Implementation notes: amd64, colossus5, crypto_sign/picnicl5fs

Computer: colossus5
Architecture: amd64
CPU ID: AuthenticAMD-00800f12-178bfbff
SUPERCOP version: 20210125
Operation: crypto_sign
Primitive: picnicl5fs
TimeObject sizeTest sizeImplementationCompilerBenchmark dateSUPERCOP version
71129760183434 2432 13318946 3280 1672T:optimizedct/avx2gcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O3_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
74081680174506 2432 13307866 3280 1672T:optimizedct/avx2gcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O2_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
74865280173869 2432 13306762 3280 1672T:optimizedct/avx2gcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
75743580167129 2432 13298938 3272 1640T:optimizedct/avx2gcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-Os_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
91944220158240 2432 13190530 3264 1624T:optimizedct/sse2gcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-Os_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
92682680165302 2432 13199162 3272 1656T:optimizedct/sse2gcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O2_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
93618360173920 2432 13209914 3272 1656T:optimizedct/sse2gcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O3_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
101840740165098 2432 13198498 3272 1656T:optimizedct/sse2gcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
107071080169915 2432 13205762 3272 1656T:optimizedct/cgcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O3_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
122595880163007 2432 13196754 3272 1656T:optimizedct/cgcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O2_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
139256680161836 2432 13195074 3272 1656T:optimizedct/cgcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
152870500156091 2432 13188282 3264 1624T:optimizedct/cgcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-Os_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
10644392001299881 4 01333371 856 1624T:refgcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O3_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
10757149601270081 4 01301555 856 1624T:refgcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O2_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
14160538201264378 4 01295395 856 1624T:refgcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-O_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125
15237239001258811 4 01288771 848 1592T:refgcc_-march=native_-mtune=native_-Os_-fomit-frame-pointer_-fwrapv_-fPIC_-fPIE2021031020210125

Namespace violations

Implementation: T:optimizedct/avx2
Security model: timingleaks
Compiler: gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE
KeccakHashtimes4.o Keccak_HashFinaltimes4 T
KeccakHashtimes4.o Keccak_HashInitializetimes4 T
KeccakHashtimes4.o Keccak_HashSqueezetimes4 T
KeccakHashtimes4.o Keccak_HashUpdatetimes4 T
KeccakSpongeWidth1600times4.o KeccakWidth1600times4_SpongeAbsorb T
KeccakSpongeWidth1600times4.o KeccakWidth1600times4_SpongeAbsorbLastFewBits T
KeccakSpongeWidth1600times4.o KeccakWidth1600times4_SpongeInitialize T
KeccakSpongeWidth1600times4.o KeccakWidth1600times4_SpongeSqueeze T
bitstream.o bitstream_get_bits T
bitstream.o bitstream_get_bits_32 T
bitstream.o bitstream_get_bits_8 T
bitstream.o bitstream_put_bits T
bitstream.o bitstream_put_bits_32 T
bitstream.o bitstream_put_bits_8 T
io.o mzd_from_char_array T
io.o mzd_to_char_array T
lowmc.o lowmc_get_implementation T
lowmc.o lowmc_store_get_implementation T
lowmc_256_256_38.o lowmc_256_256_38 D
mpc_lowmc.o get_zkbpp_lowmc_implementation T
mpc_lowmc.o get_zkbpp_lowmc_verify_implementation T
mpc_lowmc.o get_zkbpp_share_implentation T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s128_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s128_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s128_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s128_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s128_30_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s256_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s256_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s256_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s256_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s256_30_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_30_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_s128_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_s128_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_s256_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_s256_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_s128_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_s128_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_s256_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_s256_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_free T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_free_multiple T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_init_ex T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_init_multiple_ex T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_parity_uint64_256_30 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s128_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s128_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s128_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s128_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s128_256_1280 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s256_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s256_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s256_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s256_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s256_256_1280 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_256_1216 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_left_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_left_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_left_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_right_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_right_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_right_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shuffle_256_30 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shuffle_pext_256_30 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s128_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s128_1280 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s128_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s256_1024 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s256_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s256_1280 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s256_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s256_768 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_1216 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_256 T
picnic.o picnic_get_lowmc_block_size T
picnic.o picnic_get_param_name T
picnic.o picnic_get_private_key_size T
picnic.o picnic_get_public_key_size T
picnic.o picnic_keygen T
picnic.o picnic_read_private_key T
picnic.o picnic_read_public_key T
picnic.o picnic_sign T
picnic.o picnic_signature_size T
picnic.o picnic_sk_to_pk T
picnic.o picnic_validate_keypair T
picnic.o picnic_verify T
picnic.o picnic_write_private_key T
picnic.o picnic_write_public_key T
picnic_impl.o impl_sign T
picnic_impl.o impl_verify T
picnic_instances.o picnic_instance_get T
randomness.o rand_bits T
randomness.o rand_bytes T

Number of similar (compiler,implementation) pairs: 4, namely:
CompilerImplementations
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/avx2
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/avx2
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/avx2
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/avx2

Namespace violations

Implementation: T:optimizedct/c
Security model: timingleaks
Compiler: gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE
bitstream.o bitstream_get_bits T
bitstream.o bitstream_get_bits_32 T
bitstream.o bitstream_get_bits_8 T
bitstream.o bitstream_put_bits T
bitstream.o bitstream_put_bits_32 T
bitstream.o bitstream_put_bits_8 T
io.o mzd_from_char_array T
io.o mzd_to_char_array T
lowmc.o lowmc_get_implementation T
lowmc.o lowmc_store_get_implementation T
lowmc_256_256_38.o lowmc_256_256_38 D
mpc_lowmc.o get_zkbpp_lowmc_implementation T
mpc_lowmc.o get_zkbpp_lowmc_verify_implementation T
mpc_lowmc.o get_zkbpp_share_implentation T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_30_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_free T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_free_multiple T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_init_ex T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_init_multiple_ex T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_parity_uint64_256_30 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_256_1216 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_left_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_left_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_left_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_right_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_right_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_right_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shuffle_256_30 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_1216 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_256 T
picnic.o picnic_get_lowmc_block_size T
picnic.o picnic_get_param_name T
picnic.o picnic_get_private_key_size T
picnic.o picnic_get_public_key_size T
picnic.o picnic_keygen T
picnic.o picnic_read_private_key T
picnic.o picnic_read_public_key T
picnic.o picnic_sign T
picnic.o picnic_signature_size T
picnic.o picnic_sk_to_pk T
picnic.o picnic_validate_keypair T
picnic.o picnic_verify T
picnic.o picnic_write_private_key T
picnic.o picnic_write_public_key T
picnic_impl.o impl_sign T
picnic_impl.o impl_verify T
picnic_instances.o picnic_instance_get T
randomness.o rand_bits T
randomness.o rand_bytes T

Number of similar (compiler,implementation) pairs: 4, namely:
CompilerImplementations
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/c
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/c
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/c
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/c

Namespace violations

Implementation: T:optimizedct/sse2
Security model: timingleaks
Compiler: gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE
bitstream.o bitstream_get_bits T
bitstream.o bitstream_get_bits_32 T
bitstream.o bitstream_get_bits_8 T
bitstream.o bitstream_put_bits T
bitstream.o bitstream_put_bits_32 T
bitstream.o bitstream_put_bits_8 T
io.o mzd_from_char_array T
io.o mzd_to_char_array T
lowmc.o lowmc_get_implementation T
lowmc.o lowmc_store_get_implementation T
lowmc_256_256_38.o lowmc_256_256_38 D
mpc_lowmc.o get_zkbpp_lowmc_implementation T
mpc_lowmc.o get_zkbpp_lowmc_verify_implementation T
mpc_lowmc.o get_zkbpp_share_implentation T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s128_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s128_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s128_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s128_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_s128_30_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_addmul_v_uint64_30_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_s128_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_s128_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_and_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_s128_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_s128_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_copy_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_free T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_free_multiple T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_init_ex T
mzd_additional.o mzd_local_init_multiple_ex T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_parity_uint64_256_30 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s128_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s128_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s128_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s128_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_s128_256_1280 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_129 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_mul_v_uint64_256_1216 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_left_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_left_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_left_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_right_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_right_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shift_right_uint64_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_shuffle_256_30 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s128_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s128_1280 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_s128_256 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_1216 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_128 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_192 T
mzd_additional.o mzd_xor_uint64_256 T
picnic.o picnic_get_lowmc_block_size T
picnic.o picnic_get_param_name T
picnic.o picnic_get_private_key_size T
picnic.o picnic_get_public_key_size T
picnic.o picnic_keygen T
picnic.o picnic_read_private_key T
picnic.o picnic_read_public_key T
picnic.o picnic_sign T
picnic.o picnic_signature_size T
picnic.o picnic_sk_to_pk T
picnic.o picnic_validate_keypair T
picnic.o picnic_verify T
picnic.o picnic_write_private_key T
picnic.o picnic_write_public_key T
picnic_impl.o impl_sign T
picnic_impl.o impl_verify T
picnic_instances.o picnic_instance_get T
randomness.o rand_bits T
randomness.o rand_bytes T

Number of similar (compiler,implementation) pairs: 4, namely:
CompilerImplementations
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/sse2
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/sse2
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/sse2
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:optimizedct/sse2

Namespace violations

Implementation: T:ref
Security model: timingleaks
Compiler: gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE
api.o params D
hash.o HashFinal T
hash.o HashInit T
hash.o HashSqueeze T
hash.o HashUpdate T
hash.o HashUpdateIntLE T
hash.o fromLittleEndian T
hash.o toLittleEndian T
lowmc_constants.o KMatrix T
lowmc_constants.o KMatrixInv T
lowmc_constants.o LMatrix T
lowmc_constants.o LMatrixInv T
lowmc_constants.o RConstant T
picnic.o get_param_set T
picnic.o get_transform T
picnic.o is_picnic3 T
picnic.o picnic_get_param_name T
picnic.o picnic_keygen T
picnic.o picnic_read_private_key T
picnic.o picnic_read_public_key T
picnic.o picnic_sign T
picnic.o picnic_signature_size T
picnic.o picnic_validate_keypair T
picnic.o picnic_verify T
picnic.o picnic_write_private_key T
picnic.o picnic_write_public_key T
picnic.o print_signature T
picnic3_impl.o ceil_log2 T
picnic3_impl.o deserializeSignature2 T
picnic3_impl.o serializeSignature2 T
picnic3_impl.o sign_picnic3 T
picnic3_impl.o verify_picnic3 T
picnic_impl.o Commit T
picnic_impl.o G T
picnic_impl.o H3 T
picnic_impl.o LowMCEnc T
picnic_impl.o arePaddingBitsZero T
picnic_impl.o computeSeeds T
picnic_impl.o createRandomTape T
picnic_impl.o deserializeSignature T
picnic_impl.o getBit T
picnic_impl.o getBitFromWordArray T
picnic_impl.o getChallenge T
picnic_impl.o matrix_mul T
picnic_impl.o mpc_AND T
picnic_impl.o mpc_AND_verify T
picnic_impl.o mpc_LowMC T
picnic_impl.o mpc_LowMC_verify T
picnic_impl.o mpc_matrix_mul T
picnic_impl.o mpc_substitution T
picnic_impl.o mpc_substitution_verify T
picnic_impl.o mpc_xor T
picnic_impl.o mpc_xor_constant T
picnic_impl.o mpc_xor_constant_verify T
picnic_impl.o numBytes T
picnic_impl.o parity T
picnic_impl.o printHex T
picnic_impl.o prove T
picnic_impl.o random_bytes_supercop T
picnic_impl.o serializeSignature T
picnic_impl.o setBit T
picnic_impl.o setBitInWordArray T
picnic_impl.o setChallenge T
picnic_impl.o sign_picnic1 T
picnic_impl.o verify T
picnic_impl.o verifyProof T
picnic_impl.o xor_array T
picnic_impl.o xor_three T
picnic_impl.o zeroTrailingBits T
picnic_types.o allocateCommitments T
picnic_types.o allocateCommitments2 T
picnic_types.o allocateGCommitments T
picnic_types.o allocateInputs T
picnic_types.o allocateMsgs T
picnic_types.o allocateProof T
picnic_types.o allocateProof2 T
picnic_types.o allocateRandomTape T
picnic_types.o allocateSeeds T
picnic_types.o allocateShares T
picnic_types.o allocateSignature T
picnic_types.o allocateSignature2 T
picnic_types.o allocateView T
picnic_types.o allocateViews T
picnic_types.o freeCommitments T
picnic_types.o freeCommitments2 T
picnic_types.o freeGCommitments T
picnic_types.o freeInputs T
picnic_types.o freeMsgs T
picnic_types.o freeProof T
picnic_types.o freeProof2 T
picnic_types.o freeRandomTape T
picnic_types.o freeSeeds T
picnic_types.o freeShares T
picnic_types.o freeSignature T
picnic_types.o freeSignature2 T
picnic_types.o freeView T
picnic_types.o freeViews T
picnic_types.o getTapeSizeBytes T
tree.o addMerkleNodes T
tree.o buildMerkleTree T
tree.o createTree T
tree.o exists T
tree.o expandSeeds T
tree.o freeTree T
tree.o generateSeeds T
tree.o getLeaf T
tree.o getLeaves T
tree.o getParent T
tree.o getSibling T
tree.o hasLeftChild T
tree.o hasRightChild T
tree.o hasSibling T
tree.o hashSeed T
tree.o isLeafNode T
tree.o isLeftChild T
tree.o openMerkleTree T
tree.o openMerkleTreeSize T
tree.o printLeaves T
tree.o printSeeds T
tree.o reconstructSeeds T
tree.o revealSeeds T
tree.o revealSeedsSize T
tree.o verifyMerkleTree T

Number of similar (compiler,implementation) pairs: 4, namely:
CompilerImplementations
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:ref
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:ref
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -O -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:ref
gcc -march=native -mtune=native -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -fwrapv -fPIC -fPIE T:ref