecdonaldp256 144 ecdonaldp384 144 ed448goldilocks 148 donald1024 193 pass769 198 ecdonaldp521 216 pass863 256 lattisigns512 265 rwb0fuz1024 276 donald2048 512 ronald512 593 mqqsig256 768 ronald768 1024 ronald1024 1088 sphincs256 ntrumls401x 1158 1 ntrumls439x 1305 1 1536 ronald1536 ntrumls593x 1742 1 2048 ronald2048 ntrumls743x 2267 1 2823 sflashv2 3072 ronald3072 4096 ronald4096 5550 pflash1 12768 3icp 23408 rainbowbinary256181212 86240 rainbow5640 94384 rainbowbinary16242020 150512 rainbow6440

Public key bytes system 32 ed25519 56 ed448goldilocks 64 donald512 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ronald512 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 128 donald1024 128 ronald1024 128 rwb0fuz1024 132 ecdonaldp521 192 ronald1536 256 donald2048 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 ntrumls401x 972 1 1056 sphincs256 ntrumls439x 1112 1 ntrumls593x 1478 1 1536 lattisigns512 1544 pass769 1776 pass863 ntrumls743x 1927 1 19266 sflashv2 30240 rainbowbinary256181212 35712 3icp 44160 rainbow5640 57600 rainbow6440 72124 pflash1 102912 rainbowbinary16242020 789552 mqqsig256

Signing 0 bytes bytes system ntrumls401x -1 1 ntrumls439x -1 1 ntrumls593x -1 1 ntrumls743x -1 1 32 mqqsig256 32 rainbowbinary16242020 36 3icp 37 pflash1 37 rainbow5640 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 42 rainbowbinary256181212 43 rainbow6440 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 64 ronald512 65 rwb0fuz1024 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 112 ed448goldilocks 128 ronald1024 132 ecdonaldp521 192 ronald1536 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 1184 lattisigns512 1602 pass769 1790 pass863 41000 sphincs256

Signing 23 bytes bytes system 32 mqqsig256 32 rainbowbinary16242020 36 3icp 37 pflash1 37 rainbow5640 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 41 ronald512 42 rainbowbinary256181212 43 rainbow6440 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 65 rwb0fuz1024 73 ronald768 96 ecdonaldp384 105 ronald1024 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 169 ronald1536 233 ronald2048 361 ronald3072 489 ronald4096 1184 lattisigns512 1602 pass769 1790 pass863 41000 sphincs256

Signing many bytes bytes system 32 mqqsig256 32 rainbowbinary16242020 36 3icp 37 pflash1 37 rainbow5640 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 42 rainbowbinary256181212 43 rainbow6440 43 ronald1024 43 ronald1536 43 ronald2048 43 ronald3072 43 ronald4096 43 ronald512 43 ronald768 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 65 rwb0fuz1024 96 ecdonaldp384 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 1184 lattisigns512 1602 pass769 1790 pass863 41000 sphincs256

aarch64; Cortex-A57 (418fd071); 2015 NVIDIA Tegra X1; 4 x 1734MHz; lionheart30, supercop-20160806

Cycles to generate a key pair quartile median quartile system 162703 163552 164434 ed25519 517219 518316 519239 ed448goldilocks 558684 560967 563735 donald512 1659572 1661701 1665496 donald1024 1660321 1676840 1692766 ecdonaldp192 1750698 1762502 1774888 ecdonaldk163 1789382 1812934 1835781 ecdonaldp160 1820672 1834870 1846659 ecdonaldb163 2271448 2302382 2329036 ecdonaldp224 2342103 2353351 2368269 ecdonaldk233 2461990 2481570 2506771 ecdonaldb233 2537712 2557925 2586659 ecdonaldp256 5265569 5292400 5318267 ecdonaldk283 5251805 5294791 5349624 ecdonaldp384 5533245 5546577 5567365 donald2048 5680545 5698322 5718830 ecdonaldb283 10493968 10545439 10637418 ecdonaldp521 11387835 11412921 11449241 ecdonaldk409 12581479 12621332 12664638 ecdonaldb409 15977980 15981115 15994249 sphincs256 14955654? 19788340? 25940024? ronald512 24542593 24608996 24658568 ecdonaldk571 27279888 27322174 27379838 ecdonaldb571 35016808? 49622120? 70639970? ronald768 78310057 78423103 78568120 pflash1 57706341? 98243905? 149400812? ronald1024 183295072? 260642028? 420579025? ronald1536 352390344 354483617 358506360 sflashv2 662648384? 759287800? 961368387? mqqsig192 454985038? 793921163? 1223785133? ronald2048 955995144? 1045262071? 1214087368? mqqsig160 1056388035 1133131402 1178358111 mqqsig224 1480843833 1531741387 1629332569 mqqsig256 1805403523? 2947511771? 4540245874? ronald3072 6078297106? 10240457450? 15333813765? ronald4096

Cycles to sign 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 4620 4629 4635 mqqsig192 5522 5531 5538 mqqsig256 5674 5677 5763 mqqsig224 6034 6038 6070 mqqsig160 160486 160758 162214 ed25519 218938 219571 220183 sflashv2 527971 528720 531461 ed448goldilocks 634757 642846 649012 donald512 1092916 1104387 1126495 ronald512 1678520 1691504 1705428 donald1024 993895? 1720983? 3036698? pflash1 1740101 1761874 1782310 ecdonaldp192 1824177 1835098 1869797 ecdonaldk163 1884817 1889840 1899256 ecdonaldb163 1885217 1903112 1932175 ecdonaldp160 2323723 2342500 2358544 ronald768 2365364 2382577 2399898 ecdonaldp224 2407962 2420285 2441031 ecdonaldk233 2529251 2541748 2562890 ecdonaldb233 2658843 2681655 2706964 ecdonaldp256 4253235 4273675 4290938 ronald1024 5330468 5367521 5407760 donald2048 5370401 5394504 5416698 ecdonaldk283 5407556 5441743 5478834 ecdonaldp384 5777243 5798573 5819403 ecdonaldb283 10165088 10191330 10237720 ronald1536 10751357 10792902 10860245 ecdonaldp521 11568620 11586373 11629098 ecdonaldk409 12728837 12783912 12828663 ecdonaldb409 22442716 22497180 22541731 ronald2048 24851760 24886603 24937205 ecdonaldk571 27504735 27563517 27633013 ecdonaldb571 60768307 60870122 61031984 ronald3072 137188045 137828311 138143063 ronald4096 301194601 301356560 301466972 sphincs256

Cycles to verify 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 63179 63313 63493 ronald512 74445 74798 75001 ronald768 97553 98022 98843 ronald1024 123929 124405 125331 mqqsig160 158824 159487 160304 ronald1536 169025 173347 174034 sflashv2 181771 182780 183632 mqqsig192 217135 218182 220004 ronald2048 270586 272192 273963 mqqsig224 377645 384218 391514 pflash1 395381 397983 402786 mqqsig256 419935 421418 422867 ronald3072 422577 422958 423635 ed25519 645882 647287 649133 ronald4096 667659 673535 677810 donald512 1699537 1700753 1702819 ed448goldilocks 1904522 1913475 1925663 donald1024 2033838 2046018 2057015 ecdonaldp192 2177562 2198220 2208110 ecdonaldp160 2791888 2832498 2845120 ecdonaldp224 3158224 3178832 3208625 ecdonaldp256 3439295 3447130 3466223 ecdonaldk163 3586362 3599713 3609494 ecdonaldb163 3670928 3673780 3677004 sphincs256 4612342 4627474 4640872 ecdonaldk233 4825906 4840929 4860008 ecdonaldb233 6275294 6336850 6446338 donald2048 6417514 6443697 6483882 ecdonaldp384 10512345 10533589 10569329 ecdonaldk283 11283859 11307149 11334929 ecdonaldb283 12874932 12934828 12973066 ecdonaldp521 22731326 22804416 22870060 ecdonaldk409 25058044 25205305 25249885 ecdonaldb409 49203342 49284710 49440934 ecdonaldk571 54456280 54646142 54748084 ecdonaldb571

Secret key bytes system 60 ecdonaldp160 63 ecdonaldb163 63 ecdonaldk163 64 ed25519 72 ecdonaldp192 84 donald512 84 ecdonaldp224 90 ecdonaldb233 90 ecdonaldk233 96 ecdonaldp256 108 ecdonaldb283 108 ecdonaldk283 144 ecdonaldp384 144 ed448goldilocks 148 donald1024 156 ecdonaldb409 156 ecdonaldk409 198 ecdonaldp521 216 ecdonaldb571 216 ecdonaldk571 276 donald2048 401 mqqsig160 465 mqqsig192 512 ronald512 529 mqqsig224 593 mqqsig256 768 ronald768 1024 ronald1024 1088 sphincs256 ntrumls401x 1158 1 ntrumls439x 1305 1 1536 ronald1536 ntrumls593x 1742 1 2048 ronald2048 ntrumls743x 2267 1 2823 sflashv2 3072 ronald3072 4096 ronald4096 5550 pflash1

Public key bytes system 32 ed25519 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 56 ed448goldilocks 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 donald512 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ronald512 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 128 donald1024 128 ronald1024 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 192 ronald1536 256 donald2048 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 ntrumls401x 972 1 1056 sphincs256 ntrumls439x 1112 1 ntrumls593x 1478 1 ntrumls743x 1927 1 19266 sflashv2 72124 pflash1 206112 mqqsig160 333540 mqqsig192 529242 mqqsig224 789552 mqqsig256

Signing 0 bytes bytes system ntrumls401x -1 1 ntrumls439x -1 1 ntrumls593x -1 1 ntrumls743x -1 1 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 37 pflash1 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 64 ronald512 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 112 ed448goldilocks 128 ronald1024 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 192 ronald1536 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 41000 sphincs256

Signing 23 bytes bytes system 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 37 pflash1 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 41 ronald512 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 73 ronald768 96 ecdonaldp384 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 105 ronald1024 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 169 ronald1536 233 ronald2048 361 ronald3072 489 ronald4096 41000 sphincs256

Signing many bytes bytes system 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 37 pflash1 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 43 ronald1024 43 ronald1536 43 ronald2048 43 ronald3072 43 ronald4096 43 ronald512 43 ronald768 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 41000 sphincs256

aarch64; Cortex-A53 (410fd034); 2015 Amlogic S905; 4 x 2000MHz; par3, supercop-20160910

Cycles to generate a key pair quartile median quartile system 205514 209637 210905 ed25519 564904 565583 575210 donald512 699252 704366 742742 ed448goldilocks 1569057 1578462 1633546 donald1024 2335695 2394721 2582577 ecdonaldp192 2388700 2426185 2638102 ecdonaldp160 2770724 2827925 3028054 ecdonaldk163 2912047 2938357 3188192 ecdonaldb163 2908825 2951649 3166697 ecdonaldp224 3832311 3894857 4092285 ecdonaldk233 3912678 3969691 4134522 ecdonaldp256 4013815 4037984 4153831 ecdonaldb233 5092025 5106670 5180987 donald2048 7885453 7931639 7989765 ecdonaldp384 7887144 7946319 8063741 ecdonaldk283 8518025 8561267 8623984 ecdonaldb283 11517183 11635900 11873143 ecdonaldp521 16449779 16485782 16807904 ecdonaldk409 17673403 17683235 17696999 sphincs256 18161969 18229667 18543707 ecdonaldb409 16165328? 23234356? 31182321? ronald512 34826194 34891046 34966820 ecdonaldk571 38838952 38942967 39020506 ecdonaldb571 34631199? 46695061? 63679062? ronald768 55695059? 96538057? 148944663? ronald1024 98364406? 108827488? 163791175? rwb0fuz1024 173635000 173973661 174371889 pflash1 208954543? 319361660? 449221192? ronald1536 388155572? 632368233? 921539451? ronald2048 643635461 644539490 662456907 sflashv2 693293159? 815508246? 1032711286? mqqsig192 974989061 1074276051 1215193622 mqqsig160 1177824300 1276742200 1428730564 mqqsig224 1480344400? 2405130168? 4164955403? ronald3072 2753247845 2856529827 3098170586 mqqsig256 3739975701? 6435128386? 12028373956? ronald4096

Cycles to sign 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 7094 7104 7118 mqqsig192 7661 7671 7677 mqqsig224 8047 8058 8076 mqqsig160 8166 8175 8186 mqqsig256 205039 210247 210970 ed25519 241630 242467 249530 sflashv2 664690 669855 679033 donald512 704461 718141 722516 ed448goldilocks 1401407 1433366 1518076 ronald512 1601079 1613735 1641646 donald1024 2621126 2656908 2734502 ecdonaldp192 2641187 2667127 2699971 ecdonaldp160 2844997 2895295 3218476 ronald768 3062150 3094553 3158833 ecdonaldk163 3191845 3219281 3318638 ecdonaldb163 3262438 3299808 3356304 ecdonaldp224 4133099 4151565 4172994 rwb0fuz1024 4211893 4258684 4325516 ecdonaldk233 4315148 4391019 4460743 ecdonaldp256 4415862 4433741 4465263 ecdonaldb233 4564175 4643414 4729242 ronald1024 2837625? 4847696? 8671474? pflash1 4888821 4936577 4980096 donald2048 8520761 8607861 8759275 ecdonaldk283 8859837 8917756 9001451 ecdonaldp384 9147861 9175570 9247056 ecdonaldb283 11381951 11521686 11613179 ronald1536 13582036 13690658 13967822 ecdonaldp521 17672549 17736922 18102959 ecdonaldk409 19496384 19572707 19906788 ecdonaldb409 21677091 21738673 21805613 ronald2048 37174603 37214107 37261166 ecdonaldk571 41238561 41320437 41424889 ecdonaldb571 63693266 63906107 65280362 ronald3072 127162798 127446844 131382601 ronald4096 329792128 329879929 329954410 sphincs256

Cycles to verify 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 22504 22607 22711 rwb0fuz1024 81536 83876 84782 ronald512 94258 94732 95297 ronald768 115328 118887 120321 ronald1024 172915 178584 184191 ronald1536 231854 232231 232948 ronald2048 231600 234192 240147 sflashv2 245592 246416 250065 mqqsig160 253518 253682 258589 mqqsig192 395195 395891 438403 mqqsig224 425599 426836 439552 ronald3072 595308 601578 607110 ed25519 619701 622192 637754 ronald4096 626800 634621 665143 mqqsig256 697046 702810 705612 donald512 851671 863912 879435 pflash1 1823362 1839244 1904156 donald1024 2052995 2055608 2071856 ed448goldilocks 2894439 2935036 3013845 ecdonaldp192 2906363 2946818 2992847 ecdonaldp160 3612223 3657753 3681898 ecdonaldp224 4091439 4092670 4109933 sphincs256 4790436 4882287 4931741 ecdonaldp256 5559985 5652820 5741873 ecdonaldk163 5831271 5895057 5986136 ecdonaldb163 5858360 5935420 5967270 donald2048 7658435 7694046 7891305 ecdonaldk233 8119823 8149368 8215081 ecdonaldb233 9636595 9719252 9810913 ecdonaldp384 14089238 14206241 14447626 ecdonaldp521 15896947 15983719 16309667 ecdonaldk283 17053068 17164025 17246406 ecdonaldb283 32884358 33003982 33940622 ecdonaldk409 36588023 36667533 37368584 ecdonaldb409 70099554 70154301 70218218 ecdonaldk571 77976990 78170974 78315216 ecdonaldb571

Secret key bytes system 60 ecdonaldp160 63 ecdonaldb163 63 ecdonaldk163 64 ed25519 72 ecdonaldp192 84 donald512 84 ecdonaldp224 90 ecdonaldb233 90 ecdonaldk233 96 ecdonaldp256 108 ecdonaldb283 108 ecdonaldk283 144 ecdonaldp384 144 ed448goldilocks 148 donald1024 156 ecdonaldb409 156 ecdonaldk409 198 ecdonaldp521 216 ecdonaldb571 216 ecdonaldk571 265 rwb0fuz1024 276 donald2048 401 mqqsig160 465 mqqsig192 512 ronald512 529 mqqsig224 593 mqqsig256 768 ronald768 1024 ronald1024 1088 sphincs256 ntrumls401x 1158 1 ntrumls439x 1305 1 1536 ronald1536 ntrumls593x 1742 1 2048 ronald2048 ntrumls743x 2267 1 2823 sflashv2 3072 ronald3072 4096 ronald4096 5550 pflash1

Public key bytes system 32 ed25519 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 56 ed448goldilocks 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 donald512 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ronald512 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 128 donald1024 128 ronald1024 128 rwb0fuz1024 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 192 ronald1536 256 donald2048 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 ntrumls401x 972 1 1056 sphincs256 ntrumls439x 1112 1 ntrumls593x 1478 1 ntrumls743x 1927 1 19266 sflashv2 72124 pflash1 206112 mqqsig160 333540 mqqsig192 529242 mqqsig224 789552 mqqsig256

Signing 0 bytes bytes system ntrumls401x -1 1 ntrumls439x -1 1 ntrumls593x -1 1 ntrumls743x -1 1 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 37 pflash1 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 64 ronald512 65 rwb0fuz1024 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 112 ed448goldilocks 128 ronald1024 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 192 ronald1536 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 41000 sphincs256

Signing 23 bytes bytes system 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 37 pflash1 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 41 ronald512 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 65 rwb0fuz1024 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 73 ronald768 96 ecdonaldp384 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 105 ronald1024 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 169 ronald1536 233 ronald2048 361 ronald3072 489 ronald4096 41000 sphincs256

Signing many bytes bytes system 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 37 pflash1 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 43 ronald1024 43 ronald1536 43 ronald2048 43 ronald3072 43 ronald4096 43 ronald512 43 ronald768 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 65 rwb0fuz1024 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 41000 sphincs256

armeabi; Cortex-A7 (410fc075); 2015 Broadcom BCM2836; 4 x 900MHz; pi2, supercop-20160731

Cycles to generate a key pair quartile median quartile system 508629 509646 539180 ed25519 890863 892433 895864 ed448goldilocks 910235 915387 929120 donald512 2438738 2460256 2487600 ecdonaldp160 2679854 2695411 2702612 donald1024 3317858 3344760 3381278 ecdonaldp192 3503210 3525349 3553702 ecdonaldk163 3738632 3765592 3797996 ecdonaldb163 4349516 4383966 4418582 ecdonaldp224 4927344 4959948 5010451 ecdonaldp256 5862382 5894927 5917698 ecdonaldk233 6344795 6370818 6398197 ecdonaldb233 9276682 9297300 9374857 donald2048 10528769 10569450 10609615 ecdonaldk283 11607220 11668733 11710652 ecdonaldb283 13431998 13520279 13575994 ecdonaldp384 21299780 21394264 21461174 ecdonaldk409 23868666 23933399 24050615 ecdonaldb409 29909924 30032218 30170866 ecdonaldp521 49446596 49537979 49586596 ecdonaldk571 56105688 56215100 56384680 ecdonaldb571 86405422? 136109720? 186579551? ronald512 220640499? 344671662? 491987272? ronald768 339049208? 559044828? 762107206? ronald1024 601490866? 728596634? 945604112? mqqsig160 1011164738 1013665385 1017555178 sflashv2 912913675? 1031067881? 1370133725? mqqsig192 914802387? 1304580217? 1957765675? ronald1536 1523926661 1638852532 1791823048 mqqsig224 2174190829 2291094497 2513197898 mqqsig256 1453402388? 2809368673? 4370002634? ronald2048 4572491287? 9308761064? 13389776104? ronald3072 11223428243? 21229648422? 32976251517? ronald4096

Cycles to sign 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 10983 11087 11241 mqqsig160 11388 11523 11900 mqqsig192 12273 12443 13109 mqqsig224 12807 13086 13645 mqqsig256 355468 357530 359319 sflashv2 519658 520743 523982 ed25519 970966 972977 1053285 ed448goldilocks 1020122 1030581 1042405 donald512 1812458 1836432 1863173 ronald512 2654479 2674376 2693843 donald1024 2961379 2972718 2992739 ecdonaldp160 3639526 3666395 3704959 ecdonaldp192 3904156 3922808 3944079 ecdonaldk163 4114815 4129053 4143984 ecdonaldb163 4322122 4350043 4382448 ronald768 4779861 4808274 4844991 ecdonaldp224 5428277 5450035 5479803 ecdonaldp256 6351587 6371807 6393354 ecdonaldk233 6832584 6862028 6882348 ecdonaldb233 7443001 7527314 7836569 ronald1024 8849912 8882859 8946754 donald2048 11302273 11315824 11389984 ecdonaldk283 12432024 12452343 12461666 ecdonaldb283 14923899 15001983 15056457 ecdonaldp384 18105881 18170968 18228947 ronald1536 23118903 23247652 23313359 ecdonaldk409 25777782 25847085 25927831 ecdonaldb409 33485664 33643915 33833916 ecdonaldp521 38227191 38382978 38511134 ronald2048 53819590 53836460 53865098 ecdonaldk571 60355234 60558878 60678574 ecdonaldb571 110045323 114973425 115594429 ronald3072 238324747 244297137 248636560 ronald4096

Cycles to verify 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 125573 128013 131094 ronald512 151134 151974 153127 ronald768 194120 196032 199796 ronald1024 272758 280261 340592 mqqsig192 285806 286274 291158 ronald1536 290301 292000 301862 mqqsig160 388930 391325 393683 sflashv2 421997 424317 445228 ronald2048 465462 504842 517161 mqqsig224 674362 680983 726795 mqqsig256 779042 779958 815651 ronald3072 1081720 1086770 1089025 donald512 1279696 1292986 1328425 ronald4096 1516929 1523344 1526070 ed25519 2624926 2637606 2763896 ed448goldilocks 2969116 2997901 3014283 ecdonaldp160 3027534 3036149 3048900 donald1024 4010023 4144038 4158835 ecdonaldp192 5308289 5353843 5414074 ecdonaldp224 6026960 6089407 6119063 ecdonaldp256 7028721 7066010 7087656 ecdonaldk163 7400401 7436787 7483597 ecdonaldb163 10429317 10480417 10628651 donald2048 11790457 11839704 11898760 ecdonaldk233 12726419 12803792 12860346 ecdonaldb233 16372974 16410822 16468410 ecdonaldp384 21262240 21303748 21340403 ecdonaldk283 23395808 23521800 23556592 ecdonaldb283 36169181 36194028 37219319 ecdonaldp521 42949909 43218270 43294198 ecdonaldk409 48036138 48311545 48549300 ecdonaldb409 99353241 99759985 99891130 ecdonaldk571 112917086 113550030 113665212 ecdonaldb571

Secret key bytes system 60 ecdonaldp160 63 ecdonaldb163 63 ecdonaldk163 64 ed25519 72 ecdonaldp192 84 donald512 84 ecdonaldp224 90 ecdonaldb233 90 ecdonaldk233 96 ecdonaldp256 108 ecdonaldb283 108 ecdonaldk283 144 ecdonaldp384 144 ed448goldilocks 148 donald1024 156 ecdonaldb409 156 ecdonaldk409 198 ecdonaldp521 216 ecdonaldb571 216 ecdonaldk571 276 donald2048 401 mqqsig160 465 mqqsig192 512 ronald512 529 mqqsig224 593 mqqsig256 768 ronald768 1024 ronald1024 ntrumls401x 1158 1 ntrumls439x 1305 1 1536 ronald1536 ntrumls593x 1742 1 2048 ronald2048 ntrumls743x 2267 1 2823 sflashv2 3072 ronald3072 4096 ronald4096

Public key bytes system 32 ed25519 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 56 ed448goldilocks 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 donald512 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ronald512 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 128 donald1024 128 ronald1024 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 192 ronald1536 256 donald2048 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 ntrumls401x 972 1 ntrumls439x 1112 1 ntrumls593x 1478 1 ntrumls743x 1927 1 19266 sflashv2 206112 mqqsig160 333540 mqqsig192 529242 mqqsig224 789552 mqqsig256

Signing 0 bytes bytes system ntrumls401x -1 1 ntrumls439x -1 1 ntrumls593x -1 1 ntrumls743x -1 1 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 64 ronald512 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 112 ed448goldilocks 128 ronald1024 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 192 ronald1536 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096

Signing 23 bytes bytes system 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 41 ronald512 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 73 ronald768 96 ecdonaldp384 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 105 ronald1024 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 169 ronald1536 233 ronald2048 361 ronald3072 489 ronald4096

Signing many bytes bytes system 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 43 ronald1024 43 ronald1536 43 ronald2048 43 ronald3072 43 ronald4096 43 ronald512 43 ronald768 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571

amd64; Skylake (506e3); 2015 Intel Core i5-6600; 4 x 3310MHz; skylake, supercop-20160910

Cycles to generate a key pair quartile median quartile system 25122 25172 25248 lattisigns512 53548 53648 53778 ed25519 90066 90310 91042 donald512 90072 91204 93954 ecdonaldp256 118924 119310 121778 ecdonaldp224 153198 153472 153864 ed448goldilocks 212718 213426 214298 donald1024 292814 294922 295950 pass769 359824 360978 363136 pass863 550094 555854 563212 ecdonaldp160 602930 604426 607514 ecdonaldp521 610758 613342 618346 ecdonaldk163 641278 644466 650218 ecdonaldb163 652196 657258 665998 ecdonaldp192 662266 665254 670584 donald2048 773818 777524 782700 ecdonaldk233 807838 813926 821736 ecdonaldb233 1367308 1374330 1381558 ecdonaldk283 1454666 1458820 1472638 ecdonaldb283 2033112 2041338 2059212 ecdonaldp384 2146104 2153020 2171740 ecdonaldk409 2281452 2291320 2312732 ecdonaldb409 2799178 2800804 2810980 sphincs256 5054184 5070858 5094450 ecdonaldk571 5455046 5477170 5516398 ecdonaldb571 5489502 5518668 5556756 3icp 6977958 7114966 7247448 ntrumls401x 8314130 8413508 8608464 ntrumls439x 9361658 9380026 9427554 rainbowbinary256181212 8791910? 12724928? 21091330? ronald512 13985162 14019924 14047624 tts6440 14496450 14718434 14805372 ntrumls593x 23035018 23317972 23489918 ntrumls743x 20739922? 24352266? 40777788? rwb0fuz1024 15952062? 26006840? 38415338? ronald768 29482940 29578828 29776926 rainbowbinary16242020 34981402 35085860 35375972 rainbow5640 25652818? 51158536? 74724782? ronald1024 83969530 84363910 86468174 rainbow6440 77643068? 119894154? 173161846? ronald1536 171202592 171224520 171461652 sflashv2 157978448? 222777620? 373123358? ronald2048 360268036? 441980270? 578756132? mqqsig160 493558434? 585510254? 779549246? mqqsig192 419658756? 648933398? 1065420672? ronald3072 780988062 853432706 897437628 mqqsig224 1036997548 1099502454 1173458404 mqqsig256 1136693652? 1666690414? 2562486818? ronald4096

Cycles to sign 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 1432 1442 1454 mqqsig160 1938 1950 1972 mqqsig192 1942 1954 1970 mqqsig256 2338 2350 2358 mqqsig224 13660 13844 14090 rainbowbinary256181212 17598 17742 17934 tts6440 20724 20908 21154 rainbowbinary16242020 33222? 33906? 47076? rainbow5640 48534 48758 48886 ed25519 56438 56614 57360 rainbow6440 74222 74266 74340 sflashv2 130118 133048 135850 donald512 160960 161200 161588 ed448goldilocks 162896 164900 166942 ecdonaldp256 183268 183924 186492 ecdonaldp224 236328 239552 244038 donald1024 187608? 361892? 537216? lattisigns512 397890 406086 410898 ronald512 482348? 488002? 1270762? ntrumls439x 593994 600530 606900 ecdonaldp160 631744 636612 639944 donald2048 328506? 639796? 951714? pass769 246190? 648098? 868588? 3icp 656738 664204 672886 ecdonaldk163 681666 683926 686744 ecdonaldb163 683750 693376 702242 ronald768 697214 703924 710946 ecdonaldp192 432244? 781410? 806400? ntrumls401x 400062? 792752? 1198516? pass863 827794 828588 829156 rwb0fuz1024 846538 850412 854840 ecdonaldk233 856578 866796 876046 ronald1024 880702 883926 888948 ecdonaldb233 976344 979238 983110 ecdonaldp521 1024538? 1029120? 1886546? ntrumls743x 703966? 1266276? 1861536? ntrumls593x 1471358 1474490 1479072 ecdonaldk283 1558750 1562548 1568128 ecdonaldb283 2171198 2177874 2190314 ecdonaldp384 2343788 2350260 2363268 ecdonaldk409 2342754 2362296 2406718 ronald1536 2494646 2507150 2524352 ecdonaldb409 3465072 3484944 3521910 ronald2048 5463870 5487376 5536010 ecdonaldk571 5869042 5878332 5899848 ecdonaldb571 8747832 8781842 8810358 ronald3072 17884896 17933738 17969534 ronald4096 43264234 43319284 43448120 sphincs256

Cycles to verify 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 7258 7284 7328 rwb0fuz1024 10604 10616 10636 rainbowbinary256181212 12044 12244 12380 rainbowbinary16242020 16938 16980 17062 3icp 19212 19476 19752 rainbow5640 20664 20854 21226 mqqsig160 22104 22308 22952 ronald512 24394 24512 24638 rainbow6440 24528 24648 24728 tts6440 24622 24828 25118 ronald768 28652 28896 29510 ronald1024 31798 31840 31878 lattisigns512 33904 34126 34460 mqqsig192 38860 39060 39458 ronald1536 44358 44600 45020 mqqsig224 52322 52712 52956 ronald2048 55088 55464 55984 mqqsig256 86944 87182 87624 ronald3072 88828 88934 88994 sflashv2 120462 121260 122568 donald512 137300 138056 139746 ronald4096 161816 161940 162098 ed25519 203692 204398 205496 ntrumls401x 222802 223398 224136 ntrumls439x 250182 254106 255100 donald1024 309678 311702 315410 ecdonaldp256 325212 326080 327264 ntrumls593x 335252 337182 340722 ecdonaldp224 410438 417028 418464 pass769 474454 475478 477138 ntrumls743x 501192 501750 503486 ed448goldilocks 505324 506718 508306 pass863 675332 683302 690482 ecdonaldp160 754156 756310 773306 donald2048 809840 818028 822048 ecdonaldp192 1231184 1237518 1243468 ecdonaldk163 1243904 1246926 1253878 sphincs256 1292688 1297078 1303716 ecdonaldb163 1585272 1588682 1594994 ecdonaldk233 1647340 1652416 1657654 ecdonaldb233 1736104 1738162 1742990 ecdonaldp521 2499132 2509588 2520198 ecdonaldp384 2801362 2811192 2834772 ecdonaldk283 2947922 2957904 2975194 ecdonaldb283 4413766 4425178 4445910 ecdonaldk409 4696650 4708494 4728716 ecdonaldb409 10309894 10325916 10380422 ecdonaldk571 11130882 11154768 11205566 ecdonaldb571

Secret key bytes system 60 ecdonaldp160 63 ecdonaldb163 63 ecdonaldk163 64 ed25519 72 ecdonaldp192 84 donald512 84 ecdonaldp224 90 ecdonaldb233 90 ecdonaldk233 96 ecdonaldp256 108 ecdonaldb283 108 ecdonaldk283 144 ecdonaldp384 144 ed448goldilocks 148 donald1024 156 ecdonaldb409 156 ecdonaldk409 193 pass769 198 ecdonaldp521 216 ecdonaldb571 216 ecdonaldk571 216 pass863 256 lattisigns512 265 rwb0fuz1024 276 donald2048 401 mqqsig160 465 mqqsig192 512 ronald512 529 mqqsig224 593 mqqsig256 768 ronald768 1024 ronald1024 1088 sphincs256 1158 ntrumls401x 1305 ntrumls439x 1536 ronald1536 1742 ntrumls593x 2048 ronald2048 2267 ntrumls743x 2823 sflashv2 3072 ronald3072 4096 ronald4096 12768 3icp 16608 tts6440 23408 rainbowbinary256181212 86240 rainbow5640 94384 rainbowbinary16242020 150512 rainbow6440

Public key bytes system 32 ed25519 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 56 ed448goldilocks 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 donald512 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ronald512 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 128 donald1024 128 ronald1024 128 rwb0fuz1024 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 192 ronald1536 256 donald2048 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 972 ntrumls401x 1056 sphincs256 1112 ntrumls439x 1478 ntrumls593x 1536 lattisigns512 1544 pass769 1776 pass863 1927 ntrumls743x 19266 sflashv2 30240 rainbowbinary256181212 35712 3icp 44160 rainbow5640 57600 rainbow6440 57600 tts6440 102912 rainbowbinary16242020 206112 mqqsig160 333540 mqqsig192 529242 mqqsig224 789552 mqqsig256

Signing 0 bytes bytes system -1? ntrumls401x? ? -1? ntrumls439x? ? -1? ntrumls593x? ? -1? ntrumls743x? ? 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 32 rainbowbinary16242020 36 3icp 37 rainbow5640 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 42 rainbowbinary256181212 43 rainbow6440 43 tts6440 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 64 ronald512 65 rwb0fuz1024 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 112 ed448goldilocks 128 ronald1024 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 192 ronald1536 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 1184 lattisigns512 1602 pass769 1790 pass863 41000 sphincs256

Signing 23 bytes bytes system 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 32 rainbowbinary16242020 36 3icp 37 rainbow5640 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 41 ronald512 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 42 rainbowbinary256181212 43 rainbow6440 43 tts6440 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 65 rwb0fuz1024 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 73 ronald768 96 ecdonaldp384 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 105 ronald1024 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 169 ronald1536 233 ronald2048 361 ronald3072 489 ronald4096 853 ntrumls401x 988 ntrumls439x 1184 lattisigns512 1335 ntrumls593x 1602 pass769 1765 ntrumls743x 1790 pass863 41000 sphincs256

Signing many bytes bytes system 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 32 rainbowbinary16242020 36 3icp 37 rainbow5640 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 42 rainbowbinary256181212 43 rainbow6440 43 ronald1024 43 ronald1536 43 ronald2048 43 ronald3072 43 ronald4096 43 ronald512 43 ronald768 43 tts6440 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 65 rwb0fuz1024 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 853 ntrumls401x 988 ntrumls439x 1184 lattisigns512 1335 ntrumls593x 1602 pass769 1765 ntrumls743x 1790 pass863 41000 sphincs256

amd64; Airmont (406c3); 2015 Intel Celeron N3150; 4 x 1600MHz; par, supercop-20160910

Cycles to generate a key pair quartile median quartile system 157180 157340 157720 ed25519 297500 308900 337820 ecdonaldp256 361620 363120 376300 donald512 509380 518880 545020 ecdonaldp224 600460 603820 649700 pass769 702400 707120 813800 pass863 734320 746000 866380 ed448goldilocks 1078460? 1092480? 1358280? donald1024 1439240 1461280 1742000 ecdonaldp160 1572420 1593380 1879020 ecdonaldk163 1654500 1675460 1944100 ecdonaldb163 1687840 1711220 2011960 ecdonaldp192 2023060 2043960 2356980 ecdonaldk233 2096380 2122040 2403860 ecdonaldb233 2509640 2572400 2795840 ecdonaldp521 3568740 3590260 3639900 ecdonaldk283 3788600 3798820 3836920 donald2048 3794840 3810660 3867420 ecdonaldb283 5926440 5946040 5985080 ecdonaldk409 5994040 6035120 6122500 ecdonaldp384 6354620 6375520 6428860 ecdonaldb409 13573580 13609060 13657880 ecdonaldk571 14216240 14592400 14845380 ntrumls401x 14799860 14826180 14886880 ecdonaldb571 15640300 15885660 16245260 ntrumls439x 18985340 18999380 19033160 3icp 14127780? 21540280? 31292180? ronald512 25033300 25040580 25051420 sphincs256 28108880 28437880 28743360 ntrumls593x 38402040 38770440 39604660 rainbowbinary256181212 43880280 44343020 44833300 ntrumls743x 44576780 44618440 44834120 tts6440 36757780? 60267620? 90071140? ronald768 88511420? 98581360? 152254860? rwb0fuz1024 70560700? 120701440? 169668840? ronald1024 127219840 132194960 133674940 rainbow5640 136942160 138266860 139261880 rainbowbinary16242020 243472440 246315640 252197160 rainbow6440 163662940? 305876880? 454186320? ronald1536 620331360 620450740 620681880 sflashv2 369553080? 669172940? 997631380? ronald2048 552002740? 688012040? 975570220? mqqsig192 837557840? 950831300? 1203755660? mqqsig160 899842800 1012307820 1095070000 mqqsig224 2045324900 2117405400 2266171880 mqqsig256 1792331220? 2994269900? 4111111460? ronald3072 3141204560? 5813484780? 10789531220? ronald4096

Cycles to sign 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 5040 5060 5060 mqqsig160 5800 5800 5820 mqqsig192 6380 6400 6400 mqqsig224 6680 6680 6720 mqqsig256 46440 46540 46700 tts6440 49080 49180 49400 rainbowbinary256181212 81340 82320 84500 rainbowbinary16242020 111140? 115460? 172860? rainbow5640 154260 154440 154800 ed25519 162220? 168940? 261900? rainbow6440 189440 189600 190000 sflashv2 449520 457680 465440 donald512 533880 548660 577380 ecdonaldp256 722520 727760 741800 ecdonaldp224 763700 767760 793080 ed448goldilocks 998440? 1011460? 2642660? ntrumls439x 1032520 1048340 1072520 ronald512 1100940 1109660 1122820 donald1024 765260? 1534220? 2292640? pass769 1568580 1583120 1600320 ecdonaldp160 896020? 1616740? 1953160? ntrumls401x 886180? 1711800? 2651780? pass863 1728740 1738560 1751720 ecdonaldk163 1801960 1812720 1828460 ecdonaldb163 1839380 1850660 1868980 ecdonaldp192 1930260 1945860 1979420 ronald768 760760? 2037500? 2576620? 3icp 2169780? 2205920? 4123800? ntrumls743x 2245180 2259940 2281060 ecdonaldk233 2334580 2354540 2384840 ecdonaldb233 2731160 2752980 2794940 ronald1024 1588080? 2893000? 4423680? ntrumls593x 3582540 3613300 3651200 donald2048 3656400 3674940 3714960 rwb0fuz1024 3897900 3931000 3969200 ecdonaldp521 3932880 3947420 3957080 ecdonaldk283 4143800 4163100 4179580 ecdonaldb283 6508160 6551460 6741020 ecdonaldp384 6678680 6690720 6711440 ecdonaldk409 7130820 7159500 7203640 ecdonaldb409 8390300 8441280 8490560 ronald1536 14574540 14622600 14695760 ronald2048 15192420 15239300 15351680 ecdonaldk571 16291140 16360540 16547620 ecdonaldb571 42461660 42571980 42750840 ronald3072 93366280 93512900 93695200 ronald4096 465812840 466375780 466843720 sphincs256

Cycles to verify 59 bytes quartile median quartile system 26560 26940 27520 rwb0fuz1024 47680 47700 47740 rainbowbinary256181212 49340 52020 56280 3icp 60980 61740 66200 ronald512 63640 63720 64200 rainbowbinary16242020 69000 69040 71440 tts6440 70120 70400 70900 ronald768 73480 73640 73940 rainbow5640 74700 76620 77320 rainbow6440 87220 87680 88820 ronald1024 99140 99360 106780 mqqsig160 124940 125860 126620 ronald1536 146860 147600 170600 mqqsig192 172380 174120 178200 ronald2048 192220 192400 206480 mqqsig224 231460 231720 247380 mqqsig256 311120 311500 314060 sflashv2 321040 321920 327820 ronald3072 409340 414380 425320 ntrumls401x 459860 461160 467100 donald512 460660 462000 470740 ntrumls439x 525280 526800 532960 ronald4096 544400 546180 559780 ed25519 723260 726960 742700 ntrumls593x 976980 982560 996540 ntrumls743x 980380 989640 1014020 pass769 1085400 1097940 1149760 ecdonaldp256 1110280 1114280 1133140 pass863 1239920 1254920 1262320 donald1024 1484620 1502920 1553740 ecdonaldp224 1733280 1747780 1766460 ecdonaldp160 2076620 2086140 2106780 ecdonaldp192 2452140 2469600 2503980 ed448goldilocks 3140160 3161880 3185080 ecdonaldk163 3309680 3334620 3351180 ecdonaldb163 4032280 4069980 4092860 ecdonaldk233 4223600 4241200 4260880 ecdonaldb233 4333440 4352760 4366640 donald2048 5846460 5852740 5862620 sphincs256 6657920 6675040 6700740 ecdonaldp521 7233680 7253700 7290660 ecdonaldk283 7288480 7318960 7540560 ecdonaldp384 7676360 7688160 7712440 ecdonaldb283 12083080 12110520 12146260 ecdonaldk409 12907080 12944920 12997740 ecdonaldb409 27678940 27741600 28131300 ecdonaldk571 29960800 30042640 30162180 ecdonaldb571

Secret key bytes system 60 ecdonaldp160 63 ecdonaldb163 63 ecdonaldk163 64 ed25519 72 ecdonaldp192 84 donald512 84 ecdonaldp224 90 ecdonaldb233 90 ecdonaldk233 96 ecdonaldp256 108 ecdonaldb283 108 ecdonaldk283 144 ecdonaldp384 144 ed448goldilocks 148 donald1024 156 ecdonaldb409 156 ecdonaldk409 193 pass769 198 ecdonaldp521 216 ecdonaldb571 216 ecdonaldk571 216 pass863 265 rwb0fuz1024 276 donald2048 401 mqqsig160 465 mqqsig192 512 ronald512 529 mqqsig224 593 mqqsig256 768 ronald768 1024 ronald1024 1088 sphincs256 1158 ntrumls401x 1305 ntrumls439x 1536 ronald1536 1742 ntrumls593x 2048 ronald2048 2267 ntrumls743x 2823 sflashv2 3072 ronald3072 4096 ronald4096 12768 3icp 16608 tts6440 23408 rainbowbinary256181212 86240 rainbow5640 94384 rainbowbinary16242020 150512 rainbow6440

Public key bytes system 32 ed25519 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 56 ed448goldilocks 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 donald512 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ronald512 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 128 donald1024 128 ronald1024 128 rwb0fuz1024 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 192 ronald1536 256 donald2048 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 972 ntrumls401x 1056 sphincs256 1112 ntrumls439x 1478 ntrumls593x 1544 pass769 1776 pass863 1927 ntrumls743x 19266 sflashv2 30240 rainbowbinary256181212 35712 3icp 44160 rainbow5640 57600 rainbow6440 57600 tts6440 102912 rainbowbinary16242020 206112 mqqsig160 333540 mqqsig192 529242 mqqsig224 789552 mqqsig256

Signing 0 bytes bytes system -1? ntrumls401x? ? -1? ntrumls439x? ? -1? ntrumls593x? ? -1? ntrumls743x? ? 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 32 rainbowbinary16242020 36 3icp 37 rainbow5640 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 42 rainbowbinary256181212 43 rainbow6440 43 tts6440 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 64 ronald512 65 rwb0fuz1024 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 96 ronald768 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 112 ed448goldilocks 128 ronald1024 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 192 ronald1536 256 ronald2048 384 ronald3072 512 ronald4096 1602 pass769 1790 pass863 41000 sphincs256

Signing 23 bytes bytes system 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 32 rainbowbinary16242020 36 3icp 37 rainbow5640 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 41 ronald512 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 42 rainbowbinary256181212 43 rainbow6440 43 tts6440 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 65 rwb0fuz1024 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 73 ronald768 96 ecdonaldp384 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 105 ronald1024 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 169 ronald1536 233 ronald2048 361 ronald3072 489 ronald4096 853 ntrumls401x 988 ntrumls439x 1335 ntrumls593x 1602 pass769 1765 ntrumls743x 1790 pass863 41000 sphincs256

Signing many bytes bytes system 20 mqqsig160 24 mqqsig192 28 mqqsig224 32 mqqsig256 32 rainbowbinary16242020 36 3icp 37 rainbow5640 37 sflashv2 40 donald1024 40 donald2048 40 donald512 40 ecdonaldp160 42 ecdonaldb163 42 ecdonaldk163 42 rainbowbinary256181212 43 rainbow6440 43 ronald1024 43 ronald1536 43 ronald2048 43 ronald3072 43 ronald4096 43 ronald512 43 ronald768 43 tts6440 48 ecdonaldp192 56 ecdonaldp224 60 ecdonaldb233 60 ecdonaldk233 64 ecdonaldp256 64 ed25519 65 rwb0fuz1024 72 ecdonaldb283 72 ecdonaldk283 96 ecdonaldp384 104 ecdonaldb409 104 ecdonaldk409 112 ed448goldilocks 132 ecdonaldp521 144 ecdonaldb571 144 ecdonaldk571 853 ntrumls401x 988 ntrumls439x 1335 ntrumls593x 1602 pass769 1765 ntrumls743x 1790 pass863 41000 sphincs256