Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Tiger Lake (806c1); 2020 Intel Core i7-1165G7; 4 x 2800MHz; panther, supercop-20260217
[Page version: 20260302 18:25:24]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 53145 | 53843 | 54703 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 68957 | 69712 | 70868 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 93137 | 94250 | 95178 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 96851 | 97740 | 99219 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 114824 | 115866 | 116739 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 164909 | 166071 | 168142 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 413041 | 415825 | 419037 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 415278 | 416620 | 418220 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 457417 | 460214 | 463564 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 765098 | 769694 | 774588 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 985641 | 989591 | 993686 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1116289 | 1121498 | 1127495 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1232105 | 1243528 | 1248987 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2493818 | 2516480 | 2618862 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2941847 | 2970442 | 3246321 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3069472 | 3100452 | 3282500 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 3860162? | 4415235? | 6246811? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3717164? | 4448378? | 5744796? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5044031 | 5179041 | 5829937 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5510465? | 5681454? | 8110148? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6499775 | 6566401 | 6728629 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7121449 | 7140108 | 7188988 | T: lotus128 |
| 7437688 | 7475508 | 7948711 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 8062515 | 8102775 | 8611703 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9025742 | 9089390 | 10777707 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9477162 | 9519933 | 9622112 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 10401981 | 10888522 | 12008066 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 10982195 | 11033851 | 11137599 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 13085162? | 13157698? | 17320645? | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 14585080 | 14613321 | 14658211 | T: lotus192 |
| 16299613 | 16375101 | 16439228 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 16515157 | 16717339 | 19355100 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 15770813 | 17008230 | 18315826 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 24608291 | 24779794 | 24960102 | T: lotus256 |
| 28760146 | 29550440 | 31088414 | T: C:mceliece |
| 30278771 | 30962110 | 33691173 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 31028791 | 31075917 | 31123366 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 34152118 | 34229712 | 34349640 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 45142324 | 45412186 | 45826976 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 39550080? | 57989120? | 76691911? | T: ronald1024 |
| 58433636 | 58591846 | 58705435 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 64559584 | 65006648 | 65693059 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 75463819 | 75640931 | 75825014 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 50911809? | 82060045? | 132022422? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 50701078? | 83143335? | 139019222? | T: rsa2048 |
| 84402625 | 84733207 | 85403983 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 96826481 | 96991984 | 97146542 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 101614190 | 101773935 | 101984621 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 114286072 | 114823059 | 115469080 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 119441148 | 119896163 | 120687394 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 132864724 | 133010554 | 133217847 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 195388675 | 196011303 | 197185934 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 169234520? | 224084050? | 339172536? | T: ronald1536 |
| 314550883? | 454092423? | 681389378? | T: ronald2048 |
| 912220491? | 1435212197? | 2178329274? | T: ronald3072 |
| 2716996184 | 2816242263 | 2908631991 | T: pqrsa15 |
| -1871635714 | 3418835799 | 5502781758 | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 16998 | 17342 | 17780 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 17640 | 17982 | 18774 | T: rsa2048 |
| 31344 | 31774 | 33895 | T: ronald1024 |
| 38352 | 38654 | 38888 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 39727 | 41235 | 43458 | T: ronald1536 |
| 42885 | 43272 | 43781 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 43598 | 44218 | 44783 | T: C:mceliece |
| 53678 | 55693 | 57857 | T: ronald2048 |
| 62470 | 62808 | 63247 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 79505 | 79931 | 80413 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 94105 | 95808 | 99140 | T: ronald3072 |
| 98428 | 98814 | 99450 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 98890 | 99595 | 100419 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 116570 | 116930 | 117380 | T: lotus128 |
| 131672 | 132840 | 134165 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 143941 | 146428 | 150394 | T: ronald4096 |
| 172215 | 173373 | 174574 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 173640 | 176565 | 179885 | T: lotus192 |
| 181475 | 182647 | 184077 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 219800 | 221442 | 224193 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 252122 | 253459 | 256641 | T: lotus256 |
| 278039 | 279804 | 281530 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 299415 | 301726 | 305730 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 412397 | 417770 | 419319 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 505494 | 507693 | 510442 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 583661 | 599937 | 609135 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 597166 | 599953 | 608468 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 615255 | 616148 | 617771 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 625899 | 626866 | 628913 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 647477 | 649549 | 651757 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 675404 | 686868 | 712065 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 701151 | 719883 | 729432 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 729302 | 730834 | 733008 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 753886 | 766682 | 786805 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 809479 | 812244 | 815369 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 804917 | 818957 | 831287 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 926387 | 936538 | 992542 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 995099 | 998985 | 1002070 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1148933 | 1173436 | 1198548 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1195559 | 1199777 | 1203939 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1309203 | 1317450 | 1328775 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1320408 | 1335324 | 1356831 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1346237 | 1351551 | 1356735 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1371352 | 1373423 | 1375429 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1379581 | 1387438 | 1397183 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1613973 | 1630500 | 1720053 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 1720118 | 1724118 | 1729240 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1754327 | 1758708 | 1767786 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 2012258 | 2029798 | 2045115 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2021614 | 2042321 | 2059016 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2074008 | 2082129 | 2100162 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2326915 | 2350466 | 2457674 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2449386 | 2468733 | 2483733 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2718706 | 2734705 | 2793337 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 2820161 | 2847067 | 2889456 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 2860046 | 2901426 | 3067977 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 15974446 | 16004900 | 16043064 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 41829 | 42187 | 42480 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 45616 | 45910 | 46234 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 68051 | 68533 | 69595 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 91180 | 91554 | 92242 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 99536 | 100369 | 101884 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 122624 | 124579 | 127497 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 131430 | 131670 | 132007 | T: lotus128 |
| 150845 | 153959 | 159994 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 194253 | 198912 | 208250 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 200535 | 202598 | 204764 | T: lotus192 |
| 210823 | 213978 | 221523 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 260881 | 265720 | 274363 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 291615 | 294514 | 300822 | T: lotus256 |
| 361297 | 366204 | 374879 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 695865 | 697303 | 699232 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 783882 | 789768 | 797867 | T: ronald1024 |
| 803064 | 809628 | 860813 | T: C:mceliece |
| 834046 | 853666 | 883641 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1170039 | 1186622 | 1220429 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1173975 | 1189357 | 1210898 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1432885 | 1448759 | 1485297 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1476206 | 1494456 | 1514699 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1709979 | 1721158 | 1731880 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1720156 | 1738391 | 1756561 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 1733319 | 1755977 | 1783884 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1767597 | 1790897 | 1824019 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1796283 | 1814115 | 1840084 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1911097 | 1912838 | 1915581 | T: rsa2048 |
| 1908735 | 1917460 | 1922360 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2061407 | 2070636 | 2082693 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2090576 | 2105848 | 2114715 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2097114 | 2117077 | 2146696 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2140635 | 2150726 | 2160175 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2155580 | 2172510 | 2202660 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2168215 | 2181885 | 2194257 | T: ronald2048 |
| 2212189 | 2228641 | 2247540 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2360901 | 2374183 | 2386210 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 2395035 | 2415932 | 2440479 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2680831 | 2703864 | 2752541 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 2923327 | 2942670 | 3000526 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3148394 | 3171262 | 3191731 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 4703338 | 4716777 | 4736182 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 4758604 | 4782128 | 4804508 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 5249628 | 5268910 | 5295864 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6428730 | 6455729 | 6490130 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 6669601 | 6701234 | 6737869 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 7953631 | 7992273 | 8015923 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 8844831 | 8871300 | 8893053 | T: ronald3072 |
| 10195350 | 10212727 | 10230725 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 10414026 | 10430309 | 10450336 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 10998559 | 11078169 | 11109421 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 12008244 | 12040099 | 12080276 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 15147422 | 15191675 | 15283997 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 15638510 | 15666241 | 15693247 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 15716840 | 15749211 | 15789172 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18473637 | 18541640 | 18730827 | T: ronald4096 |
| 102325395 | 102362030 | 102417478 | T: pqrsa15 |
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