Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Haswell+AES (306c3); 2013 Intel Core i7-4765T; 4 x 2000MHz; prodesk, supercop-20260330
[Page version: 20260503 04:12:58]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 54243 | 54944 | 56091 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 71958 | 72790 | 73796 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 101674 | 102583 | 103793 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 100350 | 102756 | 103823 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 126308 | 127070 | 127952 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 178350 | 182023 | 184228 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 446968 | 449338 | 453402 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 511693 | 515480 | 529425 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 513651 | 516564 | 519428 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 878742 | 882755 | 886625 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1134774 | 1159855 | 1164273 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1262860 | 1269870 | 1277299 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1541286 | 1570911 | 1579673 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2835557 | 2869226 | 2906227 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3641232 | 3663547 | 3917730 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3932452 | 3946502 | 4143245 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4542651? | 4630491? | 6614757? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 4278348? | 4880356? | 5841700? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 6314350 | 6405476 | 7144507 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 7935906 | 7990924 | 8065310 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7067072? | 8561602? | 10843751? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 9053981 | 9112829 | 9805796 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 10606164 | 10742118 | 11865198 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 11007970 | 11040568 | 12902044 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 11468818 | 11622134 | 11974653 | T: lotus128 |
| 13078994 | 13241976 | 13431392 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 12932586 | 13400730 | 14731674 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 14239506 | 14283615 | 14382624 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 17563640 | 17585653 | 21314840 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 20816278 | 21433467 | 23101770 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 22045990 | 22076468 | 22098200 | T: lotus192 |
| 21797472 | 22360752 | 26175887 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 28738228 | 28885934 | 29047449 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 28791377 | 29892904 | 31508654 | T: C:mceliece |
| 34137398 | 34280825 | 34395716 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 35967288 | 35993076 | 36042254 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 34223222 | 36138108 | 39460386 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 37150524 | 37392911 | 38041069 | T: lotus256 |
| 43240678 | 43584161 | 44134834 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 58177153 | 58428082 | 58738705 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 61994971 | 62338011 | 63011108 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 50891914? | 69217446? | 95151550? | T: ronald1024 |
| 74866958 | 74957246 | 75081914 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 86752256 | 87169154 | 87772589 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 94684528 | 94785859 | 94911350 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 100410477 | 100981616 | 101149160 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 117431544 | 117958720 | 118652862 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 123616778 | 123983397 | 124633292 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 130907054 | 131483512 | 131744499 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 80746618? | 132879257? | 217353098? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 74195126? | 133021614? | 199727988? | T: rsa2048 |
| 202171220 | 202807042 | 203758149 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 217322692? | 308008973? | 466105996? | T: ronald1536 |
| 293708386? | 433069138? | 655657508? | T: ronald2048 |
| 1698941500? | 2467667101? | 3616236214? | T: ronald3072 |
| 4123879446 | 4256932079 | 4402700659 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 4330280022? | 6808924319? | 9952292915? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 25184 | 25832 | 27200 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 25374 | 26601 | 28043 | T: rsa2048 |
| 40962 | 41278 | 41526 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 40130 | 41824 | 46367 | T: ronald1024 |
| 46280 | 46839 | 47492 | T: C:mceliece |
| 46571 | 46842 | 47207 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 52990 | 54012 | 56429 | T: ronald1536 |
| 66277 | 66518 | 66884 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 70946 | 72729 | 75329 | T: ronald2048 |
| 83843 | 84260 | 84662 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 100245 | 101307 | 102666 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 110544 | 111542 | 114996 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 120553 | 122359 | 125870 | T: ronald3072 |
| 135611 | 136402 | 139531 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 172035 | 175967 | 181517 | T: lotus128 |
| 180339 | 182372 | 183530 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 185075 | 187230 | 190551 | T: ronald4096 |
| 195164 | 197686 | 200075 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 242740 | 243427 | 244383 | T: lotus192 |
| 250244 | 259736 | 267033 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 300215 | 312965 | 316443 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 323277 | 324776 | 325788 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 346693 | 347149 | 347726 | T: lotus256 |
| 436286 | 437559 | 439662 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 533730 | 534966 | 536172 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 595810 | 607142 | 612561 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 630533 | 632752 | 637275 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 651410 | 653072 | 655146 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 684089 | 692420 | 697059 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 732630 | 735899 | 747542 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 746196 | 750854 | 763306 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 764526 | 766383 | 769241 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 765772 | 768404 | 769017 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 772926 | 773250 | 773912 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 858793 | 860902 | 866686 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 844915 | 862582 | 875840 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 990476 | 993584 | 1004431 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1075143 | 1077036 | 1080057 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1192283 | 1204489 | 1206425 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1292519 | 1297278 | 1303258 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1391956 | 1402352 | 1413068 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1446191 | 1447559 | 1451593 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1479954 | 1500551 | 1519356 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1525373 | 1526829 | 1532941 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1541776 | 1545353 | 1549510 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1857208 | 1864750 | 1875994 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 1879279 | 1884444 | 1894035 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 2042540 | 2050966 | 2059454 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2208068 | 2214716 | 2265817 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2256088 | 2257998 | 2262750 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2288143 | 2319294 | 2330022 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2417502 | 2426141 | 2521293 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2713290 | 2718405 | 2722388 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 3001814 | 3044021 | 3067201 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3340253 | 3348129 | 3356016 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3385761 | 3396472 | 3424835 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 20950633 | 20995578 | 21016872 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 46880 | 47340 | 48102 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 52332 | 52734 | 53482 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 75726 | 76170 | 77492 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 100682 | 101601 | 103694 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 111356 | 116617 | 123730 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 160902 | 163534 | 168821 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 173196 | 176984 | 182753 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 184202 | 184878 | 185670 | T: lotus128 |
| 233144 | 235457 | 239687 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 250747 | 254304 | 258138 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 292115 | 292586 | 293228 | T: lotus192 |
| 333550 | 356719 | 358088 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 430480 | 431019 | 431832 | T: lotus256 |
| 420504 | 433562 | 436420 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 804102 | 807561 | 821488 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 971883 | 975932 | 984734 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 966304 | 997223 | 1014477 | T: C:mceliece |
| 1140566 | 1155381 | 1189446 | T: ronald1024 |
| 1321903 | 1328673 | 1341049 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1344976 | 1352495 | 1363303 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1608110 | 1615568 | 1623839 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1662718 | 1675238 | 1697802 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1891891 | 1902742 | 1912745 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1900159 | 1908078 | 1917693 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1931475 | 1941413 | 2077220 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1973862 | 1983780 | 1995624 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2240905 | 2248232 | 2256652 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2344786 | 2356736 | 2365136 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2414301 | 2422693 | 2445360 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2405357 | 2448034 | 2470516 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2595729 | 2603729 | 2612384 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2634965 | 2638342 | 2641948 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2641510 | 2651403 | 2760084 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2721402 | 2726637 | 2730982 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2803746 | 2908114 | 2967762 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2928396 | 2945436 | 2962553 | T: ronald1536 |
| 3268476 | 3281757 | 3292794 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3351334 | 3373372 | 3428677 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3490796 | 3499404 | 3512515 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3780168 | 3799314 | 3823699 | T: ronald2048 |
| 4161063 | 4175277 | 4254485 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 7031971 | 7054676 | 7103640 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 7158973 | 7192661 | 7218611 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7243512 | 7289378 | 7386296 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 9099238 | 9114910 | 9135102 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 9189273 | 9223836 | 9288084 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 10402112 | 10451172 | 10850355 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 11525850 | 11606004 | 11807150 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 12947866 | 12970848 | 13005252 | T: ronald3072 |
| 14902151 | 14939218 | 14944932 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 16484475 | 16595462 | 16700949 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 19333204 | 19342649 | 19480705 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 21340006 | 21511026 | 21585824 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 21951235 | 21982033 | 22070082 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 23350935 | 23396721 | 23431802 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 27266277 | 27334102 | 27532953 | T: ronald4096 |
| 144755711 | 144812008 | 144865342 | T: pqrsa15 |
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