Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Zen 2 (860f01); 2022 AMD Ryzen 5 4500U; 6 x 3600MHz; renoir, supercop-20260330
[Page version: 20260405 18:01:20]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 52571 | 53187 | 53862 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 68696 | 69414 | 70237 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 99531 | 100400 | 101127 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 101338 | 102494 | 103672 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 122030 | 123144 | 124430 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 171003 | 171922 | 173397 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 443973 | 448343 | 453189 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 479809 | 481845 | 483318 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 501032 | 503200 | 505419 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 858743 | 862638 | 866274 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1175924 | 1179581 | 1184469 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1266893 | 1270742 | 1275075 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1478556 | 1482956 | 1486888 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2754402 | 2790835 | 2935866 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3378939 | 3381189 | 3442628 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3492941 | 3503177 | 3517358 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4341603? | 4350838? | 5685341? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 4158701? | 4769020? | 6270422? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5640036 | 5675741 | 6001196 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5994748? | 6191749? | 9199738? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7109156 | 7118072 | 7125982 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 8337946 | 8342726 | 8765926 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 8278127 | 8429868 | 8575288 | T: lotus128 |
| 9374581 | 9394687 | 11193160 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9631782 | 9646847 | 10585730 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 11183212 | 11246906 | 11288445 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11448382 | 11486163 | 11944079 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 12247504 | 12333496 | 13429597 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 14766722 | 14848651 | 15457329 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17253972 | 17268194 | 17291287 | T: lotus192 |
| 17676771 | 18000721 | 19877333 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 18163199 | 18263641 | 20682115 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 23766455 | 23818374 | 23883084 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 26844570 | 26916830 | 26997102 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 26897998 | 26925912 | 27072612 | T: lotus256 |
| 27788531 | 28723251 | 31257172 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 29653957 | 30389038 | 31643097 | T: C:mceliece |
| 31831974 | 32123964 | 32662849 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 40624784 | 40701054 | 40805085 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 42564509 | 42736969 | 42857941 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 45573386 | 46161013 | 47224571 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 36270729? | 50897520? | 72579493? | T: ronald1024 |
| 52790328 | 52912112 | 53009737 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 62017475 | 62313529 | 62781242 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 68582284 | 68675860 | 68779953 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 70902555 | 71057560 | 71217306 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 47296932? | 75554841? | 123987041? | T: rsa2048 |
| 83286708 | 84169479 | 84892814 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 85582489 | 85882513 | 86385695 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 48990095? | 86575509? | 137238048? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 93553894 | 93676612 | 93856419 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 137875221 | 138384101 | 139112856 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 173171832? | 264431980? | 398599334? | T: ronald1536 |
| 314449365? | 455349326? | 664197207? | T: ronald2048 |
| 1002739358? | 1483141804? | 2267162383? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3100697247 | 3196868003 | 3276836304 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2271700309? | 3655582264? | 7035512681? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 17831 | 18168 | 19152 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 18162 | 18671 | 19728 | T: rsa2048 |
| 38223 | 38408 | 38660 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 40788 | 41446 | 43213 | T: ronald1024 |
| 42558 | 42820 | 43097 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 45760 | 46476 | 47200 | T: C:mceliece |
| 49587 | 50621 | 53131 | T: ronald1536 |
| 62272 | 62549 | 62855 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 62666 | 65162 | 67710 | T: ronald2048 |
| 79052 | 79438 | 79859 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 98017 | 98635 | 99273 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 97805 | 100102 | 103285 | T: ronald3072 |
| 108381 | 108759 | 109158 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 130728 | 131361 | 132220 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 147904 | 151515 | 155518 | T: ronald4096 |
| 131770 | 156384 | 157368 | T: lotus128 |
| 172449 | 173343 | 174215 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 186636 | 187616 | 188676 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 226513 | 226900 | 227447 | T: lotus192 |
| 229460 | 230171 | 231307 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 251824 | 254030 | 299339 | T: lotus256 |
| 273339 | 274084 | 274875 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 278616 | 279973 | 281300 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 365284 | 367324 | 369756 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 448021 | 448993 | 450206 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 524364 | 528174 | 529195 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 543042 | 544621 | 545448 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 560499 | 563616 | 567807 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 597014 | 599147 | 600923 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 640872 | 642223 | 643976 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 681534 | 682925 | 684537 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 694064 | 695901 | 697630 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 729757 | 732301 | 759289 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 731546 | 734133 | 761944 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 776627 | 777992 | 778606 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 844066 | 849945 | 851064 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 869993 | 873120 | 882983 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 999852 | 1001192 | 1018501 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1010928 | 1016096 | 1017821 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1133060 | 1137723 | 1138672 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1163484 | 1166527 | 1169277 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1385614 | 1386879 | 1388669 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1418812 | 1420718 | 1423326 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1459693 | 1468499 | 1470167 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1474072 | 1477884 | 1485252 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1531518 | 1535909 | 1540116 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1808056 | 1812626 | 1815466 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 1906028 | 1909767 | 1913751 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2070124 | 2073105 | 2078863 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2076378 | 2079550 | 2082538 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2075420 | 2102254 | 2119999 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2237073 | 2239665 | 2242234 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2626827 | 2629329 | 2634283 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2783284 | 2786617 | 2789384 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3126330 | 3129624 | 3202575 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3139558 | 3141399 | 3144935 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 16508958 | 16529945 | 16551750 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 42148 | 42256 | 42412 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 46606 | 46755 | 46872 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 68967 | 69326 | 69482 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 90982 | 91334 | 92028 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 108063 | 109469 | 109780 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 148697 | 149461 | 157250 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 155134 | 156299 | 158223 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 151339 | 168430 | 168952 | T: lotus128 |
| 208800 | 209333 | 210748 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 227721 | 229513 | 232409 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 272969 | 273307 | 273889 | T: lotus192 |
| 292540 | 293713 | 295001 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 309898 | 310866 | 360665 | T: lotus256 |
| 382155 | 383677 | 385874 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 776028 | 776924 | 777909 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 790709 | 793695 | 803842 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 790536 | 809471 | 817475 | T: C:mceliece |
| 846751 | 854936 | 864965 | T: ronald1024 |
| 1079707 | 1084049 | 1089720 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1083201 | 1087108 | 1092797 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1293840 | 1297155 | 1301402 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1346914 | 1351495 | 1358027 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1526541 | 1533536 | 1540622 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1548734 | 1554377 | 1560643 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1581078 | 1587343 | 1597616 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1831169 | 1838291 | 1853409 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 1900319 | 1906242 | 1912703 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1879023 | 1910938 | 1928626 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 1974284 | 1978319 | 1984538 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 1967751 | 1979913 | 1987396 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2020729 | 2024774 | 2028580 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2113487 | 2131392 | 2143494 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2261507 | 2272751 | 2286495 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2322147 | 2338275 | 2357418 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2393165 | 2400202 | 2403741 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2435054 | 2437604 | 2440799 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2614922 | 2637816 | 2657124 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 2658105 | 2682986 | 2719037 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 2787622 | 2818335 | 2871150 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3227296 | 3228880 | 3230317 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3410191 | 3426847 | 3441164 | T: ronald2048 |
| 5228032 | 5235944 | 5245541 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 5336788 | 5348188 | 5360956 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 5625977 | 5636776 | 5737337 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6622247 | 6649447 | 6727558 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8086196 | 8117405 | 8125601 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 8664570 | 8694776 | 8716458 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9016311 | 9035781 | 9112978 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 10854523 | 10865386 | 10873965 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 11078752 | 11104586 | 11281072 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 12156256 | 12176014 | 12202749 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 13755502 | 13815796 | 13854746 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 14891760 | 14909349 | 14929481 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 16076047 | 16085602 | 16147061 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 16922371 | 16944005 | 17089364 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17846178 | 17886781 | 17924483 | T: ronald4096 |
| 108218805 | 108297135 | 108364130 | T: pqrsa15 |
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