VAMPIRE

eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems
ECRYPT II
General information:IntroductioneBASHeBASCeBAEADeBATSSUPERCOPXBXComputersArch
How to submit new software:Tipshashstreamaeaddhkemencryptsign
List of primitives measured:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
Measurements:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
List of subroutines:verifydecodeencodesortcorehashblocksxofscalarmult

Measurements of key-encapsulation mechanisms on one machine: amd64; Bonnell (106ca); 2011 Intel Atom N435; 1 x 1330MHz; h4atom, supercop-20250922

[Page version: 20251117 17:10:59]

eBATS (ECRYPT Benchmarking of Asymmetric Systems) is a project to measure the performance of public-key systems. This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS for key-encapsulation mechanisms:

Each table row lists the first quartile of many speed measurements, the median of many speed measurements, the third quartile of many speed measurements, and the name of the primitive. Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks. The symbol C: means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security as a goal for this key-encapsulation mechanism. The symbol T: (starting with supercop-20200816) means that the SUPERCOP database at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time as a goal for this implementation. The symbol T!!! means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation, but that the implementation failed TIMECOP. (TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues; they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)

There is a separate page with more information about each key-encapsulation mechanism and each implementation. Designers and implementors interested in submitting new key-encapsulation mechanisms and new implementations of existing systems should read the call for submissions.

Test results

Graphs: old (pkcycles,pkbytes) (ccycles,cbytes) (kcycles,cbytes) (pkbytes,cbytes)

NISTPQC graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (ccycles,cbytes) (kcycles,cbytes) (pkbytes,cbytes)

Cycles to generate a key pair
25%50%75%system
338661344669367022
T:
lightsaber2
389848390316395003kyber512
422228423000427748timer
434625443725448361smaugt1
458464458701463152T!!!newhope512cca
492974?501548?649108?ntruplus576
562383563037566998
T:
lac128
621276623231629460kyber90s512
663768664767669994kyber768
708661709413723715ntruplus768
659278781149784253
T:
saber2
847691848269860739ntruplus864
887280888779896025
T:
C:hila5
856155892611903798smaugt3
973637975251982570T!!!newhope1024cca
102082410235471029418kyber1024
1053861?1095247?1519506?ntruplus1152
109545910974001104885
T:
firesaber2
110073611038491110047kyber90s768
110300011062421113784
T:
ntrulpr653
134137113454511351889
T:
ntrulpr761
138288713915781401906
T:
kindi256342
139081414056581492410smaugt5
144645914508581464126
T:
kindi512222
145452214586871474274
T:
kindi512241
157064015765251582643C:threebears624r2cpa
157706015840531590663threebears624r2cca
161394316198591628181
T:
ntrulpr857
174408017456211752205kyber90s1024
174217617508031757128
T:
lac256
180438418108151814278
T:
lac192
192571319294831936914
T:
ntrulpr953
217140221749432180692
T:
ntrulpr1013
301613330245153035118
T:
kindi512321
316268831654683178421
T:
ntrulpr1277
325290832791283333179
T:
C:edonk128k16n80nu4l6
337970533895003398714C:threebears936r2cpa
339308234022803406504threebears936r2cca
365963136729103686151
T:
kindi256522
439934744168124430872
T:
ntrukem443
458778846074424758565
T:
hqc1281
471887047295874749427
T:
C:edonk128k16n80nu8l6
531940753726595438620
T:
C:edonk128k32n96nu4l4
583324658569075866538threebears1248r2cca
586524458811275890947C:threebears1248r2cpa
678118767964236814306
T:
rqc128
675117468220796895943
T:
C:edonk192k32n128nu4l6
702443470375267067716
T:
C:edonk128ref
929304293527539574525
T:
hqc1921
968285797459459836218
T:
C:edonk192k48n144nu4l4
98242751002385610092211
T:
hqc1922
102853101029358310323730
T:
sntrup653
104023861040839410431672sntrup653
111512931116604911182539
T:
ntrukem743
118627031190453311968801
T:
C:lake1
132450251326775013333467
T:
rqc192
133644361338771413421036
T:
sntrup761
135335101354726613575554sntrup761
148095221483208214875858
T:
C:lake3
151818471541221515504248
T:
hqc2561
154988921552084715564010
T:
C:lake2
160443931605203316069136
T:
C:rolloi128
159750911625862116380144
T:
hqc2562
162693661628391416325926
T:
sntrup857
164082701642067116449541sntrup857
167391171703883817308212
T:
hqc2563
188969171893868423291632
T:
rqc256
200348252004008720056043
T:
ntrulpr4591761
205918472060962020643253
T:
sntrup953
207704672078994620817825sntrup953
210345212105289321090300
T:
C:rolloi192
228397092286133222900986
T:
sntrup1013
230025182302619723076990sntrup1013
231743812318282123250827
T:
frodokem640shake
237288172376923223840436
T:
locker1
258442022588704725984023
T:
locker2
285107322855859028639219
T:
locker3
303918743048944230540796
T:
ntruhps2048509
304875333058770130629831ntruhps2048509
311994863122660531332575
T:
C:rolloi256
322791823232300532418115
T:
locker4
356544693569305235809572
T:
locker5
363306303636353536429881
T:
sntrup1277
365958823662799736694273sntrup1277
365579733663799636775363
T:
locker6
430735724310536043190060
T:
C:bikel1
518901565191548552042456
T:
frodokem976shake
527278955274939652820405
T:
ntruhps2048677
527544355283263252883285ntruhps2048677
544379955447702254545992
T:
frodokem640
548195865485345354925676
T:
frodokem640aes
562159045624121656330537ntruhrss701
584758795859710658806146
T:
remblem1056
592764865952034159742283
T:
remblem928
659265006601654366222940
T:
locker7
684495006853772668721744
T:
locker8
704766067050082470585679
T:
sntrup4591761
706216217069372770773938sntrup4591761
732923727337091373565766
T:
locker9
755768377564434375745344
T:
rolloii128
756321177575914475930445
T:
ntruhps4096821
759333567602888376096748ntruhps4096821
873537108746266187602192
T:
rolloii192
877702598780571087858123
T:
sikep503
103654537103768560103933566
T:
rolloii256
104264259104394956104510074
T:
frodokem1344shake
108073591108276001109439127
T:
lotus128
125679337125791499125873068
T:
frodokem976
126265517126361311126461965
T:
frodokem976aes
137811706137888365138018308
T:
C:bikel3
138076491138726407139195058
T:
mersenne756839
140728566141306806155047521
T:
sikep503comp
173482250178962772186191360
T:
ntskem1264
228191191228889553229146368
T:
lotus192
238309058238438984238594556
T:
frodokem1344aes
252746050252928138253171012
T:
sikep434
291117685291185392291309087
T:
sikep751
401130470401497042437165843
T:
sikep434comp
405583035405982916406874196
T:
lotus256
453156332453787810491607549
T:
sikep751comp
544110330546514258547136576mceliece348864f
546422051549750622550626347mceliece348864pcf
451320064?572062603?693654904?mceliece348864pc
423718008?662921740?1025723644?
T:
mceliece348864
455738062?681725817?922340630?mceliece348864
747649572747918681748205366
T:
sikep610
895838666897941302899460569
T:
ntskem1380
624893610?1025422382?1749281594?
T:
rsa2048
125338919812545620781355852095
T:
sikep610comp
171868933117205789951723760784
T:
mceliece460896f
171887215017211358681723654807
T:
mceliece460896pcf
180414972718086471271814916298
T:
ntskem13136
187573300518802255871881649337mceliece460896pcf
188223227418834243931884362637mceliece460896f
188745144518935185881923169371
T:
oddmanhattan128
236523805324146817972436596450
T:
bigquake1
303717860630446772423048332923
T:
oddmanhattan192
348809802834892890813490796077
T:
mceliece6960119f
364680472736479935663648904420mceliece6960119pcf
364758614736485253253649418967mceliece6960119f
2127184716?3830253475?4721454831?
T:
mceliece460896pc
385160356938553333353856736995
T:
mceliece8192128pcf
386046636238631882183869305171
T:
mceliece8192128f
2297706205?3987152588?4867516024?mceliece460896
3120202938?3993456712?5764654894?mceliece460896pc
401192381640178006794072975191mceliece8192128f
399371646140239106924031179155mceliece8192128pcf
405027796440516773704052534840
T:
mceliece6688128pcf
419589195641970697914198318975mceliece6688128f
420970914542110771594212385587mceliece6688128pcf
523981294552557021205261973309
T:
oddmanhattan256
5314946326?7516983022?9814762669?mceliece6688128pc
6144553480?8021022153?13447091331?
T:
mceliece8192128
6176993775?8034520685?11731203827?
T:
mceliece6960119pc
4500090230?8145821377?11823797761?mceliece6960119
6319381470?8170784273?11845220093?mceliece6960119pc
6318320872?8194946287?11921522460?mceliece8192128pc
5243082695?8947603789?10833060304?
T:
mceliece8192128pc
6757388576?9378658511?12436722371?mceliece8192128
5294941731?9730342616?11985810808?mceliece6688128
215058392402215104663822255063052
T:
bigquake3
400214411524114591794041249097003
T:
bigquake5
Cycles for encapsulation
25%50%75%system
130529137054139765
T:
rsa2048
283108290878302060mceliece348864
285462293946311856
T:
mceliece348864
283804294713303245mceliece348864f
306275306416313337ntruplus576
312967322228339528mceliece348864pcf
320184330903338796mceliece348864pc
346140348468352290
T:
ntskem1264
358763365294367830
T:
C:edonk128k16n80nu4l6
425962431504452592timer
423228446979454485smaugt1
459861460073468675ntruplus768
489221501009501450
T:
lightsaber2
507040507282516073ntruplus864
539107540723543258
T:
C:edonk128k32n96nu4l4
550259555088558486
T:
C:edonk128k16n80nu8l6
560325560501564580kyber512
570307587868631440mceliece460896
571254595859645415mceliece460896f
571962620755663324
T:
mceliece460896f
620214639714678615mceliece460896pcf
619578644562676044
T:
mceliece460896pc
625656648180697824mceliece460896pc
628308649290691908
T:
mceliece460896pcf
679014679316687570ntruplus1152
703760712092733316
T:
ntrukem443
758581759029761338T!!!newhope512cca
806048807542810217kyber90s512
836534862497882570smaugt3
884386885464889490kyber768
914275918603926636
T:
C:edonk128ref
934007935058938422
T:
saber2
937922941325947221
T:
ntruhps2048509
101839110201521023283ntruhps2048509
101553610460281092523mceliece6688128f
105222710545911059608
T:
lac128
102709010664821104091mceliece6688128
106788010696791073451
T:
sntrup653
107551211136971161583
T:
mceliece6688128pcf
109588711233681177919mceliece6688128pcf
109930811366831202982mceliece6688128pc
115056711677541209132mceliece8192128f
114990011678041200570mceliece8192128
115008011684001205220
T:
mceliece8192128
114769211690821203600
T:
mceliece8192128f
117551611769771178730sntrup653
120926012138621224286
T:
C:edonk192k32n128nu4l6
121341012165251223538
T:
C:hila5
121414212329461280602
T:
mceliece8192128pcf
121344012329761269282mceliece8192128pcf
121387212383521265232mceliece8192128pc
122118112489821285516
T:
mceliece8192128pc
126705012912301352801
T:
mceliece6960119f
129011812928651295616kyber1024
125966213021921351596mceliece6960119
126946813063621338966mceliece6960119f
130441713066241311618
T:
sntrup761
133852613402351341831kyber90s768
131924113467661398774mceliece6960119pc
132114413515601392516
T:
mceliece6960119pc
133001613598221401450mceliece6960119pcf
137410113759131383322
T:
C:edonk192k48n144nu4l4
143941114418331445213sntrup761
139574014909581514765smaugt5
150094415027851507385
T:
firesaber2
153459115405541544443
T:
ntruhps2048677
152774115417021553178
T:
ntrukem743
156441015692091573189
T:
sntrup857
159477215966351597746T!!!newhope1024cca
159094816033861615562
T:
ntskem1380
162075816235381629117ntruhrss701
165770716598001664595ntruhps2048677
169967317068761713322
T:
C:rolloi128
171840317210041725879sntrup857
180568818095911813907
T:
kindi256342
187497718796681884199
T:
sntrup953
197765519827031994464
T:
C:rolloi192
202993520320522038484kyber90s1024
204959320539582057482sntrup953
206980920763002083232
T:
kindi512222
208172420865222094362
T:
kindi512241
212148821249892132998
T:
ntrulpr653
212461421277962132461
T:
sntrup1013
217242121766762179660
T:
ntruhps4096821
221478522185722227844threebears624r2cca
223082322377032247499C:threebears624r2cpa
228667122924522300190sntrup1013
230660023094632311816ntruhps4096821
231197723196852331486
T:
C:lake1
252391425350322542340
T:
C:rolloi256
258154425845412597771
T:
ntrulpr761
267308426773312680349
T:
lac192
274103727480522765625
T:
C:bikel1
279782628022542814545
T:
lotus128
282517628356042849849
T:
C:lake2
287847328941052916828
T:
ntskem13136
302446830328303047618
T:
C:lake3
311724031229343131109
T:
sntrup1277
311786931244123140307
T:
ntrulpr857
337029933741603388192
T:
lac256
338731933917273402672sntrup1277
351559535309543550084
T:
locker1
362720036343543649372
T:
locker2
374294237479013761516
T:
ntrulpr953
392633639343133947333
T:
kindi512321
407128140983424153296
T:
locker3
421722742272134235087
T:
ntrulpr1013
423549742379224249000
T:
lotus192
431054043227894336264threebears936r2cca
433636843451894358669C:threebears936r2cpa
436531343771734391569
T:
kindi256522
450968545177014534242
T:
locker4
525616952835315316519
T:
locker6
533346053470995379136
T:
locker5
601202660164666026081
T:
lotus256
604702460561666080998
T:
rolloii128
616898561827336206126
T:
ntrulpr1277
687054968776286891091
T:
rolloii192
705772070888577092248threebears1248r2cca
711260571341227147884C:threebears1248r2cpa
716260271863927366558
T:
hqc1281
766092576699017690138
T:
rolloii256
828950383118878345904
T:
locker7
832261183321358344382
T:
C:bikel3
833082683542828391456
T:
locker8
914802991746049227535
T:
locker9
98808681004010310144971
T:
bigquake1
106744411069000610709709
T:
rqc128
152506191535701315574639
T:
hqc1921
162759511648023016698570
T:
hqc1922
199823411998564419992104
T:
sntrup4591761
201176752011989820127303sntrup4591761
225274442256796422638148
T:
rqc192
235051482417733624586643
T:
bigquake3
260930062635306426569154
T:
hqc2561
276192232793464128057972
T:
hqc2562
288028942881162328843215
T:
frodokem640shake
288107162915952429341436
T:
hqc2563
309584003099174831037928
T:
rqc256
344957393531407935849872
T:
bigquake5
398595073987235439896097
T:
ntrulpr4591761
569659745699505257053995
T:
frodokem640
571814095720678457277299
T:
frodokem640aes
634667286350061063636063
T:
frodokem976shake
868546198710696887413428
T:
remblem1056
883868168862167588869093
T:
remblem928
103069060103160461103284333
T:
mersenne756839
114399903114525282114657508
T:
frodokem1344shake
130728332130882335130976606
T:
frodokem976
130894186130984647131053211
T:
frodokem976aes
144756835144832621144880292
T:
sikep503
219159124219511780220743272
T:
sikep503comp
232346990234948049236354824
T:
oddmanhattan128
246723812246861752246996077
T:
frodokem1344aes
414218216414443522414688937
T:
sikep434
435051220436064695437352345
T:
oddmanhattan192
472207501472312179472414757
T:
sikep751
631369948632778463638216245
T:
sikep434comp
725461649725962463733339134
T:
sikep751comp
9765151019813482741009366311
T:
oddmanhattan256
137632445813766615481376991379
T:
sikep610
185798284318665201071877068695
T:
sikep610comp
Cycles for decapsulation
25%50%75%system
349847349965350751
T:
C:hila5
449112449217450646ntruplus576
572408575913611196timer
569087595838615427smaugt1
596000596247598674
T:
lightsaber2
659886660051664866ntruplus768
716311716660720018kyber512
769653769819772972ntruplus864
864607866732870816C:threebears624r2cpa
943291943567946422T!!!newhope512cca
968176969104970630kyber90s512
9975339986461004409ntruplus1152
107212810780601117875
T:
saber2
108557510871301090236kyber768
105325110952861097568smaugt3
119454111949011197270C:threebears936r2cpa
122042912244681233692
T:
ntrukem443
141033914117181419206mceliece348864f
141019814122461418132
T:
mceliece348864
141136814149241419215mceliece348864
143751214388421443635mceliece348864pcf
143914214430271447792mceliece348864pc
146434314650611474188
T:
ntskem1264
147294814757551480386
T:
lac128
152374515308621533830C:threebears1248r2cpa
153724915407161545905kyber1024
154829315496561552401kyber90s768
171774417769361824408smaugt5
178985717922661794769
T:
firesaber2
198240219834031985691T!!!newhope1024cca
228430422858202287356kyber90s1024
232190823272092329903
T:
kindi256342
250815625109342518984
T:
ntskem1380
257092325754802588188
T:
sntrup653
257664125810072594154sntrup653
269248027030752712448ntruhps2048509
269455427038052712122
T:
ntruhps2048509
282578228335542838808
T:
ntrukem743
285966228634272874010
T:
kindi512241
285771728647192878200
T:
kindi512222
302671130313303040180
T:
ntrulpr653
320178232027493207697sntrup761
320301832046713205884
T:
sntrup761
325989432617043272806
T:
lotus128
370450937056483719073mceliece460896
370581837093123728134
T:
mceliece460896f
370705737129813729658mceliece460896f
371322537184993731990
T:
ntrulpr761
373136637331063746326
T:
mceliece460896pc
373246237350033756871mceliece460896pc
373446737365833753170mceliece460896pcf
373803337521163758883
T:
mceliece460896pcf
393798539399403960396
T:
sntrup857
394554939504513964018sntrup857
396182539633273979689
T:
mceliece6960119f
396117239638113977389mceliece6960119f
396365239663753984671mceliece6960119
399761539988024002783mceliece6960119pcf
399700839989594020544mceliece6960119pc
399994740019684021475
T:
mceliece6960119pc
403490240368434057508
T:
mceliece8192128f
403510340369594045717
T:
mceliece8192128
403470740379334052313mceliece8192128f
403556940392304057067mceliece8192128
406929740703794073876mceliece8192128pcf
407006240721154082228
T:
mceliece8192128pcf
407066640731074093247
T:
mceliece8192128pc
407373140765654096990mceliece8192128pc
411955841231104140245mceliece6688128f
412252541286784146179mceliece6688128
415370041550744173140
T:
mceliece6688128pcf
415633241592624176445mceliece6688128pc
415738941595954174728mceliece6688128pcf
416585041714974196705
T:
lac192
445362144619244478581
T:
C:rolloi128
449019644974804504253
T:
ntrulpr857
449771245051284515415ntruhps2048677
451468245173804525904
T:
ntruhps2048677
473212547410544753990threebears624r2cca
477956747850914796706sntrup953
477779947900134805029
T:
sntrup953
485696348585744866545ntruhrss701
508133050919955104977
T:
kindi512321
511010051121525126697
T:
ntskem13136
514150451556495163815
T:
lac256
514941151623025169021
T:
C:rolloi192
517660851880355201865
T:
lotus192
521865252309435246483
T:
kindi256522
539872554158295440032
T:
ntrulpr953
542308954258115439892
T:
sntrup1013
542635154324315440108sntrup1013
598518059937206009762
T:
C:lake1
610484661159426129782
T:
ntrulpr1013
639582564017466407560
T:
ntruhps4096821
640950164124396421925ntruhps4096821
748564674947547510371
T:
lotus256
788247478915537908910
T:
C:rolloi256
812519881298698141323sntrup1277
812511281415258151138
T:
sntrup1277
899896390179299047540threebears936r2cca
900773590197189030468
T:
ntrulpr1277
100185741006858210107597
T:
C:lake2
106685841068555310709899
T:
hqc1281
127356501276513512808823
T:
C:lake3
128951151297803813072677
T:
locker1
131814401321109113274896
T:
bigquake1
138394361390062913943124
T:
locker2
141233081414122514160593
T:
rolloii128
145677191458326414623958threebears1248r2cca
150947521523380715311134
T:
locker4
162156791625072016317815
T:
rolloii192
187411401884583518905937
T:
locker3
189554051897234219016744
T:
rolloii256
10686227?19865494?33785557?
T:
C:edonk128k32n96nu4l4
209577252101172621080114
T:
locker5
211155972122813221303327
T:
locker6
216189422163385121656216
T:
rsa2048
220100112211459522395957
T:
hqc1921
231470392336449423419751
T:
hqc1922
256044742566369225739302
T:
locker7
260969582614290526255840
T:
locker8
286167272863177828665837
T:
frodokem640shake
19418090?30678612?30846634?
T:
C:edonk192k48n144nu4l4
329331413305173033205725
T:
locker9
373361073742673737685733
T:
hqc2561
392240183932868040139324
T:
hqc2562
402993404083153041228281
T:
hqc2563
466105474667023046780049
T:
C:bikel1
553977445545843255525016
T:
rqc128
570043925703218757124088
T:
frodokem640aes
570337645709997957163596
T:
frodokem640
596661315968462359702333
T:
ntrulpr4591761
605197076052973760554725sntrup4591761
605191646055240260571596
T:
sntrup4591761
631450826321518463319846
T:
frodokem976shake
54520963?102431597?607549423?
T:
C:edonk128k16n80nu4l6
113841308113937127114063214
T:
frodokem1344shake
101926032?115889560?235267912?
T:
C:edonk192k32n128nu4l6
116910224117131067117444748
T:
remblem1056
118805453119034359119262971
T:
remblem928
122332155122480975122597998
T:
rqc192
130555903130657801130731431
T:
frodokem976aes
130822255130929876131012534
T:
frodokem976
146075311146395405152592090
T:
mersenne756839
153918834153970249154042097
T:
sikep503
154248744154376348154612726
T:
C:bikel3
163452049163490132163547140
T:
sikep503comp
166436858184546831187133474
T:
bigquake3
187674940187818362187938750
T:
rqc256
83413143?194481858?416772871?
T:
C:edonk128ref
90611325?214115054?422832520?
T:
C:edonk128k16n80nu8l6
246402867246472425246582986
T:
frodokem1344aes
261817763266669901267303289
T:
oddmanhattan128
282969596285231692285862537
T:
bigquake5
441697848441890159442125512
T:
sikep434
468381268468637351468858780
T:
sikep434comp
499440341500673734503958407
T:
oddmanhattan192
507306647507409726507516271
T:
sikep751
537279009537379880537472714
T:
sikep751comp
110263047911189635521148045866
T:
oddmanhattan256
138416967913844565961385024294
T:
sikep610
146496164114652613761465697645
T:
sikep610comp